Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.11.18 (MAP)
 7,412 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary lesions following extracorporeal circulation (ECC) are said to be responsible for decreased functional residual capacity (FRC). Weaning from controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) in the postoperative period is commonly performed by a CPAP system in order to restore the impaired oxygen exchange. Testing the superiority of CPAP against insufflation at atmospheric pressure (ZEEP), 33 patients after coronary bypass grafting (CABG) underwent from the end of CMV till extubation either CPAP or ZEEP in a randomized distribution. Data sampling included respiratory rate, paO2, paCO2 and AaDO2-Quotient (gas exchange), as well as HR, MAP, CVP and LAP (hemodynamics). None of the obtained data showed statistical significant differences between the CPAP and the ZEEP group. Therefore there appears to be no necessity for CPAP when weaning CABG patients, due to the absence of previous lung damage and the short time range of intubation and CMV.
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PMID:[Weaning postoperative artificial respiration in cardiac surgery patients, CPAP versus ZEEP]. 635 47

Phosphorus plays an essential role in cellular metabolism, especially in the oxidative phosphorylation process and in the synthesis of 2-3 DPG and membrane phospholipids. Moreover phosphorus is necessary as a buffer, mainly when the organism's principal buffer, the H2CO3/HCO3- system, is working at maximal rate. The authors describe a case of severe hypophosphatemia in a ICU patient with a mixed disorder of the acid-base balance. C.P., a woman, aged 71, obese (IBW 145%), at admission in ICU showed increasing dyspnea, hypoxemia and acidosis. Besides alkaline drugs a Venturi mask with FiO2 = 0.3 alternated to CPAP cycles (7 cm H2O) with facial mask applied. Bading on CVP, MAP and ABG results, a pharmacologic therapy with enoximone, furosemide, bronchodilators, mucolytics, antacids, antibiotics and inotropics was performed. TPN with only essential amino acids was performed, in order to activate lipolysis and ketogenesis; but the ABG showed over again mixed disorder of acid-base balance (metabolic and chronic respiratory acidosis), only partially leading to ketogenesis. The reduction of the hematic HCO3-, without changes of PaCO2, was justified by the blood lactic acid of 6.2 mmol/L. And what about blood lactic acid increase? During patient hospitalization, the hematic phosphorus had decreased to, 0.8 mg/dl. Diuretic therapy together with acidosis tamponage, and reduced phosphorus feed had been responsible of severe hypo-phosphatemia. Therapy adjustments brought the phosphatemia to normal values and to a substantial improvement of clinical conditions.
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PMID:[Severe hypophosphatemia in intensive care]. 761 39

The p38 family of MAP kinases (p38-MAPKs) is involved in regulating the proliferation, survival, and migration of various cancer cells. The present study has investigated the expression, subcellular localization, phosphorylation, and activity of p38-MAPKs in normal and tumoural human thyroid tissues and in thyroid cell lines. The expression and nucleo-cytosolic compartmentalization of the alpha-isoform of p38-MAPKs (p38alpha-MAPK) were studied by western blotting in the WRO and B-CPAP cell lines, which are derived from human follicular and papillary thyroid carcinomas, respectively, and in the non-transformed rat thyroid cell lines FRTL-5 and PCCL3. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression and subcellular localization of p38alpha-MAPK, and of the phosphorylated forms of p38-MAPKs (P-p38-MAPKs) in human toxic adenomas (TAs), follicular adenomas (FAs), papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), and follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs). The activity of p38-MAPKs in PTCs and FTCs was revealed by immunohistochemical detection of their typical phosphorylated substrate, MAPK-activated protein kinase 2/3 (MK2/3). p38alpha-MAPK was expressed in all cell lines and this expression was restricted to the cytosolic compartment. p38 MAPK activity was involved in regulating DNA synthesis in B-CPAP cells. p38alpha-MAPK and P-p38-MAPKs were strongly expressed in PTC and FTC cells, although only in the cytoplasm, whereas they were only very weakly expressed in FA cells, and absent in adjacent normal tissues. They were also expressed at a high level in TAs, but they were found in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Finally, phospho-MK2/3 immunostaining followed very similar patterns to those of p38alpha-MAPK and P-p38-MAPKs in PTCs and FTCs. Taken together, these results show for the first time that the p38-MAPK signalling cascade is functional in two types of differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid. The observation that p38-MAPK hyper-expression occurs in FTC, but not in FA, may provide an additional diagnostic tool for malignancy in some thyroid nodules.
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PMID:High-level expression, activation, and subcellular localization of p38-MAP kinase in thyroid neoplasms. 1682 48

The cardiopulmonary effects of one-lung ventilation (OLV), with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP, 5 cm H2O) to the nonventilated lung, were compared to the effects of two-lung ventilation (TLV) in 12 supine patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Monitoring was performed with electrocardiography (ECG), arterial, and pulmonary artery catheters. Measurements of cardiac index (CI), heart rate (HR), systemic (MAP) and pulmonary artery pressures (PAP), pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), and arterial blood for pH, PaO2, PaCO2 and HCO3- were performed with stable maintenance of anesthesia during both one- and two-lung ventilation. Mean values for CI, HR, MAP, MPAP, PVR, and SvO2 demonstrated no significant changes between OLV and TLV; systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) were statistically (P < 0.05) different, but of minor clinical significance. The data suggest that OLV, accompanied by CPAP (5 cm H2O) to the nonventilated lung, produces minimal changes in cardiopulmonary measurements in supine patients.
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PMID:Cardiopulmonary effects of one-lung ventilation in supine patients. 1717 55