Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of milk extract of Semecarpus anacardium Linn. nut milk extract (SA) was studied to gain some insight into this intriguing disease with reference to collagen metabolism. Arthritis was induced in rats by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant containing 10mg of heat killed mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1 ml paraffin oil (0.1 ml) into the left hind paw of the rat intradermally. After 14 days of induction, SA (150 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered orally by gastric intubations for 14 days. Decreased levels of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGS) components (chondroitin sulphate, heparan sulphate, hyaluronic acid) and increase in the levels of connective tissue degrading lysosomal glycohydrolases such as acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and cathepsin-D observed in arthritic animals were reverted back to near normal levels upon treatment with SA. The drug effectively regulated the uriniray markers of collagen metabolism namely hexosamine, hexuronic acid, hydroxyproline and total GAGS. Electron microscopic studies also revealed the protective effect of SA. Hence, it can be suggested that SA very effectively regulate the collagen metabolism that derange during arthritic condition.
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PMID:Therapeutic effects of Semecarpus anacardium Linn. nut milk extract on the changes associated with collagen and glycosaminoglycan metabolism in adjuvant arthritic Wistar rats. 1679 6

This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive role of S-allylcysteine (SAC) on mitochondrial and lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with SAC (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg) daily for a period of 45 days. After the treatment period, ISO (150 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats at an interval of 24 h for two days. The activities of heart mitochondrial enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) and respiratory chain enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome C oxidase) were decreased significantly (p<0.05) in ISO-induced rats. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-D and acid phosphatase) were increased significantly (p<0.05) in serum and heart of ISO-induced rats. Pretreatment with SAC (100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg) for a period of 45 days increased significantly (p<0.05) the activities of mitochondrial and respiratory chain enzymes and decreased the activities of lysosomal enzymes significantly (p<0.05) in ISO-induced rats. Oral administration of SAC (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg) for a period of 45 days to normal rats did not show any significant (p<0.05) effect in all the parameters studied. The altered electrocardiogram (ECG) of ISO-treated rats was also restored to near normal by treatment with SAC (100 and 150 mg/kg). These results confirm the efficacy of SAC in alleviating ISO-induced cardiac damage.
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PMID:S-allylcysteine ameliorates isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxicity in rats by stabilizing cardiac mitochondrial and lysosomal enzymes. 1718 65

Diets rich in natural antioxidants are associated with reduced risk of heart diseases. This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive role of naringin on cardiac troponin T (cTnT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-isoenzyme, cardiac marker enzymes, electrocardiographic (ECG)-patterns and lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in male Wistar rats. Rats subcutaneously injected with ISO (85mg/kg) at an interval of 24h for 2 days showed a significant increase in the levels of cTnT, intensity of the bands of LDH-isoenzyme (LDH1 and LDH2) and the activities of cardiac marker enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK), LDH, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum with subsequent decrease in the activities of CK, LDH, AST and ALT in the heart and alterations in ECG-patterns. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and cathepsin-D) were increased significantly in serum and the heart of ISO-induced rats, but the activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D were decreased significantly in the lysosomal fraction of the heart. Pretreatment with naringin (10, 20 or 40mg/kg) daily for a period of 56 days positively altered the levels of cTnT, intensity of the bands of the LDH1 and LDH2-isoenzyme and the activities of cardiac marker enzymes, ECG-patterns and lysosomal hydrolases in ISO-induced rats. Thus, naringin possess cardioprotective effect in ISO-induced MI in rats.
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PMID:Preventive effect of naringin on cardiac markers, electrocardiographic patterns and lysosomal hydrolases in normal and isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. 1718 15

The present study was aimed to assess the anti-arthritic nature of Cleome gynandra L. (Cat's whiskers) against Freund's complete adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. The ethanolic extract of C. gynandra was administered orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight for 30 days to the experimental rats after the induction of adjuvant arthritis. The anti-inflammatory activity of C. gynandra leaves was assessed by paw volume measurement, and its capacity to stabilize lysosomal enzyme activities in the plasma and liver of control and experimental rats. The activity of pathophysiological enzymes such as AST, ALT, ALP, cathepsin-D, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase LDH and the levels of glycoproteins were also estimated in plasma and liver. The increased levels of both lysosomal enzymes and protein-bound carbohydrates in arthritic rats were significantly suppressed to near normal level by the administration of C. gynandra extract. Further, the significantly elevated plasma levels of TNF-alpha found in arthritic rats were found to be significantly restored back to near normal levels by the extract in experimental animals. The membrane stabilizing activity of the extract was further evidenced by histological observations made on the limb tissue. Recently, we have reported the presence of many biologically active phyto chemicals such as triterpenes, tannins, anthroquinones, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, resins, lectins, glycosides, sugars, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids in the extract of C. gynandra and these compounds might be responsible for the anti-arthritic properties observed in the present study. The possible mechanism of action of the C. gynandra extract may be through its stabilizing action on lysosomal membranes and there by preventing the spread of inflammation.
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PMID:Anti-inflammatory and lysosomal stability actions of Cleome gynandra L. studied in adjuvant induced arthritic rats. 1727 70

In this study, S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (SACS) was used to evaluate its preventive effect in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia in male Wistar rats. Rats were pretreated with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1)) orally for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, ISO (150 mg kg(-1)) was administered subcutaneously to rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. The activities of beta-D-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, and acid phosphatase increased in serum and heart in ISO-induced rats. In addition, these rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D in serum and heart and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in their activities in lysosomal fraction of the heart. The activity of Na(+)K(+)-ATPase declined, while those of Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-ATPases significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in the heart of ISO-induced rats. Pretreatment with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1)) showed a significant (p < 0.05) effect in all the biochemical parameters studied. The effect at a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) body weight was more effective than that at 40 mg kg(-1) body weight and brought back all the biochemical parameters to near normal levels. Hereby, our study shows the membrane-stabilizing as well as antioxidant effects of SACS in ISO-induced rats.
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PMID:Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on lysosomal hydrolases and membrane-bound ATPases in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. 1762 87

The present study was performed in order to establish the efficacy of Kalpaamruthaa (KA), a modified indigenous Siddha preparation in adjuvant induced arthritic rat (AIA) model with reference to mediators of inflammation (lysosomal enzymes) and its effect on proteoglycans. Albino rats of Wistar strain were divided into seven Groups of six animals each. Arthritis was induced to rats by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml of Complete Freund's Adjuvant into the plantar surface of the left hind paw. Group I served as normal control rats receiving 0.5 ml of olive oil as vehicle, Group II arthritic rats served as induced-untreated and Group III (50 mg/kg), Group IV (100 mg/kg), Group V (150 mg/kg), Group VI (200 mg/kg) and Group VII (250 mg/kg) were KA treated rats at different dose levels orally in 0.5 ml of olive oil from 14(th) day of adjuvant injection and was terminated on day 28. Animals were then sacrificed on the day 29, blood was collected, liver and kidney were dissected out, washed and 10% homogenates were prepared. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, acid phosphatase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and cathepsin-D), aminotransferases (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and aminotransferases) and levels of plasma protein bound carbohydrate components of glycoproteins were determined and were found to be elevated in arthritic rats when compared to control animals. After administration of KA, the activities of lysosomal enzymes, aminotransferases and protein-bound carbohydrate component levels were significantly normalized. The data obtained evidently indicate that Kalpaamruthaa is effective at the dose of 150 mg/kg b.wt. in AIA and plays an important role in lysosomal membrane stabilization. This was further confirmed by radiological, histological and electron microscopic studies.
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PMID:Therapeutic effect of Kalpaamruthaa, a herbal preparation on adjuvant induced arthritis in wistar rats. 1825 2

This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive role of (-)epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) on lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarcted rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with EGCG (30 mg/kg) daily for a period of 21 days. After the treatment period, ISO (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats at intervals of 24h for 2 days. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and cathepsin-D) were increased significantly (P<0.05) in serum and the heart of ISO-induced rats. ISO-induction also resulted in decreased stability of membranes, which was reflected by decreased activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D in mitochondrial, nuclear, lysosomal and microsomal fractions. Pretreatment with EGCG daily for a period of 21 days to ISO-induced rats prevented the changes in the activities of these enzymes. Oral treatment with EGCG (30 mg/kg) to normal control rats did not show any significant effect in all the biochemical parameters studied. Thus, the results of our study shows that EGCG protects the lysosomal membrane against ISO-induced cardiac damage. The observed effects might be due to the free radical scavenging and membrane stabilizing properties of EGCG.
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PMID:Preventive effect of (-)epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) on lysosomal enzymes in heart and subcellular fractions in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted Wistar rats. 1829 27

Lysosomal instability has been suggested as a major factor in the development of cellular injury during myocardial necrosis through the formation of inflammatory mediators. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of mangiferin on lysosomal hydrolases and TNF-alpha production during isoproterenol (ISPH) induced myocardial necrosis in rats. The rats given ISPH (200 mg/kg body weight twice, subcutaneous) for 2 days showed a significant increase in plasma TNF-alpha production, serum and heart lysosomal hydrolases activity. ISPH administration to rats resulted in decreased stability of the membranes, which was reflected by the lowered activity of cathepsin-D and beta-glucuronidase in mitochondrial, nuclear, lysosomal and microsomal fractions. Pretreatment with mangiferin (100 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) for 28 days, significantly prevented the alterations and restored the enzyme activities to near-normal status. These findings demonstrate that mangiferin could preserve lysosomal integrity through decrease in the inflammatory process and hence establish the cardioprotective effect of mangiferin.
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PMID:Mechanism of protective action of mangiferin on suppression of inflammatory response and lysosomal instability in rat model of myocardial infarction. 1917 85

This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of gallic acid on lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol treated myocardial infarcted rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with gallic acid (15 mg/kg) daily for a period of 10 days. After the treatment period, isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats twice at an interval of 24 h. The activity of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase were increased significantly (P<0.05) in the serum of isoproterenol induced cardiotoxic rats. The levels of lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides) were significantly (P<0.05) increased and the level of reduced glutathione was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the plasma and heart of isoproterenol induced cardiotoxic rats. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and D) were increased significantly (P<0.05) in the serum and heart of isoproterenol induced cardiotoxic rats. Isoproterenol induction also resulted in decreased stability of membranes, which was reflected by lowered activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D in lysosomal fraction. Pretreatment with gallic acid (15 mg/kg) to isoproterenol treated rats significantly (P<0.05) prevented the changes in the activities of cardiac marker enzymes, the levels of lipid peroxidation products, reduced glutathione and the activities of lysosomal enzymes. Oral treatment with gallic acid (15 mg/kg) to normal control rats did not show any significant effect. Thus, the results of our study show that gallic acid prevents the lysosomal membrane damage against isoproterenol induced cardiac damage and brought back the activities of lysosomal enzymes to near normal levels. The observed effects of gallic acid are due to antilipoperoxidative and antioxidant effects.
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PMID:Gallic acid prevents lysosomal damage in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. 1945 May 77

We evaluated the preventive effect of caffeic acid (CA) on lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol (ISO)-treated myocardial infarcted rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with CA (15 mg/kg) daily for a period of 10 days. After the pretreatment period, ISO (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats twice at an interval of 24 h. The activity of serum creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in ISO-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and the level of plasma-reduced glutathione was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in ISO-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and cathepsin-D) were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the serum and heart of ISO-induced myocardial infarcted rats. ISO induction also resulted in decreased stability of membranes, which was reflected by lowered activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D in different fractions except cytosol. Pretreatment with CA (15 mg/kg) to ISO-treated rats significantly (P < 0.05) prevented the changes in the activities of cardiac marker enzymes, the levels of lipid peroxidation products, reduced glutathione and the activities of lysosomal enzymes in the serum, heart, and subcellular fractions. Oral treatment with CA (15 mg/kg) to normal control rats did not show any significant effect. Thus, the results of our study showed that CA prevented the lysosomal membrane damage against ISO-induced myocardial infarction. The observed effects of CA are due to membrane-stabilizing, antilipo peroxidative, and antioxidant effects.
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PMID:Preventive effect of caffeic acid on lysosomal dysfunction in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. 2039 26


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