Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acid mucopolysaccharides have been studied in the dermis of 40 cases of incipient psoriasis. In the upper dermis a marked reduction of the material stained with colloidal iron and with Alcian blue solutions containing 0.1 and 0.2 M MgCl2 was observed; enzymatic controls with hyaluronidase support the idea that this material consists mainly of hyaluronic acid. The intensity and the extension of this dermal alteration far beyond the limits of the above-mentioned epidermal alteration give credence to the hypothesis that in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, dermal alterations are of a primitive character.
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PMID:Acid mucopolysaccharides of the dermis in incipient psoriasis. 9 42

Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan or HA) is a major component of connective tissue synthesized by fibroblasts. Some progress has been made in recent years in the understanding of its metabolism, regulation and physiological role. The development of specific and sensitive assay methods has shown that the HA plasma level is increased in a wide variety of disorders. This increase may be due to decrease hepatic clearance, excessive synthesis (systemic sclerosis, inflammatory arthropathies, psoriasis, cancers, etc.), or even to an increased hyaluronidase activity in certain cancers. The major use of HA assays at the moment is in the evaluation of the evolutivity of those diseases where the HA increase relates to their activity. It seems to be of no diagnostic activity, at least for the time being.
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PMID:[Hyaluronic acid. Usefulness and perspectives of its serum assay]. 214 Nov 40

The microflora of 297 psoriasis patients was extensively examined. Throat, urine, and skin surfaces from scalp, ears, chest, face, axillary, submammary, umbilical, upper back, inguinal crease, gluteal-fold, perirectal, vaginal, pubis, penis, scrotal, leg, hands, feet, finger, and toenail areas were cultured for aerobic bacteria, yeast, and dermatophytes. Antibody levels to streptococcal enzymes were performed (streptolysin-O, DNAse-B, hyaluronidase, STREPTOZYME). Giemsa smears and KOH preparations were also used to determine yeast and dermatophyte presence. Associated organisms thought to provoke a psoriatic attack were as follows: streptococcal groups A, B, C, D, F, G, S viridans, S pneumoniae; Klebsiella pneumoniae, oxytoca; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter cloacae, E aerogenes, E agglomerans; Proteus mirabilis, P vulgaris; Citrobacter freundii, C diversus; Morganella morganii; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P maltiphilia, P putida; Serratia marcescens; Acinetobacter calbio aceticus, A luoffi; Flavobacterium specie; CDC groups Ve-1, Ve-2, E-o2; Bacillus subtilis, cereus; Staphylococcus aureus; Candida albicans, C parapsilosis; Torulopsis, glabrata; Rhodotorula and dermatophytes. One or more antistreptococal enzyme tests was positive in 50% of patients. Titers to hepatitis E were elevated in one patient and to HIV in two patients.
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PMID:The role of microorganisms in psoriasis. 228 71

Tumor host resistance and promotion are multiple complex simultaneous phenomena. This paper relates only to the effect of ground substance viscosity on tumor host interaction. Tar, anthralin, ultraviolet light, x-ray and arsenic have been widely used to treat inflammatory skin disorders such as psoriasis. They are also well known carcinogens. It is proposed that both the anti-inflammatory effect and part of the carcinogenic effect could occur by decreasing ground substance viscosity and suppressing fibroblasts. Streptococcal infections, chloroquine and pyridoxine deficiency increase inflammatory skin disorders and are known to be beneficial to tumor resistance. It is proposed that both effects could occur because of their effect of increasing ground substance viscosity and, at least with streptococcal infections, by stimulating fibroblasts. Within certain limits, vitamin C has a stimulant effect on fibroblast and ground substance viscosity. Beta carotene is active in stimulating wound healing. Localized edema of the dermal papillae precedes granulocytic inflammation in disorders like psoriasis. Anything that decreases ground substance viscosity will prevent dilution of tissue fluids by decreasing localized edema and thus decrease formation of some mediators of inflammation. Anything that increases ground substance and its viscosity will promote local dilution of tissue fluid. Increasing dilution of tissue fluids promotes the formation of some mediators of inflammation. Tumors commonly secrete hyaluronidase. It is proposed that substances that decrease ground substance viscosity (hyaluronidase-like activity) encourage tumors and substances that increase ground substance viscosity (anti-hyaluronidase-like effect) increase resistance to tumors.
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PMID:Cancer resistance, carcinogenesis and ground substance viscosity. 363 77

Histochemical stainings of frozen sections of human normal and psoriatic skin were used to study the localization of hyaluronan (HA) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). HA staining was found in all areas of the skin, with the exception of the stratum corneum, in both normal and psoriatic cases without any apparent quantitative differences between the conditions. The staining for ICAM-1 was detected in vessels in normal skin and at lower levels in normal areas of the skin in patients with psoriasis. However, in these patients the staining increased to about the same level as in normal skin after hyaluronidase treatment of the sections prior to staining. In psoriatic lesions, distinct staining for ICAM-1 was localized mainly to vessels and infiltrating leukocytes. Treatment of the sections with hyaluronidase increased the staining of vessels only slightly, but more strongly around leukocytes. These findings show that ICAM-1 is predominantly free from bound HA on vessel endothelium in psoriasis lesions but not on vessels in normal areas of the skin, and suggests that systematically administered HA, previously shown to reduce chronic inflammation in animal models, might have a beneficial effect in psoriasis via blocking of endothelial ICAM-1 and thereby causing a reduced invasion of leukocytes into the skin.
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PMID:Histochemical studies of hyaluronan and the hyaluronan receptor ICAM-1 in psoriasis. 886 47

Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid, HA) is a glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix of tissues that plays a role in cellular migration, proliferation and differentiation. Injury to the stratum corneum elicits an epidermal hyperproliferative response, a pathogenic feature in many cutaneous diseases including eczema and psoriasis. Because HA is abundant in the matrix between keratinocytes, we asked whether the presence of HA is required for epidermal hyperplasia to occur in response to barrier injury. Disruption of the stratum corneum, by acetone application on the skin of hairless mice, led to a marked accumulation of HA in the matrix between epidermal basal and spinous keratinocytes, and also within keratinocytes of the upper epidermis. To test whether HA may have a functional role in epidermal hyperplasia, we used Streptomyces hyaluronidase (StrepH), delivered topically, to degrade epidermal HA and blunt the accumulation of epidermal HA after acetone. StrepH signficantly reduced epidermal HA levels, and also significantly inhibited the development of epidermal hyperplasia. This reduction in epidermal thickness was not attributable to any decrease in keratinocyte proliferation, but rather to an apparent acceleration in terminal differentiation (ie, increased keratin 10 and filaggrin expression). Overall, the data show that HA is a significant participant in the epidermal response to barrier injury.
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PMID:Hyaluronan participates in the epidermal response to disruption of the permeability barrier in vivo. 1546 97