Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.15.1 (ACE)
 18,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The recognition of the peripheral state of thyroid hormones is often disturbed by factors like pharmacological interferences or non-thyroidal illness, especially borderline hyperthyroidism may often be misjudged. Some serological parameters like the measurement of sex hormone binding globulin, precollagen-peptid I and III, osteocalcin, angiotensin converting enzyme and fibronectin are often elevated in such states and can indicate thyrotoxicosis of certain tissues. Such thyrotoxicosis-like alterations can be shown also in TSH-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. In contrast to early publications there is obviously only a minor influence of levothyroxine treatment on bone metabolism, where a decrease of bone mass is less probable. Recent developments of sensitive and specific modifications in estimating antibodies against thyroidal peroxydase in recognizing thyroid autoimmune disease and of thyroglobulin in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer are becoming important tools in clinical medicine.
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PMID:[Recent parameters for diagnosis of challenging thyroid gland disorders: consequences for diagnosis and therapy]. 186 97

Serum ACE activity was examined in cases of diseases of the thyroid gland. The enzyme activity was compared with the concentration of total serum thyroxine (TT4) and total serum triiodothyronine (TT3). For this purpose the medical data of a group of healthy test persons (85 male and 85 female) were contrasted with those of a group of 162 patients attending the out-patient department for thyroid gland diseases in our hospital (28 male and 134 female, of whom 112 were aged between 21 and 60, and 50 above the age of 60). Among the patients there were 36 cases of euthyroid goiter, 59 of untreated and 36 of treated hyperthyroidism, 25 of hypothyroidism of varied genesis, and 6 patients suffering from as yet untreated thyroid cancer. We observed significant differences in ACE activity in the different groups. In cases of disorder of the thyroid gland there was a positive correlation between enzyme activity and hormone data. Where other causes which may influence its activity can be excluded, ACE reflects the effect of the hormones of the thyroid gland on the tissue. We kept under observation 15 patients suffering from thyroid cancer altogether, of whom 6 had no previous treatment, whereas in 9 thyroidectomy had been carried out, followed by radioactive iodine therapy. Irrespective of the timing of the examination, there was a significant increase in serum ACE activity (on average 365 U/l, as against 282 U/l, p less than 0.01), if metastasis had occurred.
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PMID:[Behavior of angiotensin converting enzyme in diseases of the thyroid]. 283 6

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme activities were significantly increased in 26 untreated hyperthyroid patients (20.3 +/- 5.4 U/ml; P less than 0.001) compared with healthy control subjects (13.1 +/- 2.3 U/ml). In 12 patients a significant fall in enzyme activities was observed after treatment compared with pretreatment serum ACE levels (P less than 0.001). Eight patients with hypothyroidism (15.7 +/- 5.1 U/ml) and 11 athyreotic patients, totally thyroidectomized for well-differentiated thyroid cancer, showed no significant differences in serum ACE activities (14.3 +/- 2.2 U/ml) compared with control subjects. After thyroid hormone supplementation a significant increase in serum ACE activity (P less than 0.05) was found in the athyreotic patients. Addition of increasing amounts of L-thyroxine to a serum sample of an athyreotic patient showed no significant effect on ACE activity in vitro. We suggest that the elevated serum ACE activity in hyperthyroidism is not from the thyroid gland, but represents a direct effect of thyroid hormone on ACE synthesis and/or release from endothelial cells.
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PMID:Effects of variations in thyroid hormone serum concentrations on serum ACE-activity. 299 61

Angiotensin-converting enzymes, ACE and ACE2, play not only a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure, but are involved in the processes of pathophysiology, including thyroid dysfunction or progression of several neoplasia such as cancers of skin, lungs, pancreas and leukemia. However, their role in the thyroid carcinogenesis remains unknown. We examined in this study the expression of ACE and ACE2 in thyroid tissues and their possible employment as biomarkers for thyroid cancer progression. Thyroid tissues, including 14 goiters (G), 12 follicular adenomas (FA), 10 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), 14 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and 11 undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas (UTC), were subjected to RT-PCR and protein analyses with primers or antibodies specific for ACE and ACE2, respectively. FA revealed significantly increased ACE compared to other groups and FTC was significantly higher than UTC. ACE2 was significantly increased in PTC in comparison to G, FA and UTC, and in FTC as compared to G. The ratio ACE/ACE2 decreased, while ACE2/ACE increased with the differentiation grade of thyroid carcinoma. ACE was significantly diminished in individuals older than 50. Both ACEs were significantly diminished in M1 patients, ACE2 additionally in higher tumor masses. ACE and ACE2 are regulated within thyroid benign and malignant tissues. As the transcript ratio between both enzymes correlate proportional with the differentiation status of thyroid cancer, ACE and ACE2 may serve as new markers for thyroid carcinoma.
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PMID:Angiotensin converting enzymes ACE and ACE2 in thyroid cancer progression. 3184 29