Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The in vivo effects of alacepril (1-[(S)-3-acetylthio-2-methylpropanoyl]- L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine), an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, and SC-52458 (5-[(3,5-dibutyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1- yl)methyl]-2-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-ylphenyl)]pyridine), an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, were examined on the cardiac and aortic gene expressions of extracellular matrices and TGF-beta 1 in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In SHR, types I and III collagen mRNAs were increased in the left ventricle, and in contrast, fibronectin, collagen IV, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) mRNAs were increased in aorta, compared with those in Wistar-Kyoto rats. All the enhanced mRNAs in both organs in SHR were significantly inhibited by the short-term treatment with the above two drugs. Thus, angiotensin AT1 receptor may play an important role in the regulation of extracellular matrices and TGF-beta 1 expressions in SHR.
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PMID:Role of angiotensin II in extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor-beta 1 expression in hypertensive rats. 782 53

With advances in ceramics technology, calcium phosphate bioceramics have been applied as bone substitutes for several decades. The focus of this work is to elucidate the biocompatibility of the particulates of various calcium phosphate cytotoxicities. Four different kinds of calcium phosphate powders, including beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), hydroxyapatite (HA), beta-dicalcium pyrophosphate (beta-DCP), and sintered beta-dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP), were tested by osteoblast cell culture. The results were analyzed by cell count, concentration of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in culture media. The changes were most significant when osteoblasts were cultured with beta-TCP and HA bioceramics. The changes in cell population of the beta-TCP and HA were quite low in the first 3 days, then increased gradually toward the seventh day. The changes in TGF-beta 1 concentration in culture medium inversely related to the changes in cell population. The ALP titer in the culture media of the beta-TCP and HA were quite high in the first 3 days, then decreased rapidly between the third and seventh days. The concentrations of PGE2 in the culture media tested were quite high on the first day, decreased rapidly to the third day, and then gradually until the seventh day. The changes in the beta-DCP and SDCP were quite similar to those of HA and beta-TCP but much less significant. We conclude that HA and beta-TCP have an inhibitory effect on the growth of osteoblasts. The inhibitins effects of the HA and beta-TCP powders on the osteoblast cell cultures possibly are mediated by the increased synthesis of PGE2.
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PMID:The effects of calcium phosphate particles on the growth of osteoblasts. 936 37

The in vitro effects on human dermal fibroblasts and the U937 human monocytic cell line of three phases of electrical microcurrents generated by the ACE Stimulator were investigated. The growth and viability of growing and confluent dermal fibroblasts were not directly influenced by the separate microcurrent phases. One form of microcurrent (designated phase 1) stimulated both dermal fibroblasts and U937 cells to secrete transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which is an important regulator of cell-mediated inflammation and tissue regeneration, but none of the three phases stimulated secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 by U937 cells. The stimulation of TGF-beta 1 secretion in these experiments was not dramatic (a median increase over control levels of 20-30%), although it could be biologically significant.
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PMID:Electrical stimulation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 secretion by human dermal fibroblasts and the U937 human monocytic cell line. 1170 43

OBJECTIVE To clarify the mechanism of the anti-atherosclerotic effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) in primates, we investigated whether an ARB (CS-866) affects the serum markers of inflammation and growth factors, and the endothelial function in monkeys fed a high-cholesterol diet. DESIGN Monkeys fed a high-cholesterol diet for 6 months were divided into two groups: one group was given an ARB, CS-866 (10 mg/kg per day), and the other group was not. The control group was fed a normal diet. RESULTS Blood pressure and the plasma cholesterol level were not affected by CS-866. Plasma levels of angiotensin II, renin, angiotensin converting enzyme and chymase were not changed by the high-cholesterol diet, whereas vascular angiotensin converting enzyme, but not chymase, was significantly increased. Serum levels of macrophage-colony stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-beta1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 were significantly increased in monkeys fed a high-cholesterol diet but they were suppressed by CS-866. The relaxation response of isolated carotid arteries to acetylcholine was suppressed in the high-cholesterol group, whereas it was improved by CS-866. CONCLUSIONS CS-866 reduced lipid deposition along with the suppression of serum macrophage-colony stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-beta 1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1, and the improvement of vascular functions, suggesting that ARB has multiple mechanisms for reducing lipid deposition in primates.
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PMID:Mechanisms of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker for anti-atherosclerotic effect in monkeys fed a high-cholesterol diet. 1256 51