Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The patch-clamp technique for recording single-channel currents across cell membranes was applied to single turtle colon epithelial cells isolated with hyaluronidase. With electrodes fabricated from Corning #7052 glass, high-resistance seals were consistently formed to these cells. In on-cell patches with low K (2.5 mM) in the pipette and high K (114.5 mM) in the bath, outward K currents were recorded that had a slope conductance of 17 pS and a reversal potential greater than -70 mV. Currents through this K channel were blocked by lidocaine, quinidine, and barium. These agents also block a cell swelling-induced K conductance identified by macroscopic current measurements in the basolateral membranes of the intact colonic epithelium, suggesting that the 17 pS K channel identified by single-channel recording in isolated turtle colon cells may be responsible for this macroscopically defined K conductance.
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PMID:Single potassium channels blocked by lidocaine and quinidine in isolated turtle colon epithelial cells. 242 32

Methods for the analysis of urinary GAGs that can be used for or are applicable to routine assays are described. The most popular method for isolation of GAGs from a urine sample is CPC precipitation, in spite of the fact that it is time-consuming. To identify the different types of GAGs excreted, separation by one-dimensional cellulose acetate electrophoresis followed by staining with alcian blue or toluidine blue may suffice for routine purposes. Solvents such as barium acetate, calcium acetate, barbital buffer and pyridine-formic acid are used for the separation. However, the separation of the seven types of GAGs by conventional one-dimensional electrophoresis is difficult, and a discontinuous electrophoretic method with barium acetate buffer and barium acetate buffer containing ethanol has proved effective for the separation. HPLC separation methods are used for assaying the profiles of enzymatic digestion products of GAGs. Advanced HPLC methods for separating intact GAGs of different types are currently unavailable. Unsaturated disaccharides produced with heparitinase and/or heparinase from heparan sulphate and oligosaccharides produced by hyaluronidase digestion of hyaluronic acid can be separated by HPLC. For chondroitin sulphate isomers, unsaturated disaccharides produced by digestion of the samples with chondroitinase ABC or chondroitinase AC are separated by HPLC and determined by their UV absorbance or by fluorescence labelling. Highly sensitive quantitation of chondroitin sulphate isomers is possible by these methods, which are also efficient for the investigation of the constituents of GAG polymers. Some of these methods have been applied to urine samples from patients with, e.g., mucopolysaccharidoses.
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PMID:Methods for analysis of urinary glycosaminoglycans. 306 22

Enhancer caltrin permeabilizes the plasma membrane of bovine epididymal spermatozoa as indicated by the release of hyaluronidase from the acrosome and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the sperm cytosol. A previously reported increased calcium uptake by the sperm in the presence of enhancer caltrin was apparently due, in part, to calcium entry into the mitochondria, which had become accessible to external calcium. At 37 microM (200 micrograms/ml), enhancer caltrin released about 30% of the total hyaluronidase in the acrosome and 50% of the cytosolic LDH from epididymal sperm (4 x 10(7)/ml). This event was prevented by phosphatidylserine (PS), presumably through caltrin-phospholipid complex formation, whereas phosphatidylcholine (PC) was ineffective. Cardiolipin induced the release of LDH and this too was prevented by enhancer caltrin. Lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), on the other hand, potentiated the lysogenic activity of enhancer caltrin, promoting the release of the full complement of hyaluronidase and LDH even at a molar ratio of only 1:1 with caltrin. The effect of mixtures of LPS and PS on the lysogenic property of enhancer caltrin was investigated, and it was found that PS suppressed the potentiating effect of LPS. Release of hyaluronidase and LDH took place only when the LPS/PS molar ratio was greater than 2. The implications of these findings for the role of caltrin in mammalian fertilization are discussed.
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PMID:Lysogenic activity of enhancer caltrin and the influence of phospholipids on its expression. 821 34

Glycosaminoglycans were prepared as salts of different divalent cations and tested as donors in bovine testicular hyaluronidase catalyzed transglycosylation reactions. All of the metal cations examined had similar binding efficiency of divalent cations to hyaluronan. However, cations bound with different efficiencies to chondroitin sulfate species and the differences were marked in the case of chondroitin 6-sulfate; the numbers of cations bound per disaccharide unit were estimated to be 0.075 for Mn, 1.231 for Ba, 0.144 for Zn, and 0.395 for Cu. While barium salt of chondroitin sulfates enhanced transglycosylation, the zinc salt of chondroitin sulfates inhibited transglycosylation. Therefore, by selecting the proper divalent cation salt of chondroitin sulfates as a donor in the transglycosylation reaction it is possible to improve the yields of the products.
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PMID:Effects of divalent cations on bovine testicular hyaluronidase catalyzed transglycosylation of chondroitin sulfates. 2132 Apr 70