Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have previously isolated a Brassica juncea cDNA encoding a novel chitinase BjCHI1 with two chitin-binding domains (Zhao and Chye in Plant Mol Biol 40:1009-1018, 1999). The expression of BjCHI1 was highly inducible by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, wounding, caterpillar feeding, and pathogenic fungal infection. These observations suggest that the promoter of BjCHI1 gene might contain specific cis-acting elements for stress responses. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of the BjCHI1 promoter. A 1,098 bp BjCHI1 genomic DNA fragment upstream of the ATG start codon was isolated by PCR walking and various constructs were made by fusing the BjCHI1 promoter or its derivatives to beta-glucuronidase reporter gene. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that the BjCHI1 promoter responded to wounding and MeJA treatment, and to treatments with either NaCl or polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000), indicating that the BjCHI1 promoter responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. A transient gene expression system of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves was adopted for promoter deletion analysis, and the results showed that a 76 bp region from -695 to -620 in the BjCHI1 promoter was necessary for MeJA-responsive expression. Furthermore, removal of a conserved T/G-box (AACGTG) at -353 to -348 of the promoter greatly reduced the induction by MeJA. This is the first T/G-box element identified in a chitinase gene promoter. Gain-of-function analysis demonstrated that the cis-acting element present in the 76 bp region requires coupling with the T/G-box to confer full magnitude of BjCHI1 induction by MeJA.
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PMID:Molecular cloning and characterization of the promoter for the multiple stress-inducible gene BjCHI1 from Brassica juncea. 1927 2

Several genes that encode a chitinase-like protein (called the CTL group) have been identified in Arabidopsis, rice, pea, and cotton. Members of the CTL group have attracted much attention because of their possible role in the biosynthesis of the cell wall in plants. The hot2 mutation in the CTL1 (AtCTL1) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana causes multiple defects in growth and development. The Arabidopsis genome possesses the AtCTL2 gene, which exhibits 70% similarity to AtCTL1 at the amino acid level. We showed that the AtCTL2 gene was predominantly expressed in stems, which was in contrast to the presence of AtCTL1 transcripts in most organs of Arabidopsis. In addition, beta-glucuronidase (GUS) staining was detectable in all tissues of the stem in transgenic plants expressing the AtCTL1::GUS construct, while GUS activity under control of the AtCTL2 promoter was significantly restricted to the xylem and to interfascicular fibers in stems. The phenotypes of atctl2 single mutant and of hot2, atctl2 double mutant plants were significantly similar to those of wild-type and of hot2 single mutant plants, respectively. The expression levels of CESA1 and CESA4 transcripts were not affected in the two single mutants or corresponding double mutant plants, compared with the levels in wild-type plants. The accumulation of lignin in etiolated hypocotyls, however, was increased by mutation of AtCTL2. These findings suggest that AtCTL2 is required for proper cell wall biosynthesis in etiolated seedlings of Arabidopsis.
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PMID:Mutation of the chitinase-like protein-encoding AtCTL2 gene enhances lignin accumulation in dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. 2005 93

The Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) is susceptible to infection by plant diseases which severely affect its growth and substantially decrease its economic value. A chitinase gene (Bbchit1) from Beauveria bassiana was introduced into Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The T-DNA of plant transformation vector contained the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene (GUS) under the control of CaMV 35S promoter and the neomycin phosphotransferase selection marker gene (NPTII) driven by the nos promoter. GUS activity was detected in most of the kanamycin-resistant plants tested. Stable integration of transgenes in the plant genome was confirmed using PCR. RT-PCR analysis showed that the Bbchit1 gene was transcribed in the transformed plants. When evaluated for resistance to poplar fungal pathogens with an in vitro assay, crude extracts from leaves and shoots of transgenic lines were inhibitory against the pathogenic fungus Cytospora chrysosperma (Pers.) Fr. Similarly, Bbchit1 overexpression enhanced disease resistance to C. chrysosperma in the transformed poplar plants, indicating that is gene is potentially useful to protect the trees against fungal diseases.
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PMID:The chitinase gene (Bbchit1) from Beauveria bassiana enhances resistance to Cytospora chrysosperma in Populus tomentosa Carr. 2046 49


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