Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.36 (hyaluronidase)
 4,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rabbit aortic changes were investigated after different sclerogenic diets. A subintimal chondroitin sulfate layer was characterized by toluidine blue metachromatic staining at pH 1--3, CEC value expressed in MgCl2 concentration: 0.4M, hyaluronidase sensitivity. This layer becomes disorganized during plaque formation and partly disaappears. A long-lasting sclerogenic diet, as well as a diet containing several sclerogenic factors, produced an increase of frequency and extension of the media necrosis, calcification, and chondroid metaplasia of the aortic wall. In these lesions, an increase of mucopolysaccharide secretion of modified smooth muscle cells was observed.
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PMID:Histological investigation of aortic wall in experimental sclerosis of rabbits. 14 19

Cells derived from human atherosclerotic plaques and from arterial media were compared with cells obtained from human leiomyomata and myometrium with respect to growth behavior in long-term cell culture. None of numerous variations in culture media, including alterations of serum concentration and source, improved the rate of cell multiplication or in vitro longevity. Both uterine cell types, but neither arterial cell type, multiplied after tissue dissociation with enzymes (elastase, collagenase, hyaluronidase). The replicative life-span of each of eight samples of arterial plaque cells was equal to or less than that of the corresponding medial cells. A similar relationship was observed for eight paired sets of leiomyoma and myometrial cells. The results indicate that, under the conditions of culture in vitro, cells of a bona fide smooth muscle tumor have a finite replicative life-span and smooth muscle cells of atherosclerotic plaques behave in a similar manner.
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PMID:Human atherosclerotic plaque cells and leiomyoma cells. Comparison of in vitro growth characteristics. 16 92

By treatment of chorioallantoic membranes from embryonated eggs with collagenase and hyaluronidase before the conventional application of trypsin cells could be grown in culture which supported growth of a large variety of myxoviruses, herpesviruses, avian reoviruses and the infectious bronchitis virus of chickens. The cultures could be used for sensitive plaque assays and neutralization tests.
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PMID:In vitro cultivation of cells from the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. 16 93

Some drugs effective against influenza contain flavonoids. We therefore examined the antiviral effect of hesperidin, hesperidinmethylchalcon, trihydroxyethylrutin, catechol, quercitrin, rutin and aurantiin against vesicular stromatitis virus (VSV) action on mouse fibroblasts and that of hesperidin against influenza virus in HeLa cells system by means of dye uptake measurements (Finter) and by plaque reduction test, respectively. Preincubation of the cells with the flavonoids 6--8 h before virus addition was inevitable. Protection of cells against virus action persisted for about 24 h and it abruptly disappeared after an addition of hyaluronidase. Maximal inhibition of virus action was achieved with a concentration of 200 microgram/ml flavonoid.
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PMID:[Antiviral activity of plant components. 1st communication: Flavonoids (author's transl)]. 20 88

A sensitive dye-binding assay was employed to study the hyaluronidase associated with temperate and virulent phages infected group A streptococci. Some enzyme was detectable in each purified phage preparation examined, but differences of several orders of magnitude separated the lower enzyme levels in virulent phages that required the addition of hyaluronidase for plaque formation and the higher levels in temperate phages that did not. Infection by virulent phage A25 was accompanied by the production of levels of hyaluronidase proportionate to the average burst size. Hyaluronidase was produced during infection by temperate phages at a much higher level than could be accounted for by the number of phage particles formed. The major portion of this hyaluronidase was free and apparently unassociated with phage or phage fragments. The phage-associated enzyme was tightly bound but could be released and solubilized by treatment with urea.
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PMID:Hyaluronidase activity of bacteriophages of group A streptococci. 32 52

The author presents a so far unknown pathological process interrupting permanently the regeneration of the superficially damaged cornea, and its consequences and therapy of the condition as well. The process occurs only in 5.6% of the injured individuals. The occurrence is in no correlation with the quality or extent of the damage. Also it is independent of the form and duration of therapy. The essence of the pathological changes is the slowing of corneal epithelisation within 2-4 days, followed by a complete cessation. After that a thin membrane-like layer develops simultaneously and evenly within 12 days on the area without epithelium, the surface of which is dull, transparent and whitish in colour. Within weeks or months an individually varying thickening of the membrane occurs, but the area does not grow. The surface becomes whitish-grey and is without any epithelium and with no adherence to tear. The deposits are closely and inseparably adherent to their base, their substance is rigid, being brittle only at the margins. The lesion is staining greenish-yellow with Na-fluorescein, and lively blue with toluidine blue. It is staining in small reddish-brown with rose bengal. In vivo the deposits are not measurably influenced by hyaluronidase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin and papain. The microbes play no role in the process. Histological and electron-microscopical examinations suggest the corneal deposit are the product of the necrobiotic process occurring on the corneal surface during regeneration. The specific treatment consists of local application of corticoid-heparin. On the basis of the results of the examinations and literary data the author suggests that the corneal deposition and the similarly rare KCV (keratoconjunctivitis vernalis) plaque formation is the same specific process, i.e. the peculiar manifestation of the atopic state of the organism occurring independently of age.
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PMID:Ceasing of epithelisation and deposit formation of unknown origin on the cornea. 172 62

The purpose of the present study was to determine the surface hydrophobicity of small oral spirochetes and to receive an impression of the molecular organization of the cell surfaces. Nine spirochete strains with one endoflagellum from each cell-end (1:2:1 spirochetes) and eight with two endoflagella from each cell-end (2:4:2 spirochetes) from subgingival plaque were examined. Two hydrophobicity assay systems were used: 1) two-phase partitioning and 2) salting-out aggregation by ammonium sulfate. The influence of heat, enzymes, saliva, and serum were examined. The 2:4:2 spirochetes were significantly more hydrophobic than the 1:2:1 spirochetes. For all strains heat treatment increased surface hydrophobicity, whereas incubation with proteases decreased surface hydrophobicity for the 1:2:1 spirochetes. The 2:4:2 spirochetes were unaffected by the proteases. Lipase and hyaluronidase affected the two morphotypes in opposite directions. Saliva did not affect the surface hydrophobicity of any of the strains, whereas rabbit serum decreased this property for the 2:4:2 strains.
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PMID:Surface hydrophobicity of small oral spirochetes. 202 70

A biochemical scheme was developed by which strains of Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus intermedius, and Streptococcus anginosus can reliably be distinguished from within the "Streptococcus milleri group." Strains identified as S. intermedius were differentiated by the ability to produce detectable levels of alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-D-fucosidase, beta-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and sialidase with 4-methylumbelliferyl-linked fluorogenic substrates in microdilution trays after 3 h of incubation at 37 degrees C, together with the production of hyaluronidase. Strains of S. constellatus and S. anginosus were differentiated by the production of alpha-glucosidase and hyaluronidase by the former and the production of beta-glucosidase by the latter. The majority of strains of the S. milleri group obtained from dental plaque were identified as S. intermedius, as were most strains isolated from abscesses of the brain and liver. Strains of S. constellatus and S. anginosus were from a wider variety of infections, both oral and nonoral, than were strains of S. intermedius, with the majority of strains from urogenital infections being identified as S. anginosus.
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PMID:Phenotypic differentiation of Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus anginosus strains within the "Streptococcus milleri group". 238 Mar 75

One hundred and seven (41%) of 262 isolates of Streptococcus milleri, from human sources, produced hyaluronidase. Hyaluronidase production was commoner in beta haemolytic isolates 32 of 39 (82%), many of which were of Lancefield group F. But hyaluronidase was also found in alpha and non-haemolytic isolates, and in groups A, C, G, and non-groupable isolates. There was a strong association between hyaluronidase production and isolation from known internal abscesses (48/58, 83%) compared with isolates from the normal flora of uninfected sites (24/97, 25%). Isolates from 15 patients with endocarditis were uniformly negative, although 13 of 25 (52%) isolates from dental plaque produced the enzyme. Production of hyaluronidase may therefore be an important determinant in the pathogenicity of infection by S milleri and could be helpful in predicting the likelihood of deep purulent lesions in isolates from blood culture.
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PMID:Hyaluronidase production in Streptococcus milleri in relation to infection. 273 45

The purpose of the present investigation was to detect strains of small-sized oral spirochetes isolated from subgingival plaque for protease, peptidase, lipase, glycosidase, phosphatase, hyaluronidase and chondroitinsulfatase activities. The analyses were routinely carried out with cultures in the early stationary phase of growth after 4 days incubation. Both culture media and harvested spirochete cells were examined for the different enzyme activities. The enzymes were assayed by use of the API ZYM system, by p-nitroanilide derivatized peptides, and by hydrolyzing of mucopolysaccharides incorporated in solid bacterial medium. Relatively strong activities of trypsin-like enzymes, mainly bound to the cells, were observed in all strains. Similarly all strains showed acid phosphatases bound to the cells, too. Extracellular hyaluronidase- and chondroitinsulfatase activities were detected qualitatively in all strains after 7 days growth. The activities of the two mucopolysaccharide degrading enzymes almost disappeared after 10 subcultivations. Weak lipase (butyrate), higher lipase (caprylate), and weak phosphoamidase activities were observed in all cell pellets. No glycosidase activities were found. The observations are discussed by regarding the spirochetal enzymes as potential virulence factors for the development of marginal periodontitis.
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PMID:Enzyme activities from eight small-sized oral spirochetes. 301 Apr 39


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