Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The carbohydrate component in amyloid was histochemically compared with that in colloid or hyaline. Alcian blue, azure A, and periodic acid Schiff were used to stain mucopolysaccharides. In a further attempt to identify various polyanions, staining was carried out with alcian blue containing various concentrations of electrolytes. Methylation, saponification, acid hydrolysis, and digestion with streptomyces or testicular hyaluronidase, or chondroitinase ABC were also employed. The results obtained suggest that the presence of heparitin sulfate in amyloid, of chondroitin sulfate A in hyaline, and of chondroitin sulfate C in colloid.
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PMID:Histochemical investigation of acid mucopolysaccharides in amyloid, colloid and hyaline. 8 75

Using histochemical methods, the presence of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the cell nuclei of 51 human irides and a series of monkey organs was demonstrated. In general, these substances are sensitive to testicular hyaluronidase and chondroitinase ABC and also to Streptomyces hyaluronidase, when using special staining methods. The specificity of testicular hyaluronidase was tested by inhibition with heparin. By simultaneously staining with alcian blue and Feulgen, acidic glycosaminoglycans can be distinguished from the nucleic acids. Sporadically, hyaluronidase-resistant substances with a specific acidic glycosaminoglycan stainability occur. We assume the existence of various acidic glycosaminoglycans in the cell nuclei. Aging changes were not traceable with constancy.
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PMID:Histochemical demonstration of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the cell nuclei of the iris and other tissues. 8 2

The technique of negative staining and ultra-thin section has been used for investigations of 30 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in order to represent the structure of pili (fimbriae) electron microscopically. The staining of the gonococci was effected by phosphotungstic acid (0,5%). The pili ascertained were 30 to 60 A thick. In course of in vitro passages up to 10. subculture morphological changes of the pili have been observed. The application of trisbuffer or solution of Hylase (hyaluronidase) showed not any improved results in comparison with buffered NaCl-solution as suspension medium. The investigation of ultra-thin sections showed that the structure of the pili could be exhibited not clearly. Therefore, these technique seems to be not suitable for qualitative representative of the pili.
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PMID:[Electron microscopic representation of the pili structure of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (author's transl)]. 8 64

The predominant acid mucopolysaccharides found in selected epithelial mammary tumors of dogs stained with alcian blue and were labile to hyaluronidase digestion. These histochemical characteristics identified them as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin-4- and chondroitin-6-sulfate. The intensity of the staining of these acid mucopolysaccharides varied in a transitionary process from a precartilaginous to a pseudocartilaginous intercellular matrix to mature hyaline cartilage. The tumor acid mucopolysaccharides were indistinguishable from those associated with formation of cartilage in developing mammals; such cartilage is reported to be produced only by cells of mesodermal origin. There was no evidence to suggest transitional changes in myoepithelial cells, neoplastic epithelial cells or their components that could contribute to the formation of the acid mucopolysaccharides. It was concluded that the heterotopic tissues (cartilage, bone and fibrous connective tissue) in the epithelial mammary tumors were derived from cells of mesodermal origin and formed the adjacent stroma in areas of neoplasia.
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PMID:Acid mucopolysaccharides in mammary tumors of dogs. 8 49

From examination of the structural data obtained for the tongue of rodent Jaculus jaculus, it has been possible to deduce that it is lined with filiform papillae in the dorsal epithelium and that it has a rich glandular apparatus consisting of anterior serous glands which are located immediately after the apex and composed of epithelial cells arranged in a single synctitial layer, and both nucous and seromucous acini (Weber's glands) in the posterior portion of the tongue on the lateral sides and ventromedian region respectively. In the tip glands there is an elaboration of protein material; both neutral and acid glycoproteins are absent. In the posterior Weber's glands acidic moieties in the mucosubstances are due mainly to sialomucins and hyaluronidase resistant sulfomucins; in the seromucous acini on the other hand, mucopolysaccharides with vicinal hydroxyl groups and proteins are present. The histoenzymological tests employed to detect the succinic dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase also revealed the two reactions in the seromucous acini. Their presence is discussed on the basis of their having a probable role in the salivary production mechanisms in the same way as those cells which have a very strong secretory activity, or those involved in ionic reabsorption processes. The role of granular catalase activity in the duct cells is assumed to be able of protecting the glandular parenchyma from bacterial attacks. The presence also of acid glycoproteins within the lingual glands is correlated with taste sensation in view of the current revaluation of the role played by the proteoglycans in neuronal functions.
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PMID:Histochemical distribution of acid mucopolysaccharides and some active transport enzymes in the lingual glands of Jaculus jaculus L. (Dipodidae, Mammalia). 9 83

Acid mucopolysaccharides have been studied in the dermis of 40 cases of incipient psoriasis. In the upper dermis a marked reduction of the material stained with colloidal iron and with Alcian blue solutions containing 0.1 and 0.2 M MgCl2 was observed; enzymatic controls with hyaluronidase support the idea that this material consists mainly of hyaluronic acid. The intensity and the extension of this dermal alteration far beyond the limits of the above-mentioned epidermal alteration give credence to the hypothesis that in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, dermal alterations are of a primitive character.
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PMID:Acid mucopolysaccharides of the dermis in incipient psoriasis. 9 42

A total of 204 meningococcus strains were tested for the presence of hyaluronidase, and 45.5% of the strains were found to contain it. Strains penetrating into the cerebrospinal fluid were the ones which largely produced the enzyme (in 83% of the cases). The enzyme was revealed only in 25.5% of the strains habituating on the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Hyaluronidase was mostly found in the meningococcus strains referred to the serological group A; strains of other serological groups and ungrouped strains produced the enzyme in 23.7% of the case only. There was no correlation between the capacity to form hyaluronidase and the virulence determinable in intraperitoneal infection of mice.
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PMID:[Hyaluronidase in meningococcus]. 9 34

Comparison of the serum titers obtained with the Streptozyme, the antistreptolysin O, the antideoxyribonuclease B, and the antistreptohyaluronidase tests suggested that the Streptozyme test had failed to detect antibodies against streptococcal deoxyribonuclease B and hyaluronidase. Moreover, sera that were negative in the Streptozyme test could be shown by immunodiffusion to possess significant numbers of precipitins against extracellular factors produced by group A streptococci. Follow-up studies on patients with diagnosed streptococcal infections revealed elevated antideoxyribonuclease and streptohyaluronidase titers and increased numbers of precipitation lines without simultaneous increased titers by the Streptozyme test. There is thus a need for stricter control of possible batch-to-batch variations and more careful standardization of the antigen content of the Streptozyme test.
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PMID:Discrepancy between results of the Streptozyme test and those of the antideoxyribonulcease B and antihyaluronidase tests. 9 11

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of hyaluronidase on chemical carcinogenesis. Two experiments were carried out using BALB/c mice. In the first experiment the mice were divided into three groups, viz. (1) painted with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), (2) injected with hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA and (3) injected with saline and painted with DMBA. In the second experiment the mice were divided into three groups: (1) painted with DMBA, (2) injected with hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA and (3) injected with heat-inactivated hyaluronidase and painted with DMBA. The tumor incidence and size of tumors were significantly lower in the group treated with hyaluronidase than in the other groups. The latent period was increased. The mitotic index of the skin adjacent to the tumors at the end of the experiment was decreased. These studies show that hyaluronidase can act as an anticarcinogenic agent.
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PMID:The effects of hyalurodinase upon tumor formation in BALB/c mice painted with 7,12-dimethylbenz-(a)anthracene. 10 45

Although numerous interventions have been shown to exert a salutary effect on the ischemic myocardium, the severity of ischemia generally has been measured by indirect techniques. In the present investigation the effect of ischemia on intramural carbon dioxide tension (PmCO(2)) was measured directly in the open-chest, anesthetized dog with a mass spectrometer during repetitive 10-min coronary artery occlusions separated by 45-min periods of reflow; simultaneously, regional myocardial blood flow in the ischemic area was measured by (127)Xenon washout. In all dogs the increase in PmCO(2) from before to 10 min after the first occlusion (DeltaPmCO(2)) exceeded that during subsequent occlusions. In those dogs not receiving an intervention (controls), DeltaPmCO(2) during the third occlusion was similar to that during the second occlusion. When propranolol, hyaluronidase, and nitroglycerin were administered to different groups of dogs before the third occlusion, each caused significantly smaller elevations in DeltaPmCO(2) than those occurring during the control second occlusion, and the combination of all three interventions induced the smallest increase in DeltaPmCO(2). Regional myocardial blood flow rose with hyaluronidase and was unchanged with propranolol, nitroglycerin, and the three drugs in combination. In contrast to these beneficial interventions, isoproterenol infused with the third occlusion caused a higher DeltaPmCO(2) than during the control second occlusion. It is concluded, first, that interventions that modify the severity of ischemia can be evaluated by measuring intramural carbon dioxide tension; second, that propranolol, hyaluronidase, and nitroglycerin reduce ischemic injury, whereas isoproterenol increases it; and third, that the combination of propranolol, hyaluronidase, and nitroglycerin exerts an additive beneficial effect on ischemia.
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PMID:Assessment of the efficacy of interventions to limit ischemic injury by direct measurement of intramural carbon dioxide tension after coronary artery occlusion in the dog. 10 16


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