Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen specimens of palatal mucosa were taken from 17 human subjects. Paraffin-wax sections were stained by routine methods and with various techniques to demonstrate glycosaminoglycans (GAG). In some sections, GAG were removed by selective degradative procedures before staining. Beneath all rugae, there were myxoid areas varying in size and marginal definition. Collagen fibres were few; elastic and reticulin fibres were numerous in a minority of sections. Alcianophilia at pH 2.5, preventable by streptomyces hyaluronidase digestion, suggested the presence of hyaluronic acid beneath the rugae. Alcian-blue staining at pH 1.0 and with the critical electrolyte concentration method using 0.5 M MgCl2 did not distinguish the myxoid tissue from the surrounding connective tissue and could be prevented by digestion with testicular hyaluronidase or chondroitinase ABC. Chondroitin sulphate and, or dermatan sulphate thus may be present but were not localized to the myxoid tissue. This unusual zone of loose connective tissue may act as a physical buffer resisting the local effects of high loads by allowing reversible extrusion of the water.
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PMID:Histological localization of myxoid tissue in normal human palatal mucosa and its glycosaminoglycans. 244 96

Paraffin sections from fifteen cases of malignant diffuse mesothelioma of the pleura and five cases of bronchial adenocarcinoma infiltrating the pleura were examined with an antiserum specific for factor VIII related antigen and with antisera against various epithelial markers: keratin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), fat globule membrane antigen and secretory component. In all adenocarcinomas all the epithelial markers were present whereas the factor VIII related antigen was absent. The distribution of the fat globule membrane antigens, keratin, secretory component and factor VIII related antigen varied from one mesothelioma to another. The mesotheliomas were generally negative for CEA. The three mesotheliomas which were positive for CEA were also positive for alcian blue after hyaluronidase treatment. Amongst the markers used, CEA seems the most useful for the differential diagnosis between carcinoma and mesothelioma. However, the simultaneous detection of several markers allows the characterization of various phenotypes. Some of them are close to the phenotypes of true adenocarcinoma. A relation between a given phenotype and the biological behaviour of the tumour has still to be demonstrated.
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PMID:Immunohistological study of malignant diffuse mesotheliomas of the pleura. 608 69

The submicroscopic orientation patterns of sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains of proteoglycan molecules and collagen fibrils were compared in different extracellular matrix areas of femoral and tibial articular cartilages of young adult beagle dogs using qualitative and quantitative polarization microscopic analytical methods. Paraffin sections were cut perpendicularly to the articular surfaces from the femoral and tibial condyles and stained. Picrosirius red F38 staining combined with an antecedent digestion with testicular hyaluronidase was used to enhance the optical anisotropy of collagen. Birefringence of sulfated glycosaminoglycan molecules was selectively amplified by a combination of carboxymethylation with CH3I and a subsequent staining with toluidine blue. The specimens were analysed in a polarization microscope equipped with compensator plates, and retardation values of birefringence were determined in territorial and interterritorial matrix areas of different zones using monochromatic plane polarized light. It was found that besides some similarities there were significant differences in the submicroscopic organization of extracellular matrix between femoral and tibial articular cartilages. Common structural features of the femoral and tibial cartilages were the sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen fibrils which were circularly oriented in the territorial matrix, and these components were longitudinally arranged within the trabeculae of the interterritorial matrix. Furthermore, the territorial matrix was a more densely packed structure than the interterritorial matrix. Our results revealed the following major differences between the two cartilages: The degree of orientation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans was higher in the femoral cartilage matrix areas as compared to the identical structures of the tibial cartilage; the collagen structure was more densely packed in the interterritorial matrix of the superficial and mineralization zones of the femoral cartilage than in the tibial cartilage, and except for the zone of mineralization, the degree of collagen orientation was higher in the territorial matrix of the femoral than the tibial cartilage. These findings suggest that the extracellular matrix of femoral condylar cartilage has a more densely packed molecular structure than the softer tibial cartilage matrix. This structural difference may have an influence on the pathogenesis of diseases involving articular cartilage.
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PMID:Differences in submicroscopic structure of the extracellular matrix of canine femoral and tibial condylar articular cartilages as revealed by polarization microscopical analysis. 912 4

Tumor metastasis involves a complex sequence of cellular and biochemical events of which tumor cell penetration through the basement membrane is an essential component. Disruption of basement membrane integrity by hyaluronidase has been implicated in the development of locally advanced and metastatic carcinoma. This investigation correlates hyaluronidase expression with pathologic prognostic variables for prostate adenocarcinoma. Paraffin samples (n=9) of patients receiving prostatectomies for clinical stage B adenocarcinoma were evaluated. RT-PCR was utilized to detect the presence of hyaluronidase. These results were correlated with the histological assessment of each sample. Gleason score was significantly higher in patients with RT-PCR detectable hyaluronidase (mean +/- SD 7.25+/-1.8 versus 4.17+/-1.0; p<0.05). Histological evidence of perineural invasion was seen in 83% of the specimens with detectable hyaluronidase, whereas none was found in hyaluronidase negative samples (p<0.05). A trend was seen between hyaluronidase and capsular invasion with 33% hyaluronidase positive tumor exhibiting evidence of capsular invasion, while no evidence in the hyaluronidase negative tumor. These data suggest that hyaluronidase may be involved in prostate adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis.
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PMID:Increased hyaluronidase expression in more aggressive prostate adenocarcinoma. 1052 25

The present study aimed for a clear visualization of faintly deposited colloidal iron in tissue sections for light microscopy. Paraffin blocks containing paraformaldehyde-fixed brain tissue from healthy adult mice were cut into sections 10-15 microm thick. After deparaffinization, the sections were stained with fine cationic iron colloid at a pH value of 1.0-1.5, and treated with a mixture of potassium ferrocyanide and hydrochloride for Prussian blue reaction. Some sections were further treated with Bodian's protein silver after the Prussian blue reaction. This sensitized development of Prussian blue reaction with Bodian's protein silver more clearly visualized the faintly deposited cationic colloidal irons than the demonstration by Prussian blue reaction alone, and allowed an enhanced visualization of the perineuronal nets of sulfated proteoglycans in the brain. Thus, such fine perineuronal sulfated proteoglycans as those in the CA3 field of the hippocampus, which are weakly stained with cationic iron colloid and usually overlooked by a demonstration with only a Prussian blue reaction, could be clearly visualized with striking contrast by the sensitized development with Bodian's protein silver after the Prussian blue reaction. Preliminary hyaluronidase digestion erased Bodian's protein silver development of perineuronal sulfated proteoglycans. Though some axonal fibers were also additionally stained with Bodian's protein silver itself, this sensitized development is useful to enhance such weak colloidal iron signals as are hardly detectable by only Prussian blue reaction.
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PMID:Enhanced visualization of weak colloidal iron signals with Bodian's protein silver for demonstration of perineuronal nets of proteoglycans in the central nervous system. 1120 Dec 4