Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of several neurohumoral agents and serine proteases on glycoconjugate release from hamster tracheal organ cultures were assessed. The beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol inhibited glycoconjugate release, and its effect was abolished by the specific beta-blocking agent propranolol. A cholinergic agonist, pilocarpine, marginally increased glycoconjugate release, and its effect was abolished by the antagonist atropine. Human neutrophil elastase and porcine pancreatic trypsin consistently increased glycoconjugate release by 1.8 to 2.8-fold. When the proteases were inactivated, they were no longer effective in stimulating glycoconjugate release. Histologic and electron microscopic analysis of the protease-treated organ cultures revealed no discernible toxic reaction. In addition, organ cultures prelabeled with chromium 51 did not release an increased amount of radioactivity when treated with the proteases. Biochemical analysis of the glycoconjugates released into the culture medium showed them to be of high molecular weight (90% eluted in the void volume of a Sepharose 6B column) and to be resistant to digestion with hyaluronidase and heparinase, properties consistent with mucous glycoproteins. The mechanism of protease-induced glycoconjugate release is unknown. We speculate that stimulation of airway secretory cells by serine proteases of neutrophilic or other inflammatory cell origin may play a role in the increased airway secretion that is characteristic of acute tracheobronchitis.
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PMID:Serine proteases stimulate mucous glycoprotein release from hamster tracheal ring organ culture. 287 41

The parallel fiber "en passant" synaptic endings of mouse cerebellar molecular layer have shown by means of transmission electron microscopy, the presence of an electron dense extravesicular material in samples perfused with Alcian blue. This alcianophilic material was digested in cerebellar tissue previously treated with testicular hyaluronidase, suggesting the presence of hyaluronic acid or chondroitin 4- or 6-sulphate. Freeze-fractured Rhesus monkey cerebellar cortex prepared for conventional scanning electron microscopy also revealed the presence in fractured synaptic varicosities of parallel fibers of a high mass density material, in which the synaptic vesicles are embedded. Examination of cryofractured primate cerebellar cortex coated with thin chromium films, 1-2 nm thick, in the high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope showed the SE-I topographic contrast of an extravesicular material deposited in axoplasmic matrix of fractured parallel synaptic endings. The precise localization of this material corresponds to that observed in transmission electron microscopy and conventional freeze-fracture scanning electron microscopy. These electron microscopic findings tend to agree with the omnipresence in several vertebrates of a presynaptic axoplasmic material, which seems to be proteoglycan in nature.
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PMID:Proteoglycan ultracytochemistry and conventional and high resolution scanning electron microscopy of vertebrate cerebellar parallel fiber presynaptic endings. 781 87

In Indian traditional medicine, peacock feather in the form of ash (Bhasma) or water extract are used against snakebite and to treat various problems associated with lungs. This study was aimed to evaluate the water extract of peacock feather (PCF) against the local tissue damage caused due to snakebite. PCF water extract showed inhibition towards phospholipase A2 enzyme activity from snake venom (Naja naja and Vipera russelii), inflammatory fluids (synovial, pleural, ascites) and normal serum in a dose-dependent manner. Hyaluronidase and proteases are other major enzymes in snake venoms responsible for local tissue damage. PCF water extract inhibited hyaluronidase and proteolytic enzyme activities from Vipera russelii, Naja naja and Trimeresurus malabaricus venom. The active principle is a hydrophilic molecule easily extractable in water or polar solvents. PCF water extract gave positive results for the presence of protein and secondary metabolites like carotenoids and steroids. Analysis of metal ions revealed that iron is the major ion (> 20-fold). Other metal ions detected in smaller amount are copper, chromium, zinc and nickel. The least amount of ion detected is gold. Co-injection of PCF water extract with snake venom and inflammatory PLA2 enzymes neutralize the edema inducing activity of all the PLA2 enzymes studied. Since it inhibits hyaluronidase and proteases enzyme activity from snake venom PCF water extract is a powerful neutralizing agent, which has therapeutic application against venom toxicity.
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PMID:Use of Pavo cristatus feather extract for the better management of snakebites: neutralization of inflammatory reactions. 1589 32