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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A modified instrumentation for the percutaneous screwing of mandibular fragments is presented. Functionally stable osteosynthesis in the mandible may be obtained by the tractional screws and osteosynthesis plate (DCP, EDCP). It is possible to use the 2-mm miniscrew and also the 2.7- and 3.5-mm corticalis screw. Thus, it seems possible to use percutaneous, functionally stable osteosynthesis with plates and screws for certain types of fractures and corrective osteotomies of the mandible. In addition, the same technique applies to the sagittal splitting of the ascending ramus after Obwegeser for the correction of mandibular prognathism.
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PMID:[A modified set of instruments for percutaneous screwing together of mandibular fragments]. 26 19

Biomechanical properties of osteotomized rabbit tibio-fibular bones fixed with 6-hole stainless steel AO/DCP plates were investigated with torsional loading 3 to 24 weeks postoperatively. During the first 9 weeks maximum torque capacity, energy absorption and torsional rigidity increased, reflecting progressive bony union between the fractured bone ends. From 9 to 24 weeks the values of torque capacity and energy absorption decreased, whereas torsional rigidity seemed to reach a steady state without further significant changes. For the three parameters considered, the mean percentage differences between the osteotomized plated bones and their paired-sham-operated controls were 69, 64 and 80 per cent, respectively. The results suggest that internal fixation of fractured bones provides conditions for undisturbed fracture healing, but that subsequently the rigid nature of the implant has an adverse effect on the cortical bone, which slowly loses strength. Thus the optimal time for removal of the plate seems to be shortly after the fracture has healed and before the bony tissue had been weakened by secondary changes, such as cancellous transformation and spatial rearrangement of the tubular bone.
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PMID:The healing of experimental fractures by compression osteosynthesis. I. Torsional strength. 49 57

Rigid stainless steel osteosynthesis plates (DCP/ASIF) were attached bilaterally onto the intact tibio-fibular bone in 40 rabbits. Axial compression was used on the right side, neutral plate fixation on the left. The radiographic appearances of the bone were analysed 1 day, and 1, 3, 12, 24 and 36 weeks postoperatively. The changes in the bone were progressive, related to the time of fixation, and similar in the right and left leg. The main alterations were a progressive thinning of the cortical bone under the plate and a progressive cancellous transformation of the tubular bone.
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PMID:Radiographic abnormalities in tubular bone after rigid plate fixation in rabbits. 64 75

A consecutive series of 131 comminuted fractures of the femur in 123 patients has been reviewed. All fractures were stabilized by means of rigid ASIF-plate fixation (mostly DCP). About 60% of the patients were polyfractured or polytraumatized (including brain, chest and abdominal injuries). In 85% of the cases the fracture was stabilized within 24 h after the accident and usually the patients remained on a ventilator with PEEP for 1 to 2 days postoperatively. Of the 4 postoperative deaths only two patients died of a pulmonary complication. All patients could be reexamined 1-3 years postoperatively. Although a number of them had suffered from complications (osteitis, fatigue fractures of the plate, delayed union) and had to be reoperated,92% of the cases displayed an excellent or good functionl result. The factors to reduce the complication rate(i.e. primary cancellous bonegraft) are being discussed.
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PMID:[Experiences with plate fixation in 131 femoral shaft fractures]. 65 44

The influence of a rigid plate on the structure of intact tubular bone was studied in forty adult rabbits using a four-hole commercial-steel DCP-ASIF plate attached to each tibiofibular bone, with and without compression. The morphological changes in the bone underlying the plate were examined and were assessed quantitatively at one day to thirty-six weeks after operation. The rigid plate induced porotic changes in the cortical bone, which were evident three weeks after the operation and increased rapidly between twelve and eighteen weeks. At thirty-six weeks, resorption cavities occupied 40.6 per cent of the cortical wall of the bones plated with compression and 41.2 per cent of the wall of those plated without compression. The changes were visible slightly earlier in the presence of compression. A rigid plate brought about a statistically significant increase both in the outer diameter of the bone and in the diameter of the medullary space as a result of subperiosteal new-bone formation and concomitant subendosteal bone resorption.
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PMID:Structural changes in intact tubular bone after application of rigid plates with and without compression. 67 Feb 74

The influence of halogenated antibacterials on membrane structure and function was investigated using the human erythrocyte membrane as a model. Measurements of hemolysis in isotonic solution, altered membrane permeability, and stabilization against hypotonic hemolysis resulting from exposure of erythrocytes to halogenated antibacterials served as criteria of membrane-related effects. The hemolytic potency of the compounds studied differed widely, decreasing in the order hexachlorophene (HCP) greater than 2,2'-methylenebis(3,5-dichlorophenol) (3,5-TCP) greater than 2,2'-methylenebis(3,4-dichlorophenol) (3,4-TCP) approximately equal to 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-dichlorophenol) (4,6-TCP) greater than 2,2'-methylenebis(4-chlorophenol) (DCP) greater than 3,4'-tribromosalicylanilide (TBS) approximately equal to 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA). Each of the antibacterials tested stabilized the erythrocyte against hypotonic hemolysis, although there were marked differences in the concentrations required to afford maximum stabilization as well as in the extent of protection. The observed order of protective effectiveness was HCP greater than 3,4-TCP greater than 4,6-TCP greater than DCP approximately equal to TCS greater than TBS. As shown by measurements of the first-order rate constant for K+ efflux, the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to K+ was increased upon exposure to the antibacterials, with the effect of HCP greater than 3,4-TCP greater than 4,6-TCP approximately equal to 3,4-TCP greater than DCP approximately equal to TCS greater than TBS. These results indicate that halogenated antibacterials are capable of perturbing mammalian membranes, a feature which may account in part for their mammalian toxicity.
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PMID:Effects of halogenated antibacterials on the erythrocyte membrane. 69 71

Calcium and hydroxyproline content of intact rabbit tibio-fibular bone was assay chemically 1 day to 36 weeks after compression and neutral plate fixation with a 4-hole stainless steel ASIF/DCP plate. During the first three postoperative weeks calcium content of the cortical bone decreased by an almost significant amount (P less than 0.05); thereafter, calcium values remained subnormal but did not differ significantly from initial postoperative values. Hydroxyproline content increased steadily throughout the experiment (P less than 0.001). The changes in chemical composition of the bone were of the same magnitude after compression and neutral plate fixation. The results suggest that the cancellous transformation of cortical bone, known to take place under rigid plates, reflects an active remodelling process of the bone in which the calcium and hydroxyproline content changes only slightly.
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PMID:Changes in calcium and hydroxyproline content of cortical bone after compression and neutral plate fixation. 73 74

Biomechanical properties of intact rabbit tibio-fibulae were investigated with torional loading 1 day to 36 weeks after fixation using 4-hole stainless steel ASIF/DCP plates with and without compression. During the first 12 weeks energy absorption and torque moment increased slightly as a result of subperiosteal new bone formation following application of the plates. There was a concomitant increase in the yielding properties of the bone, reflecting progressive porotic transformation. Thereafter, up to 36 weeks postoperatively, the values for energy absorption, torque moment and angular deformation gradually declined in both groups of bones. The differences between normal control bones and plated bones at 36 weeks were 70.1, 53.0 and 26.3 per cent, respectively. The decay of torsional strength was the same whether or not compression was used in the plate fixation. The results suggest that even in normal bone rigid plates induce a considerable loss of strength due to the cancellous transformation they are known to cause in cortical bone.
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PMID:Studies on mechanical strength of bone. II. Torsional strength of cortial bone after rigid plate fixation with and without compression. 73 76

The effect of chlorophenothane (pp'--DDT) and five structurally related compounds op-DDD (op'-DDD, pp'-DDD, DTE, DCMP and DCP see text) on the cerebral hemisphere gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory transmitter in brain contents and possible correlation with central activities was demonstrated in rats. The tested compounds were given in oral doses of 600 mg/kg in peanut oil. Cerebral GABA content was determined 1, 3 and 6 hrs after the ingestion of pp'-DDT and 3 hrs after each of the other drugs. The mean GABA content in each group of rats was compared with control groups, either without any treatment, or receiving the equivalent volume of peanut oil. pp'-DDT produced a significant reduction in brain GABA contents 3 and 6 hrs after its administration. This was accompanied by excitability, tremor and clonic convulsions. Of the congenors, only DTE exerted a similar effect. The present results point to the possibility of partial involvement of GABA in the tremor and convulsions induced by pp'-DDT. They also indicate the importance of the CCl2 grouping in the molecule for the induction of central effects of pp'-DDT.
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PMID:Investigation of the effect of chlorophenothane and certain chemically related compounds on the cerebral gamma-aminobutyric acid contents in rats. 74 May 48

The stability of internal fixation is enhanced by axial compression on the fracture ends. If internal fixation of the mandible is achieved by a compression plate at the lower border of the mandible (compression side), distraction of the fracture ends on the occlusal side occurs which has to be counteracted without damaging the roots of the teeth on the occlusal side (traction side) or without damaging the inferior alveolar nerve. From experiments on models it was seen that an acceptable solution to this problem is given by the use of the combined compression plate and tension band plate or the "Excentric Dynamic Compression Plate" (EDCP). In this paper 25 clinical cases of internal fixation of the mandible by means of the EDCP are examined and discussed. The following relevant facts were reviewed on all patients: -- kind of trauma -- age -- dentition -- localization of the fracture -- local and general additional injuries -- time of operation -- material used for internal fixation -- type of occlusal immobilisation during operation -- use of antibiotics -- skin closure -- mobilisation -- hospital stay -- duration of work disability -- complications -- scarring -- neurological disablement -- malocclusion In this paper emphasis is layed upon internal fixation by means of the EDCP. The clinical evaluation of the 25 cases clearly demonstrates that the main indication for internal fixation with the EDCP is given in fractures of the horizontal ramus of the mandible, because in this localisation the plate has to be applied beneath the inferior alveolar nerve. A further indication for internal fixation with the EDCP are fractures of the angle of the mandible. In these cases the tension band principle by means of a tension banc archbar or a tension band plate cannot be applied, because of missing teeth on the proximal fragment, or a non erupted wisdom tooth. These indications can be summarized as follows: -- In fractures of the angle of the mandible--when ever possible compression plate and tension band plate, otherwise EDCP -- In fractures of the horizontal ramus--EDCP -- In fractures of the mandibular front--DCP.
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PMID:[Functionally stable osteosynthesis of the mandible by means of an excentric-dynamic compression plate. Results of a follow-up of 25 cases]. 106 99


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