Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The nitrofurans, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2), N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT), nitrofurantoin, 5-nitro-2-furoic acid, 5-nitro-2-furamidoxime, 5-nitrofurfurylidene diacetate and the urine of rats fed these compounds, were assayed for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA100FR1. All the nitrofurans were mutagenic in the order: AF-2 and FANFT greater than nitrofurantoin greater than 5-nitro-2-furamidoxime greater than 5-nitrofurfurylidene diacetate greater than 5-nitro-2-furoic acid. Strain TA100 was more sensitive than TA100FR1 to the mutagenic influence of these nitrofurans. Only the urine of rats fed AF-2, FANFT and nitrofurantoin had mutagenic activity. Again, TA100 was more sensitive than TA100FR1. The mutagenicity of the urine was not increased by treatment with beta-glucuronidase. AF-2, 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole (deformylated product of FANFT) and nitrofurantoin were excreted in the urine of rats fed these compounds; whereas the other nitrofurans were not excreted.
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PMID:Mutagenic activity of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic nitrofurans and of urine of rats fed these compounds. 78 88

1. The in vivo biliary metabolites of (+/-)-3-dimethylamino-1,1-diphenylbutane hydrochloride (recipavrin) isolated from Wistar rats have been characterized by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 2. Non-conjugated metabolites include recipavrin (1), norrecipavrin (2), diphenylbutanone (3), diphenylbutanone oxime (4), diphenylbutanone phenol (12), diphenylbutanone oxime phenol (14), recipavrin phenol (19), diphenylbutanone O-methylcatechol (16) and diphenylbutanone oxime O-methylcatechol (18). 3. Following beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis and extraction from pH 10 solution, diphenylbutanone (3), diphenylbutanone oxime (4), an unidentified compound (6), primary amine (8), norrecipavrin (2), recipavrin (1), phenols (12, 14, 15), norrecipavrin phenol (13), O-methylcatechols (16, 18), diphenylbutanol O-methylcatechol (17), recipavrin O-methylcatechol (19) and a secondary formamide (5) were identified by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 4. Various extraction solvents were employed in sample workup. The formamide (5) was present regardless of solvent used, while the trace presence of secondary acetamide (7) may be associated with the use of ethyl acetate. 5. Metabolites isolated after beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis were characterized by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry of the underivatized form, and as the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives, or following methylation with diazomethane or trimethylanilinium hydroxide (TMAH).
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PMID:Identification of the biliary metabolites of (+/-)-3-dimethylamino-1,1-diphenylbutane HCl (recipavrin) in rats. 208 98

Deuterium-labelled methadone and metabolites were used for the g.l.c.-mass spectrometry detection and identification of biliary conjugated methadone metabolites in rats. After beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis the bile extract contained an unknown metabolite that was not ring hydroxylated and retained an intact keto group. Chemical oxidation of the methadone metabolite 2-ethylidene-N,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine, perchlorate salt (EDDP) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid in chloroform, gave a compound identical by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry to the new metabolite. The chemical oxidation product was identified as 2-(4',4'-diphenylheptan-5'-one-2'-yl)oxaziridine by spectroscopic methods. The oxaziridine was shown to quantitatively isomerize to a secondary formamide (2-formamido-4,4-diphenyl-5-heptanone) during g.l.c.-mass spectrometry analysis. The formamide was also isolated by flash column chromatography after reflux of the oxaziridine in m-xylene, and then characterized by spectroscopy. The formamide and oxaziridine g.l.c.-mass spectrometry characteristics were identical. It was concluded on the basis of g.l.c.-mass spectrometry that the metabolite is the secondary formamide.
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PMID:Methadone metabolism in the rat in vivo: identification of a novel formamide metabolite. 400 35