Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied beta-glucuronidase release from human monocytes induced with aggregated immunoglobulins of the nine different human classes and subclasses. Release was induced in a time and dose-dependent manner by all aggregated IgG subclasses. Aggregated IgA1 caused a greater beta-glucuronidase release than aggregated IgM, IgD, and IgE, but the difference was not statistically significant. Release of beta-glucuronidase was not phagocytosis dependent since inhibition of phagocytosis by cytochalasin B or dihydrocytochalasin B did not diminish enzyme release. On the contrary, cells incubated with cytochalasin B prior to addition of aggregated IgG released approximately twice as much enzyme compared to untreated controls. Enzyme release induced by latex particles, a non-Fc receptor mechanism, was decreased by cytochalasin B. Monomeric IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 inhibited aggregated IgG1 enzyme release in a dose-dependent manner. The ability of monomeric IgG to inhibit beta-glucuronidase release correlated with previous reports describing the binding affinities of monomeric IgG to monocytes, i.e., IgG2 was relatively ineffective compared to the other subclasses. Monomeric IgA, IgE, and pentameric IgM were unable to diminish IgG-induced enzyme release. The data indicate that normal peripheral blood monocytes express predominantly Fc receptors for IgG and that all four IgG subclasses induce the release of the lysosomal enzyme beta-glucuronidase.
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PMID:beta-Glucuronidase release from human monocytes induced with aggregated immunoglobulins of different classes. 242 25

An acute leukemia with an unusual immunophenotype developed in a 17-year-old girl. At the initial presentation, extramedullary involvement was not evident, but with advancing disease, massive splenomegaly and an osteolytic rib tumor developed. The disease was aggressive and refractory to intensive chemotherapeutic regimens for myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, and the patient died 3 months after the initial presentation. The leukemic cells were of irregular shape and variable size; they had deeply indented or bi-lobed nuclei and relatively fine, azurophilic granules in their cytoplasm. They were positive for acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in granular staining, but they were negative for myeloperoxidase. The leukemic cells had a unique immunophenotype: it was positive for T-cell antigens (CD1a, CD2, cytoplasmic CD3, CD4), myeloid antigens (CD13 and CD33), NK-cell antigen (CD56), CD19 and CD30. DNA analysis revealed no gene rearrangement in the T-cell receptor beta, gamma and delta, or immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. The leukemic cells of our patient are thought to have arisen from the transformation of a putative precursor cell common to both the T- and NK-cell lineage in the bone marrow. The current literature on precursor NK-cell malignancy is reviewed, and its clinicopathological feature is discussed.
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PMID:Acute leukemia with the phenotype of a natural killer/T cell bipotential precursor. 1003 70

Matrix attachment regions (MARs) are thought to participate in the organization and segregation of independent chromosomal loop domains. Although there are several reports on the action of natural MARs in the context of heterologous genes in transgenic plants, in our study we tested a synthetic MAR (sMAR) with the special property of unpairing when under superhelical strain, for its effect on reporter gene expression in tobacco plants. The synthetic MAR was a multimer of a short sequence from the MAR 3' end of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) enhancer. This sMAR sequence was used to flank the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene within the T-DNA of the binary vector pBI121. Vectors with or without the sMARs were then used to transform tobacco plants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transgenic plants containing the sMAR sequences flanking the GUS gene exhibited higher levels of transgene expression compared with transgenic plants which lacked the sMARs. This effect was observed independently of the position of the sMAR at the 5' side of the reporter gene. However, variation of the detected transgene expression was significant in all transformed plant populations, irrespective of the construct used.
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PMID:Effect of nuclear matrix attachment regions on transgene expression in tobacco plants. 1183 72