Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The STR/N inbred mouse is a behavioral mutant that drinks up to four times its body weight in water or normal saline per day when given free access, despite the lack of physiological need. Since angiotensin II (AII) is a powerful elicitor of drinking behavior, we investigated the influence of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, on the amount of water consumed by the STR/N mouse. Oral administration of captopril, which inhibits formation of AII (active octapeptide) from AI (precursor decapeptide), resulted in a reduction of 46 to 79% in water consumption of 53 polydipsic STR/N mice, and a 20-42% increase in water consumption of 12 of 13 Swiss/Webster (S/W) normodipsic control mice. These results suggest that the polydipsic behavior of the STR/N mutant may involve mediation by AII and/or another molecule which is also suppressed by captopril, such as another peptide, which, for activation, requires cleavage by a peptidase which is inhibited by captopril.
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PMID:Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril suppresses a genetic polydipsic behavior. 209 85

Ten pigeons were inoculated intravenously with the low virulence Streptococcus gallolyticus strain PDH 827, which belongs to serotype 1, supernatant phenotype A(-)T2. The birds did not develop clinical disease but shed S. gallolyticus in their faeces, and antibodies against the bacterium were detected in post-inoculation plasma samples of all birds. Seven weeks later, these pigeons, as well as 14 control pigeons, were challenged intravenously with the highly virulent S. gallolyticus strain STR 357, which also belongs to serotype 1 but to the supernatant phenotype A(+)T1. Post-inoculation morbidity in the immunized group amounted to 90%, demonstrating that no protective immunity had been built up after the first infection. These findings indicate that serotype-specific antigens are not, or at least not solely, involved in induction of protection against S. gallolyticus septicaemia in pigeons.
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PMID:Failure of a low virulence Streptococcus gallolyticus serotype 1 strain to immunize pigeons against streptococcosis. 1242 34

Population genetic survey of the indigenous populations of the Marii El Republic, represented by the two major ethnographic groups of Maris, Meadow (five samples from Morkinsk, Orshansk, Semursk, Sovetsk, and Zvenigovsk districts) and Mountain (one sample from Gornomariisk district) Maris, was carried out. All Mari groups were examined at nine polymorphic DNA loci of nuclear genome, VNTR(PAH) (N = 422), STR(PAH) (N = 152), VNTR(ApoB) (N= 294), VNTR(DAT1) (N = 363), VNTR(eNOS) (N = 373), ACE (N = 412), IVS6aGATT (N = 513), D7S23(KM.19) (N = 494), and D7S8 (N = 366). Allele and genotype frequency distribution patterns were obtained for individual samples and ethnographic groups, as well as for the ethnic group overall. In each of six Mari samples examined, the deficit of heterozygotes was observed, i.e., the mean observed heterozygosity was lower than the expected one. The indices of mean heterozygosity, Hs = 0.455, and interpopulation differentiation, FST = 0.0024, for the Mari gene pool were obtained using a set of DNA markers analyzed. Analysis of the genetic distances and between population differentiation (FST) showed that the main part of genetic diversity in Maris was determined by the differentiation between the populations of Meadow Maris. The contribution of the differences between the ethnographic groups of Mountain and Meadow Maris to the ethnic gene pool was small. It is suggested that the main role in the formation of the Mari gene pool is played by the geographic factor.
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PMID:[Analysis of polymorphism at nine nuclear genome DNA loci in maris]. 1658 10

The aim of this study was to investigate an influence of different types of membrane additives including negative charge (dicetylphosphate, DCP), positive charge (stearylamine, STR) and non-ionic molecule (cholesteryl poly-24-oxyethylene ether, SC24) on the physicochemical properties of drug-free and drug-loaded niosomes. Salicylic acid having different proportions of ionized and unionized species at different pH was selected as a model drug. The niosomes were composed of 1:1 mole ratio of Span 60: cholesterol as vesicle forming agents. The results show that incorporation of salicylic acid to the niosomes did not affect zeta potential values; however, addition of the membrane additives changed the zeta potential depending on the type of the additives. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that niosomes had unilamellar structure. The particle sizes of all developed niosomes were between 217 to 360 nm. The entrapment efficiency (%E.E.) of all salicylic acid niosomes at pH 3 was higher than that of niosomes at pH 5, indicating that salicylic acid in unionized form was preferably incorporated in niosomes. Furthermore, the positively charged niosomes showed the highest %E.E. of salicylic acid owing to electrostatic attraction between STR and salicylic acid. After 3 months of storage at 4 degrees C, the particle size of the niosomes remained in the nanosize range except for DCP salicylic acid niosomes at pH 3 whose size increased due to an instability of DCP at low pH. In addition, all niosomes showed no leakage of the salicylic acid after 3 months of storage indicating the good stability.
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PMID:Effect of charged and non-ionic membrane additives on physicochemical properties and stability of niosomes. 1863 34