Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two methods for the extraction of acrosomal membranes and enzymes from both human and rabbit spermatozoa were compared. Treatment of spermatozoa with hypotonic MgCl2 (0.05 M) solution causes removal of the plasma membrane, vesiculation, disruption and removal of the outer acrosomal membrane posterior to the equatorial segment with accompanying loss of soluble acrosomal material. Subsequent exposure to Hyamine 2389 and Triton X-100 removes acrosomal material bound to the inner acrosomal membrane with concomitant solubilization of this membrane. The MgCl2 extract from rabbit spermatozoa contained a higher yield of hyaluronidase, acrosin, and total proteinase activities, whereas the subsequent detergent extracts contained higher yields of both arylsulfatase A and B activities. By comparison, after 4 minutes of sonication to separate heads and tails, both rabbit and human spermatozoa when viewed by transmission electron microscopy showed alterations of plasma and outer acrosomal membranes with considerable loss of the acrosomal contents. Analysis of acrosomal enzymes indicates the greatest percentage of all the enzymes assayed was located in the extract obtained by sonication in contrast to either the separated head or tail fractions used for further subcellular extraction. Subsequent treatment with Hyamine and Triton yields only minimal amounts of enzyme activity.
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PMID:Extraction of human and rabbit acrosomes: a comparison of sequential and sonication methods. 51 71

Polymorphism of hyaluronidase (EC 3.2.1.35) was detected in the serum from 6 out of 20 vertebrate species by electrophoretic analysis. Electrophoresis was performed on a hyaluronan-containing polyacrylamide gel, that visualizes hyaluronidase activity upon incubation at acid pH. No hyaluronidase activity was detected in the sera of horse, swine, cattle, goat, sheep, rabbit, chicken, Triton alpestris, Triton palmatus, Triton vulgaris, pleurodeles, axolotl, eel and dog-fish. The 6 positive sera were from man, mouse, rat, Syrian hamster, dog and Triton cristatus. In each of these species, the electrophoretic banding pattern of hyaluronidase was different, as was the activity per unit volume of serum. Furthermore, in mice, the 12 strains analyzed could be divided into 3 groups, containing the following numbers of hyaluronidase bands; 8 (BALB/c/J, BALB/c/By, ICFW, SW, XVIInc/Z), 5 (DBA/2 Mrc Ico, DBA/2 Mrc Ico nu/nu, B10.D2/nSn), and 1 (C57B/Rho Ico, C57BL/6/By, C57BL/6/J Ico, C57BL/6/J Ico nu/nu). Human serum generally displayed only 1 band, although there was a 2nd faint band in a few cases and a 3rd in 1 case. Rat serum displayed 4 bands, Syrian hamster serum, 3, and dog and Triton cristatus serum, 1.
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PMID:Polymorphism of hyaluronidase in serum from man, various mouse strains and other vertebrate species revealed by electrophoresis. 235 93

Squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma undergoes significant structural-related modifications of the extracellular matrix components (ECM), the most characteristics being the presence of degraded collagen, aggrecan and hyaluronan. We examined the presence of hyaluronidase and of the cellular hyaluronan receptor CD44 during the various stages of cancer. ECM components were extracted by using PBS, 4 M GdnHCl and 4 M GdnHCl-0.1% Triton-X 100 sequentially and hyaluronidase and CD44 analyzed by zymography and immunochemistry techniques. Total RNA was also extracted and the mRNA of the various hyaluronidases and of CD44 was analyzed after amplification with RT-PCR. Hyaluronidase was detected as a double band of 45 and 55 kDa molecular mass, only in cancer samples. The analysis of mRNA indicated an aberrant expression of PH-20, the testicular-type hyaluronidase, at late stages of cancer and an overexpression of HYAL1 only at stage IV. In addition, CD44 was identified in two protein bands of 80 and 64 kDa in cancer samples. The analysis of mRNA showed that hyaluronan receptor was expressed in a stage-related order. Thus, it could be suggested that in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, cancer cells migrated and proliferated under the influence of small molecular mass hyaluronan, by expressing increased amounts of its receptor.
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PMID:Hyaluronidase and CD44 hyaluronan receptor expression in squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma. 1671 80