Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Chicken brain arylsulphatase A was purified 2000-fold, with overall recovery 14%, by using ammonium sulphate fractionation, ethanol precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography. 2. The purified preparation was free from beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, acid phosphatase, inorganic pyrophosphatase and adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate sulphohydrolase activities. 3. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis indicated that the purified preparation was not homogeneous. 4. Chicken brain arylsulphatase was markedly inhibited by carbonyl reagents in the presence of traces of Cu(2+) in the system. Other metal ions such as Fe(2+) and Zn(2+), were inactive. 5. Ascorbic acid alone had no effect on enzyme activity but enhances the inhibition by Cu(2+). 6. Chicken brain arylsulphatase A resembled arylsulphatase A of other animal species in its kinetic properties such as K(m) value, anomalous time-activity relationship and the inhibitory effect of phosphate, sulphite and sulphate ions. However, its electrophoretic mobility, behaviour under zinc acetate fractionation and stimulation by Ag(+) were similar to arylsulphatase B of other animal species. Thus, this enzyme did not correspond to either arylsulphatase A or arylsulphatase B but properties of both. 7. The purified enzyme preparation can degrade cerebroside 3-sulphate.
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PMID:Purification and properties of arylsulphatase A from chicken brain. 507 33

1. A simple, rapid solvent partition method is described for isolation of conjugated bilirubin, free of unconjugated bilirubin, bile salts, phospholipids and cholesterol, from rat bile. Yields are 40-58%. The product is a phosphate-buffered solution containing approx. 0.4mg of bilirubin/ml, principally as mono- and di-glucuronide conjugates. The method may be modified for isolation of conjugates from human bile with 15-22% yield, and for preparation of unconjugated bilirubin from rat or human bile with yields of 55-62%. 2. The conjugated pigment has red-brown fluorescence and an absorption maximum at 450nm with in(mM) 59.8cm(-1). Diazotization by the Malloy-Evelyn method gives a direct Van den Bergh reaction (in water) 12% greater than the total reaction (in methanol), with in(total) 28.4x10(3)lmol(-1)cm(-1) at 550nm. After desalting by elution from Sephadex LH-20 in 50% (v/v) ethanol, the product gave water-soluble mustard-yellow crystalline needles. Such desalted conjugates were precipitated by Pb(2+) but not by Ba(2+), Ca(2+) or Zn(2+). 3. At pH7.0 and 37 degrees C the conjugated bilirubin was oxidized at a rate of 1%/h without hydrolysis, whereas 84% was hydrolysed by beta-glucuronidase or aqueous alkali. 4. Mono- and di-glucuronides were separated by elution from Sephadex LH-20 in 95% (v/v) ethanol or by extraction with chloroform at pH3.2-3.4. The monoconjugated bilirubin did not become labelled during incubation with unconjugated [(14)C]bilirubin, and chromatographed as a single spot without dissociating into unconjugated bilirubin and diglucuronide as would be expected of a complex. 5. After intravenous injection of mono- or di-conjugated [(14)C]bilirubin into normal or Gunn rats, 79-91% was excreted in bile and 2-7% in urine over 2h. In these experiments injected diglucuronide was not hydrolysed whereas 30-41% of injected monoglucuronide was converted into diglucuronide by the normal but not by the Gunn rats. The evidence favours the existence of a true bilirubin mono-glucuronide that is not a complex.
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PMID:Isolation and properties of conjugated bilirubin from bile. 549 54

1. A method in use for the extraction of urinary steroid conjugates has been applied to study the recovery of synthetic steroid monoglucuronides from aqueous solution. 2. In the presence of dissolved ammonium sulphate (50g./100ml.), ether-ethanol (3:1, v/v, 3x0.5vol.) extracted the monoglucuronides of steroids of the C(18), C(19) and C(21) series, quantitatively at values pH2-9. 3. The hydrolysis of the synthetic steroid monoglucuronides by beta-glucuronidase (Patella vulgata) has been examined with reference to the pH value of the medium, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration. 4. The rate of hydrolysis of steroid monoglucuronides was dependent upon steroid structure and upon site of conjugation. 5. The rate of hydrolysis of the monoglucuronides decreased in the order C-3 (phenolic) >C-3beta>C-17beta>C-3alpha.
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PMID:The extraction and hydrolysis of steroid monoglucuronides. 596 78

The antigenic composition of the live vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis was investigated. Ether-water extracts, water-soluble material from freeze-pressed bacteria and detergent-eluted material from bacterial envelope were allowed to react in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit antiserum against disintegrated bacteria of the vaccine strain. Ten antigenic factors were distinguished in an ether extract. When the extract was precipitated with ammonium sulphate 15 antigenic factors were distinguished in the precipitate and 14 factors in an ethanol precipitate of the supernatant fluid. In the water extract of freeze-pressed material 17 antigenic factors were found. Comparative immunoelectrophoresis of all these fractions demonstrated a minimum of 20 antigenic factors. When envelope material of the vaccine strain was treated with Triton X-100, three more antigenic factors were found to be solubilized. Thus, a total of 23 antigenic factors were distinguished in the extracts. There was a wide variation in heat and trypsin sensitivity between the antigenic factors. A few of the factors had esterase or alkaline phosphatase activity, whereas acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase or peroxidase activities were not found in any of the factors.
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PMID:Antigenic composition of a vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis. 615 69

The activity and isoenzyme pattern in plasma of beta-hexosaminidase (abbreviated Hex) and four other lysosomal hydrolases (alpha-fucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-hexosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase) were studied in 50 women at term and in 10 women at various intervals during the first 6 days after parturition. All hydrolases had elevated activity at term, compared with controls. After parturition the activity of alpha-mannosidase returned to the normal level within 2 days and that of Hex, beta-glucuronidase, and alpha-hexosaminidase within 6 days; alpha-fucosidase having a slightly elevated activity even at the end of this period. Isoenzyme analysis by isoelectric focusing was informative only in the case of Hex. Thus, the increased activity of Hex at term was mainly due to an increase in the isoenzyme form(s), with pI(s) between 5.6 and 6.8. The enzyme pattern of Hex during pregnancy and post partum observed in this study seems to have certain similarities to the previously noted enzyme pattern of Hex in acute ethanol intoxication and following withdrawal of ethanol. As lysosomal membranes are labilized by elevated levels of steroids, it is of interest to note that high levels of these hormones are found in plasma both at term and in chronic liver disease.
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PMID:Activity of lysosomal hydrolases in plasma at term and post partum. 623 75

A postmitochondrial preparation of rat lung homogenate was able to metabolize ethanol (205.8 mumoles/g X hr) only in the presence of uridine diphosphate glucuroniate, with a Km for ethanol of about 14 mM. Lung slices from the same animals incubated in a Krebs ringer bicarbonate buffer showed a biphasic time-curve for ethanol metabolism. The amount of metabolized ethanol first increased and then decreased. The metabolic product of this system (PET-I) was sensitive to the action of betaglucuronidase. Lung slices from some animals, however, showed a monophasic time-curve for ethanol metabolism. The metabolic product of this system (PET-II) was insensitive to the action of beta-glucuronidase but sensitive to that of sulfatase. These results confirm our previous suggestion that the lung of the rat is able to metabolize ethanol by a conjugation process catalyzed by a glucuronyl-transferase. In addition, the evidence obtained in this work also suggests that in some animals PET is represented by a sulfotransferase.
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PMID:Further characterization of the pulmonary ethanol metabolizing system (PET). 650 82

Sera from 9 persons with either biopsy-proven alcoholic liver disease or a history of chronic, excessive ethanol consumption were analyzed for their content of various hydrolases. Compared to controls, significant elevations in the following enzyme activities were seen in sera from the patient population: acid phosphatase (2.0-fold), beta-glucuronidase (2.1-fold), hexosaminidase (1.4-fold), and alpha-L-fucosidase (2.3-fold). In addition, alpha-mannosidase activity, previously reported to be unchanged in cases of hepatic cirrhosis [Reglero et al., Clinica chim. Acta 130: 155-158], (1980) was found to be significantly increased (p less than 0.001) when assays were performed at acid (pH 4.5) or intermediate (pH 5.5) hydrogen ion concentrations. Fractionation of sera on DEAE-Sephadex columns showed that the increase in alpha-mannosidase activity in the serum of patients with alcoholic liver disease was due to increases in the level of at least one 'acid alpha-mannosidase' and two intermediate pH optimum alpha-mannosidases. The general increase in the activity of a group of glycosidases is consistent with a hypothesis involving decreased clearance of glycoproteins from the blood of persons with hepatic cirrhosis.
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PMID:Serum alpha-mannosidase in patients with alcoholic liver disease. 671 94

Human blood-group A, B and O erythrocytes did not possess receptor sites for either crude or ether-ethanol extracted chlamydial soluble hemagglutinin. Sensitive chicken erythrocytes were agglutinated to higher titres by ether-ethanol extracted than by crude chlamydial hemagglutinin. Studies indicated that trypsin-, chymotrypsin-, neuramanidase-sensitive receptor sites were not essential for binding of ether-ethanol extracted chlamydial hemagglutinin; neither were beta-glucuronidase- nor periodate-sensitive receptor sites essential. Since soluble chlamydial hemagglutinin consists of components of host cells and that of chlamydiae purification of hemagglutinin from chlamydiae is required in future studies.
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PMID:C. psittaci 6 BC soluble hemagglutinin: factors influencing the red cell receptor sites. 702 29

Rats were fed an all liquid diet for 7-8 weeks. One group received 35% of the calories as ethanol while the other group was pair-fed carbohydrates. Peritoneal macrophages prepared from ethanol treated rats had lower phagocytosis via the Fe-receptor and reduced viability in the presence of endotoxin, but their lysosomal enzyme activities measured (beta-glucuronidase, cathepsin D, acid phosphatase and acid DNase) were not different from controls.
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PMID:Effects of long-term ethanol consumption on rat peritoneal macrophages. 720 Dec 27

Chronic alcohol intoxication led to an increase in activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and to decrease -- of aldehyde dehydrogenase and the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) with simultaneous activation of cytochrome P-450 in liver tissue of rats during ontogenesis. Ethanol, which did not affect the enzymatic status of lysosomes within ontogenesis (alpha- and beta-glucosidases, alpha- and beta-galactosidases, alpha-mannosidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-xylosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl galactosaminidase acid RNAase, arylsulfatases A and B, cathepsin D), activated the majority of hydrolases in both embryonal and postnatal periods of development. Distinct increase in lipoperoxidation was detected under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication.
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PMID:[Enzyme characteristics of the rat liver in ontogeny in chronic alcohol intoxication]. 720 88


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