Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the rat model of hypertension induced by a clip on the right renal artery, sparing the left kidney, we compared the efficacity and the endocrine, renal and cardiac effects of classical therapy (CT) of hypertension (Clonidine 0.2 mg/kg and Dihydralazine 15 mg/kg in 2 daily subcutaneous injections and Furosemide 30 mg/kg/day in the drinking water), with inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme with a new drug, the S-9490-3 (0.5 mg/kg in one daily administration). The untreated animals (HT: n = 12) had an average systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 215 +/- 32 mmHg. After 1 month' treatment, S-9490-3 (n = 13) lowers SBP to 144 +/- 32 mmHg compared to CT (n = 12) which lowered SBP to only 172 +/- 18 mmHg. The average plasma renin concentrations of the HT animals was four times the normal value (39 +/- 33 ng/ml/h) and both treatment regimes increased it further (S-9490-3: 129 +/- 65 ng/ml/h; CT: 97 +/- 73 ng/ml/h). Angiotensin levels fell in proportion to the increase in renin concentration. Plasma aldosterone was normalised by S-9490-3 (460 +/- 320 pg/ml) but remained as high after CT (850 +/- 650 pg/ml) as in the untreated HT animals (830 +/- 260 pg/ml). Despite the Furosemide, plasma volume increased significantly in the CT group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Comparison of the cardiac, renal and endocrine effects of converting enzyme inhibition with those of a classical triple therapy in experimental renal hypertension]. 609 34

Dihydralazine (0.1 mg/kg), injected intravenously into male Sprague-Dawley rats, caused a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and an increase in renal plasma flow, while urine volume remained unchanged. Dihydralazine had no effect on kallikrein excretion in the urine and on kallikrein activity in the renal cortex. No correlation was found between renal kallikrein and either renal plasma flow or mean arterial blood pressure. The excretion of kinins in the urine rose markedly after the administration of dihydralazine; no correlation between urinary kinins and urinary or renal kallikrein was observed. Dihydralazine had no influence on the kininogen content of blood-free renal cortex. The enzymatic activity of kininase II in renal cortex was not impaired by dihydralazine. It is suggested that the increased formation of kinins within the kidney could be involved in the vasodilating and blood pressure lowering effect of dihydralazine.
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PMID:Effect of dihydralazine on the renal kallikrein-kinin system of the rat. 691

Importance of systolic over diastolic blood pressure measurements: Systolic pressure is known to be a more important independent cardiovascular risk factor than diastolic pressure in subjects over 50 years of age; after that age, a high incidence of two types of systolic hypertension is observed, sustained essential hypertension with a disproportionate increase in systolic pressure and isolated systolic hypertension. Effects of lacidipine on blood pressure in the elderly: The effects of vasodilators on blood pressure have been studied extensively. Recently, lacidipine, nitrendipine and enalapril were compared in a multicenter, randomly allocated, double-blind trial in elderly hypertensive patients with a disproportionate increase in systolic pressure treated for 8 weeks (n = 278). In these patients, supine systolic pressure decreased to a greater extent with lacidipine and enalapril than with nitrendipine, the difference between lacidipine and nitrendipine reaching statistical significance. In another trial, lisinopril produced a greater reduction in systolic pressure than atenolol. Finally, in a study in elderly patients with systolic hypertension, long-acting isosorbide dinitrate induced a selective sustained decrease in systolic pressure. Mechanisms of action of vasodilators: A fall in systolic blood pressure may be produced by vasodilators through a reduction in peripheral resistance with or without an active change in arterial compliance. Dihydralazine-like substances do not increase arterial compliance whereas angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium entry blockers and nitrates tend to increase arterial compliance for the same decrease in mean arterial pressure.
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PMID:Comparative effects of antihypertensive drugs on systolic blood pressure. 848 18