Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment of male guinea-pigs daily with an oral dose of 2 mg dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) sulphate/100 g body weight for 2 weeks significantly reduced the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity of erythrocytes, liver, kidney and testis. Lactate dehydrogenase activity in plasma also decreased, but L-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOT) and L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GPT) activity in plasma remained unaffected. In liver and kidney, however, a significant rise in GOT and GPT was observed. A 2- to 3-7-fold increase of C19-steroids was observed in plasma, liver and kidney. In extracts of liver and kidney more than 60% of steroids were isolated from the sulphatide fraction. Only minor changes were detected in the metabolic pattern of C19-steroids, 17-hydroxysteroids prevailing in the free and sulphatide fractions, while 17-oxosteroids predominated in the sulphate and glucuronide fractions. A slight rise of cyclic AMP concentrations in liver and kidney tissue was attributed to the inhibition of phosphodiesterase by the DHA/G-6-PDH system
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PMID:Effects of exogenous dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate on various enzymes and on steroid metabolism in the guinea-pig. 13 7

A 26 year-old man, who was treated for meningitis in our hospital previously, was rehospitalized 1 year later because he developed disturbance of consciousness, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. Blood examination revealed accelerated ESR, elevated GPT, slight elevation of serum Ca, strong positive CRP, and a decrease in PHA and Con A. ACE was within normal range and tuberculin reaction was negative. Lumbar puncture revealed that the initial pressure was 310 mmH2O, cells were 152/3, and protein was 343 mg/dl. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy was absent in chest X ray film. Head CT revealed enlarged lateral ventricles and irregularly enhancing nodular lesions in the anterior half of the falx cerebri, and abnormally strong enhancement of the choroid plexus. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed. As a diagnosis was difficult to obtain from the clinical data, biopsy of the nodular lesions was performed. The histopathologic diagnosis was sarcoidosis. Steroid hormone was administered thereafter, and the nodular lesions of the falx disappeared in the follow-up. In the literature, only 8 cases of sarcoidosis of the dura mater have been reported. Since intracranial sarcoidosis is a part of systemic sarcoidosis, its diagnosis is not difficult in most cases. However, in cases difficult to diagnose as in our case, biopsy may be necessary. When nodular lesion occurs in the dura mater, sarcoidosis must be included as a possibility in the differential diagnosis in addition to the usual meningioma, lymphoma, and metastatic brain tumor.
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PMID:[A case of dural sarcoidosis]. 160 81

The serum hormone (T3, FT3, T4, FT4, TSH, hTG, a-hTG, GH, PTH, PRL, Cortisol) concentrations, the inorganic phosphate complexes (HPO2-4, H2PO-4, NaHPO-4, KHPO-4, CaHPO4, MgHPO4) and the enzyme activities (Amylase, Lipase, AP, ACE, GOT, GPT, psi-ChE, CK, gamma-GT, LDH) were investigated in 13 haemodialysed children, 7 kidney-transplanted children and in 15 healthy controls. This study confirmed that the kidney plays an important role in the metabolism of hormones. Prior to kidney transplantation 8 of the 11 tested hormone levels of haemodialysed children significantly differed from those of healthy controls, however, after kidney transplantation only two parameters did. The effect of dialysis is the least on the CaHPO4 complex among the different inorganic phosphate complexes. This may play a role in vascular calcification in chronic renal failure patients. The amylase and lipase activity were elevated in haemodialysed group, while in kidney-transplanted children the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) differed from those of the control group.
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PMID:The serum hormone levels, phosphate complex concentrations and enzyme activities in haemodialysed and kidney-transplanted children. 169 May 69

The author studied the characteristics of ACE inhibitor-induced cough in 41 non-smoking hypertensive patients. For at least 6 months, 20 patients (10 males and 10 females) were treated with enalapril, and 21 (11 males and 10 females) with aracepril. The results were as follows. 1) ACE inhibitor-induced cough was induced in 7 cases (1 male and 6 females). The incident rate of cough was 17.1%. ACE inhibitor-induced cough was not significantly related to past allergic history or to the beta-adrenergic blocker therapy. The laboratory findings of the cough sufferers--such as eosinophil percent in venous blood, serum GOT and GPT, urea nitrogen, creatinine, renal function (PSP excretion test and creatinine clearance), and pulmonary function (%FVC, FEV1.0% and %V25)--were not significantly different from those of the non-coughers. 2) Inhibitory effects of ipratropium bromide inhalation of ACE inhibitor-induced cough were noted in 83.3% of the patients, but their coughs did not completely disappear. From these findings, the pathogenesis of this cough may be related to be as follows. The cough seems to be related to the release of acetylcholine from vagal nerve terminals or to the stimulation of irritant receptors and vagal reflex. 3) Chronic persistent cough or bronchial asthma did not occur after stopping the treatment with ACE inhibitors. The mean follow-up period was 15.6 months.
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PMID:[Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough in non-smoking hypertensive patients]. 183 7

Fibrogenic effects of amorphous quartz dusts are discussed more and more during recent years. In order to study alterations due to amorphous silica (quartz glass VP 203-006) in comparison with crystalline quartz (DQ-12), an inhalation experiment in rats was carried out. Male Wistar rats were separated in two dust exposed groups (n = 35) and one control group (n = 30). The experiment was carried out in inhalation chambers with a slowly rotating animal cage for 12 months, 7 h per day, and 5 days per week. The dust concentration was 10 mg/m3. After 4 and after 8 months of inhalation, 5 animals of each group were sacrificed. After 12 months 15 rats of the dust exposed groups and 10 controls were euthanized. The remaining animals were kept for another 12 months post-inhalation period. Regarding the macroscopical appearance of the lungs, the relative organ weights and the histomorphological reaction pattern, marked dust depending differences are obvious. In the lungs of DQ-12-exposed animals diffuse structural changes occur, including fibrosis and severe reaction of macrophages. Histology of lungs from quartz glass exposed animals reveals only a slight and focally arranged cellular reaction with a few collagenous fibers. However, in both dust exposed groups the mediastinal lymph nodes are extremely enlarged with severe fibroses. Additionally, the following blood parameters were determined: lysozyme, ACE, GOT, GPT, and AP. The most pronounced changes are detectable in lysozyme and GOT after DQ-12 exposure. After quartz glass exposure, the levels of these parameters are similar to the controls. These results show that the amorphous quartz tested in this experiment (quartz-glass VP 203-006) has to be considered as a compound with certain biological effects. The establishing of occupational standards seems to be justified. But, assessing the effects, the different physical and/or chemical properties of various amorphous quartz dusts have to be considered.
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PMID:[Comparative studies of the effect of quartz glass and quartz DQ-12 in inhalation tests in rats]. 216 66

Biochemical changes in the placenta were studied using alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in the female rat. In comparison with a control group (n = 13) the placentas of the diabetic animals (n = 12) had significantly higher glucose, glycogen and protein levels. It was, however, shown that this supply of substrate was inadequately utilised for energy, as ATP/ADP quotient was lower and the ADP content was significantly higher. Metabolism still appeared to take place under aerobic conditions, as evidenced by the unchanged lactate levels. In terms of the protein content of the placentas, the activity of the enzymes we investigated (GOT, GPT, LDH, G-6-PDH, MDH, ICDH) was lowered by 25-44%. These results support the idea of global placental insufficiency in diabetics.
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PMID:Effects of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus on the metabolism of the rat placenta. 395 50

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with vascular component (DVC) are the most prevalent forms of dementia. Both clinical entities share many similarities, but they differ in major phenotypic and genotypic profiles as revealed by structural and functional genomics studies. Comparative phenotypic studies have identified significant differences in 25% of more than 100 parametric variables, including anthropometry, cardiovascular function, aortic atherosclerosis, brain atrophy, blood pressure, blood biochemistry, hematology, thyroid function, folate and vitamin B12 levels, brain hemodynamics and lymphocyte markers. The phenotypic profile of patients with DVC differs from that of AD patients in the following: anthropometric values (weight, height); cardiovascular function (ECG, heart rate); blood pressure; lipid metabolism (HDL-CHO, TGs); uric acid metabolism; peripheral calcium homeostasis; liver function (GOT, GPT, GGT); alkaline phosphatase; lactate dehydrogenase; red and white blood cells; regional brain atrophy (left temporal region, inter-hippocampal distance); and left anterior blood flow velocity. Functional genomics studies incorporating APOE-related changes in biological markers extended the difference between AD and DVC up to 57%. Brain perfusion studies show a severe brain hypoperfusion in dementia associated with enlarged age-dependent arterial perfusion times. Structural genomics studies with AD-related genes, including APP, MAPT, APOE, PS1, PS2, A2M, ACE, AGT, cFOS and PRNP genes, demonstrate different genetic profiles in AD and DVC, with an absolute genetic variation rate ranging from 30% to 80%, depending upon genes and genetic clusters. Single gene analysis identifies relative genetic variations ranging from 0% to 5%. The relative polymorphic variation in genetic clusters integrated by two, three or four genes associated with AD ranges from 1% to 3%. The main phenotypic differences between AD and DVC are genotype-dependent, especially in AD, probably indicating that different genomic factors are determinant for the expression of dementia symptoms which might be accelerated or induced by environmental and/or cerebrovascular factors.
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PMID:Phenotypic profiles and functional genomics in Alzheimer's disease and in dementia with a vascular component. 1526 64

Constitutive genomics are probably determinant for the onset of dementia in conjunction with cerebrovascular and environmental factors. Furthermore, pharmacogenomic studies predict that the therapeutic response in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is genotype-specific, and that the expression of genes involved in the regulation of drug metabolism can influence efficacy and safety issues in pharmacotherapy. AD and dementia with a vascular component (DVC = VD + MXD) are the most prevalent forms of dementia. These clinical entities share many similarities, but they differ in major phenotypic and genotypic profiles, as revealed by structural and functional genomics studies. Comparative phenotypic studies have identified significant differences in 25% of more than 100 parametric variables, including anthropometry, cardiovascular function, aortic atherosclerosis, brain atrophy, blood pressure, blood biochemistry, hematology, thyroid function, folic acid and vitamin B(12) levels, brain hemodynamics and lymphocyte markers. The phenotypic profile of patients with DVC differs from that of AD patients in the following: (a) anthropometric values, (b) cardiovascular function, (c) blood pressure, (d) lipid metabolism, (e) uric acid levels, (f) peripheral calcium levels, (g) liver function (GOT, GPT, GGT), (h) alkaline phosphatase, (i) lactate dehydrogenase, (j) red and white blood cells, (k) regional brain atrophy (left temporal region, inter-hippocampal distance) and (l) brain blood flow velocity. Functional genomics studies incorporating APOE-related changes in biological markers extended the difference between AD and DVC up to 57%. Structural genomics studies with AD-related genes, including APP, MAPT, APOE, PS1, PS2, A2M, ACE, AGT, cFOS and PRNP genes, demonstrate different genetic profiles in AD and DVC, with an absolute genetic variation rate ranging from 30 to 80%, depending upon genes and genetic clusters. Single gene analysis identifies relative genetic variations ranging from 0 to 5%. The relative polymorphic variation in genetic clusters integrated by 2, 3 or 4 genes associated with AD ranges from 1 to 3%. The main phenotypic differences between AD and DVC are genotype-dependent, especially in AD, probably indicating that different genomic factors are essential for the expression of dementia symptoms that might be accelerated or induced by environmental and/or cerebrovascular factors.
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PMID:Genomics and phenotypic profiles in dementia: implications for pharmacological treatment. 1534 38

Interpersonal differentiation between gasterozooids and gonozooids, inHydractinia echinata, is reflected by the pattern of extractable enzyme activities. With regard to their activity levels in the different hydranths the enzymes can be arranged in two groups. In the first group the specific activities are highest in gasterozooids and decline in the order gasterozooids>male gonozooids>female gonozooids. This group includes GAPDH, LDH, ICDH, and GPT. The activities of the second group are highest in female polyps and display the inverse sequence. This group comprises CS, GOT, and GLDH. When the GAPDH levels, taken as 100 pc each, are chosen as point of reference only this second sequence can be established and is now represented by MDH, ICDH, and G-6-PDH as well. 6-PGDH activity could not be determined in adult hydranths.According to the ratio of GAPDH/CS and the LDH level the gasterozooids prefer the anaerobic glycolytic pathway whereas in the sexual hydranths relatively more substrate is supplied at the disposal of the citrate cycle. Two metabolites of the citrate cycle, ketoglutarate and succinate, are known to promote the transformation of nutritive zooids into sexual zooids. The differences observed in the activities of GOT, GLDH, and ICDH, therefore, may be correlated not only with the production of gonocytes but also with the specific type of differentiation which in sexual hydranths is governed by a specific morphogen.
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PMID:[Interpersonal differentiation of the enzymatic pattern in the polymorphic hydroidHydractinia echinata]. 2830 49