Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.11.18 (MAP)
 7,412 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in hemodynamics, plasma catecholamines, and PRA in response to controlled hypotension induced with ISDN (n = 10, mean dose 15.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) and NTG (n = 7, mean dose 5.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) were studied during neuroleptanesthesia in patients undergoing facial and neck surgery. Before the commencement of vasodilator infusion the patients were pretreated with metoprolol 0.1 mg kg-1. In addition, enflurane was used to obtain the desired hypotensive level. During ISDN induced hypotension, MAP was reduced from 83 to 63 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). Continuous infusion of NTG resulted in a decrease of MAP from 81 to 53 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). In both groups, HR decreased by 10% (p less than 0.05). For both vasodilators the reduction of MAP was associated with a marked decrease in SVRI (p less than 0.01), while Cl remained largely unchanged. The hemodynamic responses to the two vasodilators were similar, except that NTG reduced PAMP (p less than 0.01) and increased intrapulmonary shunt volume (p less than 0.01). The anesthetic technique attenuated catecholamine and renin release, suppressed reflex tachycardia, and prevented rebound hypertension.
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PMID:Hemodynamic and hormonal response to induced hypotension with isosorbide dinitrate and nitroglycerin during anesthesia. 642 Oct 7

In low-output cardiac failure with hypertension developing early after aortocoronary surgery, the currently preferred vasodilators nitroglycerin and nitroprusside proved to be equally successful and safe for the closed-loop control of mean arterial pressure. With NP- and NTG-induced MAP reduction to the present level of 80 mm Hg cardiac index increased similarly from 2.0 +/- 0.35 to 2.4 +/- 0.3 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.05) and from 1.9 +/- 0.29 to 2.2 +/- 0.26 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.05), respectively. Once adequate blood pressure fall was obtained, the addition of dobutamine at 6 micrograms/kg/min resulted under maintenance doses of NP and NTG averaging 1.6 +/- 0.4 and 4.6 +/- 1.8 micrograms/kg/min, respectively. A further improvement of cardiac performance manifested itself by cardiac index rise to 3.4 +/- 0.4 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.005) and 3.3 +/- 0.3 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.001), respectively. The NP-Db and NTG-Db regimens induced comparable reductions of rate - pressure-products reflecting a decrease of myocardial oxygen demands and facilitation of myocardial work.
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PMID:Hemodynamic equivalence of automated nitroglycerin- and nitroprusside-infusions combined with dobutamine for augmentation of cardiac output in patients following aorta coronary bypass-operation. 643 93

We compared the effects of angiotensin II (AII), enalapril, and losartan given by acute intravenous (i.v.) injection, on cardiac baroreflex sensitivity in two groups of conscious normotensive rabbits bred for high gain [> 5 beats/min/mm Hg] (group I) and low gain [< 4 beats/min/mm Hg] (group II) of the mean arterial blood pressure-heart rate (MAP/HR) relationship, respectively. Full sigmoid barocurves were produced in 62 rabbits by i.v. injection of phenylephrine (PE 1-15 micrograms/kg) and nitroglycerin (NTG 1-20 micrograms/kg) after pretreatment with saline or with AII, enalapril, or losartan. In group II, AII had a biphasic effect on baroreflex sensitivity; at 10 and 50 ng/kg/min, it increased the gain from 3.47 +/- 0.21 to 4.75 +/- 0.44 and 5.13 +/- 0.28 beats/min/mm Hg (p < 0.05 and p < 0.025, respectively), but had no effect at 100 ng/kg/min. BP increased in these rabbits by 11.5, 10, and 23 mm Hg after these three doses. In group I, AII 50 ng/kg/min increased BP by 8 mm Hg, (p < 0.05) and decreased gain from 6.13 +/- 0.32 to 4.75 +/- 0.44 beats/min/mm Hg (p < 0.01). Therefore, AII 50 ng/kg/min equalized baroreflex sensitivity in the two groups. In group II, both losartan (2.5 mg/kg) and enalapril (1 mg/kg) decreased BP by 8.6 +/- 1.0 1.0 and 10.2 +/- 2.1 mm Hg, (p < 0.01), respectively, and increased the gain by 1-2 beats/min/mm Hg; the drugs did not influence baroreflex sensitivity to any significant extent in group I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparison of the effects of angiotensin II, losartan, and enalapril on baroreflex control of heart rate in conscious rabbits. 776 20