Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A crude proteoglycan fraction isolated from chicken embryos has an affinity for the vegetalizing factor, which induces mesodermal and endodermal tissues in gastrula ectoderm of Triturus alpestris. Binding of the factor to the crude proteoglycan results in inactivation of the vegetalizing factor. The crude proteoglycan was centrifuged in CsCl and CsCl-urea density gradients. Most of the inactivating material was recovered from the gradients in the high density proteoglycan fraction. Part of the inactivating material was found in glycoproteins of lower density. It is concluded that not all of the polysaccharide moiety of the proteoglycan is involved in binding of the vegetalizing factor. The proteoglycan is inactivated by incubation with hyaluronidase.
Med Biol 1978 Dec
PMID:A proteoglycan with affinity for the vegetalizing factor: characterization by density gradient centrifugation. 73 67

Pasteurella multocida was isolated from 42 of the 135 (31%) deep nasal swabs from clinically healthy conventional rabbits supplied by two vendors. The prevalences were significantly different among sex, age, and sources. The females and adults had higher prevalences when compared to males and juveniles, respectively. One vendor's rabbits had a prevalence of 41% while the other had 20%. Biochemically, only 24% of the 42 isolates decarboxylated L-ornithine, and 55% produced indol. All isolates were sensitive in vitro to several of the commonly used antibiotics, but most isolates were resistant to lincomycin, streptomycin, and sulfonamides. Typing with a hyaluronidase inhibition test revealed that 28 of the 42 (67%) isolates were type A. Type A was the major type isolate, whether the samples came from healthy rabbits or from rabbits with pyogenic lesions. The acriflavine flocculation test showed that two of the 42 (5%) isolates were type D. Although none of the 42 isolates were positive to both hyalurondase and acriflavine tests, 12 of the 42 (29%) isolates were negative to both tests, indicating that these isolates were not typeable by these two methods. The demonstration of more than one capsular type of Pasteurella multocida in rabbits indicates the need for more extensive studies on this important rabbit pathogen.
Lab Anim Sci 1978 Dec
PMID:Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolates from the nares of healthy rabbits with pneumonia. 75 Jul 29

Electrophoretic and chromatographic separations of the salivary secretion of Amblyomma hebraeum showed a less complex protein pattern than that of Ornithodoros savignyi. A hyaluronidase active component was isolated. The haemolymph protein pattern showed a major protein fraction with a mobility slightly faster than that of bovine serum albumin.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1978 Dec
PMID:Proteins and free amino acids in the salivary secretion and haemolymph of the tick Amblyomma hebraeum. 75 23

The chorionic villi of placentas, 10 to 40 weeks of gestation, were examined for A and B blood group antigens with an immunoferritin technique. No specific ferritin attachment was shown on the plasma membrane of the villous trophoblasts. Furthermore, after trophoblast cell-surface mucosubstances (perhaps the barrier of the placental antigenicity, according to some authors) were digested with several enzymes, such as neuraminidase, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, pepsin, trypsin, and pronase, no ferritin tagging was observed on the plasma membrane of the villous trophoblasts. We have concluded that our failure to detect the A and B blood group antigens was not due to the masking of antigens by mucosubstance coating the trophoblasts, but was due to the intrinsic deficit of those antigens in the plasma membrane of the human trophoblasts.
Lab Invest 1976 Dec
PMID:Innumoelectron microscopy of the human chorionic villus in search of blood group A and B antigens. 79 65

The effect of orchidectomy in male rabbits and administration of testosterone to orchidectomized animals on the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) has been studied. The response of the different GAG fractions in the aorta varies with the nature of the GAG, and in some cases is different in different segments of the aorta. Orchidectomy produced an increase in hyaluronic acid fraction, decrease in heparin sulphate fraction, and no response in the chondroitin sulphate A fraction in the aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. Chondroitin sulphate C and chondroitin sulphate B fractions decreased only in the abdominal aorta and were not significantly altered in the other two segments, while heparin fraction decreased only in the thoracic aorta and was not affected in the other segments. Administration of testosterone to the orchidectomized animals counteracted these changes in the aortic GAG fractures. The enzymes concerned with the synthesis of precursors of GAG--L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase, UDPG dehydrogenase, and UDPG pyrophosphorylase-- all decreased in the orchidectomized animals; testosterone administration increased their activity in the orchidectomized animals. Enzymes concerned with degradation of GAG--beta-glucuronidase, beta-hexosaminidase, aryl sulphatase, cathepsin, and hyaluronidase--increased in the orchidectomized and decreased on administration of testosterone. Concentration of PAPS and activity of sulphate-activating system and sulphotransferase also decreased in the orchidectomized animals, and testosterone administration tended to restore this decrease to normal levels.
Metabolism 1976 Dec
PMID:Sex hormones and metabolism of glycosaminoglycans. I. Effect of orchidectomy and administration of testosterone in rabbits. 99 37

A method is described for the isolation of heteropolysaccharides from human supragingival calculus. One component was identified as hyaluronic acid, by electrophoretic mobility, testicular hyaluronidase digestion and cetylpyridinium chloride profiles. No sulphated glycosaminoglycans were detected.
Calcif Tissue Res 1976 Dec 22
PMID:Hyaluronic acid in supragingival dental calculus. 100 Mar 56

Three lysosomal polysaccharidases were measured in synovial fluid (SF) and serum from rheumatoid (RA) patients, SF from osteoarthritic (OA) patients, and serum from healthy volunteers. (1) There was no correlation between the enzyme levels and white cell counts in the SF. (2) beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase were markedly elevated in the SF of RA as compared to OA. (3) beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase levels in the SF of RA correlated well with each other but not with hyaluronidase. (4) beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase levels were higher in the SF of RA than in the corresponding serum, while the converse was true for hyaluronidase. (5) Hyaluronidase levels were significantly higher in RA serum than in normal serum. These results suggest that the synovial membrane may be the source of beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, while hyaluronidase is derived from a source remote from the joint via the serum. This source of hyaluronidase may be the liver. (J Rheumatol 2: 393-400, 1975).
J Rheumatol 1975 Dec
PMID:The origins and relative distribution of polysaccharidases in rheumatoid and osteoarthritic fluids. 120 71

The structure of dermatan [35S]sulphate-chondroitin [35S]sulphate copolymers synthesized and secreted by fibroblasts in culture was studied. 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycans were isolated from the medium, a trypsin digest of the cells and the cell residue after 72h of 35SO42-incorporation. The galactosaminoglycan component (dermatan sulphatechondroitin sulphate copolymers) was isolated and subjected to various degradation procedures including digestion with testicular hyaluronidase, chondroitinase-AC and-ABC and periodate oxidation followed by alkaline elimination. The galactosaminoglycans from the various sources displayed significant structural differences with regard to the distribution of various repeating units, i.e. IdUA-GalNAc-SO4 (L-iduronic acid-N-acetyl-galactosamine sulphate), GlcUA-GalNAc-SO4 (D-glucuronic acid-N-acetylgalactosamine-sulphate) and IdUA(-SO4)-GalNAc (L-iduronosulphate-N-acetylgalactosamine). The galactosaminoglycans of the cell residue contained larger amounts of IdUA-GalNAc-SO4 than did those isolated from the medium or those released by trypsin. In contrast, the glycans from the latter 2 sources contained large proportions of periodate-resistant repeat periods [GlcUA-GalNAc-SO4 and IdUA(-SO4)-GalNAc]. Periods containing L-iduronic acid sulphate were particularly prominent in copolymers found in the medium. Kinetic studies indicated that the 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycan of the cell residue accumulated radioactivity more slowly than did the glycans of other fractions, indicating that the material remaining with the cells was not exclusively a precursor of the secreted polymers. The presence of copolymers rich in glucuronic acid or iduronic acid sulphate residues in the soluble fractions may be the result of selective secretion from the cells. Alternatively, extracellular, polymer-level modifications such as C-5 inversion of L-iduronic acid to D-glucuronic acid, or sulphate rearrangements, would yield similar results.
Biochem J 1975 Dec
PMID:The copolymeric structure of dermatan sulphate produced by cultured human fibroblasts. Different distribution of iduronic acid and glucuronic acid-containing units in soluble and cell-associated glycans. 121 88

The primary hyperplastic nature of palisaded encapsulated neuromas (PENs) has been recently challenged by suggesting a traumatic origin. We studied eight cases of traumatic neuroma (TN) and 12 cases of PEN by routine light-microscopic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical methods to assess evidence of previous tissue injury. Sections from the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, trichrome, elastic, reticulin, Giemsa, colloidal iron (with and without hyaluronidase), and Bielschowsky silver stains. Antibodies were applied to collagen types I, III, and IV, MAC 387, factor XIIIa, alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), Leu-7, and myelin basic protein using ABC techniques. We found that (a) in TN the individual fascicles were usually surrounded by perineurial cells, whereas in PEN the perineurial cells were observed mainly in the capsular areas and only rarely within the fascicles as evidenced by EMA antibodies; (b) histochemically TN contained considerably larger amounts of collagen (types I and III), acidic mucin, and myelin products than did PEN; and (c) neither PEN nor TN contained increased inflammatory cells or cells positive for factor XIIIa, MAC 387, or A1AT. We conclude that (a) there are substantial structural and histochemical differences between TN and PEN, (b) the changes suggest that the classic form of PEN has a different histogenesis than TN, and (c) on histologic grounds, chronic minor trauma could not be excluded as an etiologic factor for PEN.
Am J Dermatopathol 1992 Dec
PMID:Comparative light-microscopic and immunohistochemical study of traumatic and palisaded encapsulated neuromas of the skin. 128 69

In frog cutaneous-pectoris muscles the frequency of slowly rising atypical miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) was significantly enhanced after collagenase (0.1%) treatment. Treatment with trypsin, hyaluronidase, hyper- and hypoosmotic solutions caused no changes in slowly rising MEPP (frequency in muscle fibers with intact acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Inhibition of AChE caused appearance of giant MEPPs. Acceleration of acetylcholine diffusion from synaptic cleft after treatment with hyaluronidase decreased giant MEPP frequency demonstrating their dependence upon nonhydrolyzed acetylcholine in synaptic cleft. The relation between slowly rising MEPPs and activity of synaptic Schwann cells in discussed.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1992 Dec
PMID:[Atypical endplate miniature potentials in the frog neuromuscular junction after modification of the intercellular matrix and osmotic exposures]. 129 72


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