Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study of water soluble proteins of Trichinella spiralis has discovered for the first time some protein fractions having neiraminedase, haemagglutinative and cytotoxic activities. The presence of hyaluronidase was confirmed and its activity both for water soluble and cuticle proteins of the trichinella was examined. The haemagglutinin and cytotoxin of the trichinella have an antigen specificity. The presence of active molecules is considered as the factors of pathogenicity. These pathogenic factors were discovered in the invading larvae and adult Trichinella, while they were not found in young larvae.
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PMID:[The detection of pathogenicity factors in the nematode Trichinella spiralis at different stages of its development]. 898 36

To establish a method of evaluating propolis, the effects of the ethanol and water extracts from various collecting of propolis from different countries and plant sources on hyaluronidase activity were investigated along with their absorption spectra and specific absorbance (E(1%)1 cm value). The relations between the hyaluronidase inhibitory activities of these extracts and their E(1%)1 cm values were also examined, and the following was found: 1) the enzyme inhibitory activities of the ethanol extracts were more potent than those of the water extracts; 2) the enzyme inhibitory activities of the ethanol extracts from Araucaria angustifolia (BERT.) O. KTZE were low compared with those of other ethanol extracts; 3) the enzyme inhibitory activities of all the ethanol extracts correlated excellently with their E(1%)1 cm values, but in the water extracts, they decreased with increase in E(1%)1 cm values; 4) the water extracts of Chinese propolis from Hebei, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Zhejiang Provinces inhibited weakly compared with that from Brazilian and other Chinese propolis; 5) the shapes of absorption bands of the propolis extracts and the E(1%)1 cm values were approximately dependent on the place or the plant source from which propolis was collected. These experimental results indicated that, for the exact evaluation of propolis, the enzymatic method, measuring the hyaluronidase inhibitory activity, was superior to the physicochemical method.
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PMID:Evaluation of propolis. I. Evaluation of Brazilian and Chinese propolis by enzymatic and physico-chemical methods. 917 28

During pregnancy, hyaluronic acid (HA) concentration in the human cervix is very low, but increases rapidly at the onset of labour. HA has a high affinity for water molecules and hence can maintain tissue hydration. HA can stimulate collagenase production in rabbit cervix, and also stimulates migration and function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the tissues. It is an endogenous regulator of interleukin-1 (IL-1). We hypothesized that HA plays an essential role during cervical ripening. The effect of exogenous application of HA (20 mg) on non-pregnant and pregnant (day 23) rabbit cervices was compared with controls. HA induced cervical ripening in both pregnant and non-pregnant animals, and cervical water content was significantly increased. Tissue collagen was markedly decreased. The localization and distribution of HA and HA receptor CD44 was determined in non-pregnant and pregnant human cervical connective tissue using biotinylated HA binding protein and CD44 monoclonal antibodies. Both were widely distributed in the connective tissues, especially around the blood vessels and cervical glands. The effect of IL-8 (50, 100, 150 and 200 ng/ml) on HA production and hyaluronidase (HAase) activity was investigated in cultures of lower uterine segment collected during elective Caesarean sections. HA production was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner; there was no effect on hyaluronidase activity. HA administration (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml) stimulated the activities of collagenase and gelatinase together with IL-8 production in the culture supernatants. Thus HA may play an important role in cervical ripening, being involved in the regulation of cervical tissue water content, collagenolytic enzymes and cytokines.
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PMID:The role of hyaluronic acid as a mediator and regulator of cervical ripening. 919 70

Experiments were undertaken to develop intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to produce caprine embryos out of the normal breeding season. Oocytes were obtained from 2-6 mm ovarian follicles at slaughter. Selected oocytes with two to four layers of cumulus cells were incubated in 1 ml of H-TCM199 supplemented with 10 micrograms each of oFSH and bLH (NHPP, NIDDK, NICHD, USDA) and 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in a thermos (38.5 degrees C) for 4.5 h during transportation. Then, oocytes were transferred into 75 microliters of freshly prepared maturation medium under paraffin oil and a mixture of 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Approximately 26 h after recovery oocytes were denuded by incubation with hyaluronidase (100 IU/ml) and pipetting and held at 38.5 degrees C for 90 min. Spermatozoa frozen in egg yolk extender were thawed in a 37 degrees C water bath for 15 s. Motile fractions were selected by swim-up, then incubated for 90 min in TALP with 10 micrograms heparin/ml. Each oocyte was positioned with its first polar body at 6 or 12 o'clock by a holding pipette. Sperm (1 microliter) were added to 10 microliters medium containing 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone. A sperm cell was aspirated into a pipette, and then injected head-first into the cytoplasm of an oocyte maintained in H-TCM199 + 20% FBS at 37 degrees C. Injected oocytes were transferred to HM and, after 90 min, cultured in 50 microliters of BSA-free synthetic oviduct fluid plus polyvinyl alcohol, citrate and non-essential amino acids. Results demonstrate that caprine blastocysts can be produced outside the breeding season by the use of frozen-thawed semen and injection of sperm cells with broken tails into ova followed by culture in defined medium.
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PMID:Caprine blastocyst formation following intracytoplasmic sperm injection and defined culture. 946 Sep 11

Hyaluronidase is a protein whose enzymatic activity is successfully employed in extravasation therapy. Taking into account that several proteins (e.g. gelatin and albumin) have been employed as natural polymers for the preparation of microspheres, this work approaches a comprehensive investigation on hyaluronidase injectable microparticles. The goals are either to obtain a sustained release preparation of hyaluronidase or to use the enzyme as drug carrier. Microspheres have been prepared using a water-in-oil emulsification technique, and they have been crosslinked either by thermal or chemical means. Results show that hyaluronidase microspheres with good morphological characteristics can be obtained by this preparation method. Manufacturing variables influence the enzymatic activity of the microspheres, which can be highly preserved under mild experimental conditions. Moreover, the suitability of this enzyme as a microparticulate drug carrier has been shown by the successful encapsulation of hydrocortisone sodium succinate.
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PMID:Hyaluronidase-injectable microparticles intended for the treatment of extravasation. 946 10

Negative charged sites in the normal rabbit articular cartilage were investigated using cationic colloidal iron methods. In light microscopy of the cartilage stained with the colloidal iron at pH 1.5, a distinct Prussian blue reaction was observed in the pericellular matrix, and a weak blue reaction in the territorial and interterritorial matrices. At pH 7.0, a diffuse Prussian blue reaction was observed in the pericellular and interterritorial matrices. Digestion with chondroitinase ABC, hyaluronidase and keratanase could not erase the Prussian blue reaction. However, the sections digested with collagenase followed by chondroitinase ABC showed significant elimination of the Prussian blue reaction. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections stained with the colloidal iron at pH 1.5 revealed that the cationic colloid particles were deposited abundantly in the pericellular matrix and dotted along collagen fibrils in the territorial and interterritorial matrices. The present results suggest that negatively charged sites in the articular cartilage derive mostly from chondroitin sulfate, whose proteoglycans firmly bind to collagen fibrils. Such an ultrastructure may maintain the electrostatic microenvironment in the collagen plexus, holding much water in the cartilage matrix, and also producing biomechanical properties such as tensile strength and elasticity of the cartilage.
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PMID:Negative charges bound to collagen fibrils in the rabbit articular cartilage: a light and electron microscopic study using cationic colloidal iron. 947 52

This study is designed to evaluate the effect of hyaluronidase on the canine myocardial edema derived from ischemia/reperfusion injury. The mongrel dog's heart received 90 minutes of ischemia under cardiopulmonary bypass consisting of 30 minutes of normothermia alone and 60 minutes of hypothermia with cardioplegic arrest. Reperfusion for 60 minutes was added thereafter. Two kinds of cardioplegic solution, 4 degrees C St. Thomas' Hospital solution with or without 3000 units/L of hyaluronidase, were prepared. The solution was given antegradely every 30 minutes during cardioplegic arrest. Cardiac lymph was collected continuously from the afferent duct of the cardiac lymph node by cannulation. Hyaluronidase in the cardioplegic solution increased cardiac lymph volume significantly and improved postischemic recovery of cardiac function. A high level of adenosine triphosphate was maintained at that time. The myocardial water content at the end of reperfusion revealed a minimum increase with hyaluronidase use. Active drainage of cardiac lymph by hyaluronidase alleviates the myocardial edema formation, thereby preserving cardiac function.
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PMID:Experimental study of cardiac lymph dynamics and edema formation in ischemia/reperfusion injury--with reference to the effect of hyaluronidase. 955 33

Bovine articular cartilage and synovial fluid (SF) were co-incubated with one of three enzymes selected to destroy each of the three major contenders for the active ingredient imparting such remarkable load-bearing lubrication to the normal joint. Destroying hyaluronic acid (HA), alias hyaluronan, with hyaluronidase, both frictional and wear tests displayed no significant change in accordance with most previous studies of SF alone. Destroying surface-active phospholipid (SAPL) with phospholipase A2, there was a highly significant dose-dependent compromise of lubrication as recorded on both tests. Trypsin produced a somewhat surprising result in that lubrication of the cartilage actually improved. This result can be interpreted as indicating that lubricin is not the lubricant per se, but, as a water-soluble, macromolecular, proteinaceous carrier for phospholipid, its destruction caused more SAPL to be deposited as the true load-bearing lubricant. These results are discussed in the context that SAPL, lubricin and HA each have specific roles in a comprehensive lubrication system.
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PMID:Enzymatic identification of the load-bearing boundary lubricant in the joint. 956 67

The vanadium is a metallic oligoelement present in the majority of tissues. Its abnormal biological disposal environment can be related with its possible teratogenicity and alteration in the contents of glycosaminoglycans acids (GAGs), which participate in the morphological processes and the maturation of Central Nervous System (CNS). The proposal of the project is to analyze the teratogenic effect of ammonium metavanadate (AMV) and its action on the GAGs in the CNS of the litter of albino rats. The ammonium metavanadate was diluted in distilled water in concentration of 100 and 200 ppm, drunk by the rats since their birth and/or weaning to adult age, except during the matching and gestation. The animals control drunk water without this metal. The litter were analyzed to detect possible congenital malformations, then CNS were removed of descendents and were processed by light microscope, cuts of 6 u were stained with H/E; Alcian Blue pH 3.5 and 5.6, this last one concentrations of C12Mg from 0.05 M to until 1.0 M. Previously parallels sections were treated with testicular hyaluronidase. The macroscopic analysis of the new born rats that came from rats that received AMV in concentrations 100 and 200 ppm, resulted in congenital anomalies like unilateral hypoplasia of olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemisphere. The microscopic analysis revealed changes in the layers patron of olfactory bulbs and an increased of alcianophilia in the pH 5.6 to 0.2 M MgC12, in the extracellular matrix of CNS of rats descendents treated with AMV to the dose 200 ppm, sensibles to the testicular hyaluronidase, corresponding to hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin 4 and/or 6 sulphate (C4S or C6S) of low grade of sulphation. These results suggest that the AMV given to albino rats has a teratogenic result when it is used before the gestation and for long periods of animals life that alter the of GAGs of CNS contents during the development.
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PMID:[Teratogenic effects of ammonium metavanadate on the CNS of the offspring of albino rats. A histological and histochemical study]. 965 Apr 61

In this paper, we investigated the inhibitory effects of water extracts from sixty-six natural medicines on the enzymes related to the skin, which were tyrosinase, hyaluronidase and collagenase. To clarify the inhibitory components in water extracts, tannin quantity and the inhibitory activity of the water extracts after removal of phenolic compounds using polyclar AT, were measured. Twelve kinds of natural medicines were found to have tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Six of them showed that tannin, which contains sufficient amounts in extracts, might be major inhibitory compounds due to a significant decrease of inhibition by these samples after removal of phenolic compounds. The inhibitory compound of Aurantii fructus immaturus was thought phenolic compounds except tannin. The inhibitory compounds may include Armeniacae semen, Perillae folium and Persicae semen besides a phenolic compound. Twenty-seven species among the natural medicines studied showed inhibitory activity on hyaluronidase. Phenolic compounds in these extracts except Artemisiae argyi folium, could not be candidates for hyaluronidase inhibitors. Seven kinds of the natural medicines have inhibitory activity on collagenase. It was estimated that these inhibitory compounds were phenolic compounds. These results are to be expected for finding novel compounds for skin disease or skin-care cosmetics.
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PMID:[Inhibitory effects of natural medicines on the enzymes related to the skin]. 977 3


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