Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucinearylamidase was studies in a carefully selected group of 100 healthy subjects, 50 women and 50 men. Enzyme activities were assayed in 3-h morning samples after gel filtration of the urine. Activities were related to time volume, and to urinary creatinine concentration. Several transforming functions had to be applied to enzyme output data to obtain an approximation to gaussian frequency distribution. Men showed a significantly higher excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase,beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase activity than did women if enzyme activity was related to urinary time volume. Women excreted more lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity than did men, if urinary creatinine was used as the basis of reference. Reference intervals were calculated as 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for both sexes.
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PMID:Normal limits of urinary excretion of eleven enzymes. 1 92

The urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase was studied in 68 patients with biopsy-proved glomerular, 54 with interstitial renal disease and in 97 patients suffering from primary hypertension. The enzyme output of these 219 patients was compared to that of a reference population of 100 thoroughly selected healthy subjects. The highest incidence of elevated enzyme excretion was observed for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase with 88% in glomerulopathies and 78% in interstitial disease, followed by beta-galactosidase. 94% of the patients with glomerular kidney disease, 90% of those with interstitial disease and about 60% of the subjects with primary benign hypertension revealed an output of at least one enzyme above upper reference limit. The highest average enzymuria occured in glomerulopathies, particularly high values in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Application of discriminant analysis to the urinary enzyme pattern of glomerular and interstitial renal diseases resulted in an overall correct classification into the appropriate group of 89% of all patients. The discrimination between glomerular and interstitial disease was better in patients with normal renal function than in those with reduced function. Results show, that the analysis of urinary enzyme patterns may be a helpful adjunct for differential diagnosis of kidney diseases.
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PMID:Evaluation of urinary enzyme patterns in patients with kidney diseases and primary benign hypertension. 3 57

We have purified beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase from macrophages of thioglycollate-treated mice using concanavalin A chromatography and immunoprecipitation. The apparent molecular weight of the beta-galactosidase subunit, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, changed during a long term pulse-chase experiment. Following a 1-h pulse with [3H]leucine, radiolabel was present exclusively in an Mr = 82,000 form. However, after a 3-h chase in medium containing unlabeled leucine, most label migrated at Mr = 63,000, and at 24 h, all label was in the Mr = 63,000 form. Electrophoresis of peptides produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage of immunoprecipitates demonstrated structural similarities between precursor and mature forms. A mutation in the mouse, which is known to depress the rate of synthesis of beta-galactosidase in many cell types, proportionately decreased incorporation of [3H]leucine into both the Mr = 82,000 and 63,000 forms. Therefore, by kinetic, structural, and genetic evidence, the large molecular weight beta-galactosidase is a precursor of mature macrophage enzyme. No precursor of the Mr = 75,000 subunit of beta-glucuronidase was detected.
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PMID:Biosynthesis of two lysosomal enzymes in macrophages. Evidence for a precursor of beta-galactosidase. 11 27

The enzymic activity of acid alkaline phosphatases, of alanyl- and leucine-aminopeptidases, of beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase, and of Tween-60-esterase was tested in the rabbit lung tissue during the following experimental processes: a) the sensitization with Freund adjuvant containing PPD and challenge of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to PPD), b) the sensitization with gamma-globulin in Freund adjuvant, c) the pulmonary Arthus reaction, d) the lung granulomas induced by intravenous administration of Freund adjuvant containing heterologous lung proteins, e) the tuberculosis and silicotuberculosis under the influence of tuberculostatics. A metabolic intensification expressed by a marked increase of the tested hydrolytic enzymes was observed comparatively with controls in all these immune, granulomatous and inflammatory processes experimentally induced in the lung. The morphologic substrate of this behaviour was represented by the numerous cell proliferation and differentiations of the reticulomacrophagic type occurring during these experimental processes under the stimulation of antigenic elicitors. The latter also induced an increase of the lysosome-formation as submicroscopic site of these hydrolytic enzymes.
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PMID:Histoenzymology of the lung. II. The behaviour of lung hydrolytic enzymes during some experimental pulmonary processes. 14 Mar 19

Wistar rats kept on a magnesium deficient diet show several changes in the lymphatic organs as well as some disorders in the function of the immunological system, which appear as an impairment of cellular immunity and also as hypogammaglobulinemia. In the present experiment the level of leuco- and lymphocytosis has been studied. Furthermore, the activity of some lysosomal enzymes in blood lymphocytes, as well as the ability to incorporate labelled leucine shown by lymph nodes lymphocytes of deficient rats have been investigated. The rise in leuco- and lymphocytosis is similar to that reported by other authors. A significant rise in the activity of beta-glucuronidase as well as a considerable drop in the percentage of enzyme-negative lymphocytes have been observed as early as the first week of experiment. Tissue cultures of the lymph nodes, lymphocytes of deficient rats showed significantly lower values of labelled leucine incorporation with respect to the controls; in contrast, after phytohemagglutinin M stimulation the increase of incorporation in the lymphocytes of deficient and control rats was similar. Our findings may be indicative of some disorders in the redistribution of T and B lymphocytes in the blood and tissues of deficient rats. The observed cytochemical changes may be due to the intensification of autophagic processes in the lymphocytes that manifest a diminished ability to synthetize proteins.
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PMID:Cytoenzymatic studies on the lymphocytes of peripheral blood and lymphatic nodes of rats in an experimental magnesium deficiency. 30 98

For human mammary and ovarian carcinomas and transplantation tumours of rats clear hints found for an enzymatic-lytic effects of infiltrating tumour cells as a premise of the invasive tumour growth. In contrast in malignant melanomas there is no functional sign for a specific enzymatic-lytic effect of the living tumour cells to the surrounding tissue. In the mamma carinomas and ovarian carcinomas infiltratively growing tumour districts were characterized by an increased activity of the NADH-D, LDH, G-6-P-DH, IDH, MDH, SPase, UE, LAP and beta-GD. The transplantation tumours showed a high number of tumour cells with a high leucine amino-peptidase- and beta-glucuronidase-activity in a middle zone that was localized under the tumour edge district. The increased activity of the LAP and beta-GD found in the infiltration zone of the tumours is considered as an demonstration of a strong proteolytic activity of the tumour cells. The findings are discussed in the aspect of the invasive tumour growth.
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PMID:[Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations on invasive growth of tumour. I. Enzyme-histochemical investigations (author's transl)]. 40 21

A chemotactic peptide CHO.Met.Leu.Phe.OH has been synthesized classically using the mixed anhydride procedure. The formyl group was introduced by coupling formic acid in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to the partially protected triptide. The final product was obtained by treatment of the intermediate CHO.Met.Leu.Phe.OBzl with hydrogen fluoride. The ED50 of the peptide in the Boyden chamber assay was 7 x 10(-11) M; in the lysozyme release assay 2.4 x 10(-10) M and in the beta-glucuronidase release assay 2.6 x 10(-10) M. In a radioreceptor assay the ID50 of the peptide was 3.3 x 10(-10) M.
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PMID:Synthesis of Nalpha-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH: an inducer of chemotaxis in peritoneal polymorphonuclear neutrophils. 42 7

The activities of several enzymes in urine are masked by the presence of interfering substances in native urine. From several methods proposed for the removal of low molecular mass interferences dilution, dialysis, gel filtration, and ultrafiltration have been successfully applied. Gel filtration seems to be of these most suitable. I is effective, accurate, precise and economical. Scale-down procedures provide for acceptable speed. By this method the complete separation of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase and leucine arylamidase from low molecular mass substances, e.g. a heat-stable, competitive inhibitor of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was possible. The preparation and determination of urinary enzymes should be thoroughly standardized and controlled. Acceptable precision (coefficient of variation less than 10% between-day) can be achieved with manual spectrophotometric methods.
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PMID:Preparation of urine for enzyme determinations by gel filtration. 44 74

The distribution of 67Ga citrate at 24 h post injection has been studied in the normal tissues of the mouse, rat and dog; 13 transplantable mouse tumours and 7 rat tumours have also been examined. The total activities of four lysosomal enzymes, aryl sulphatase, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase and cathepsin-D were measured as well as the incorporation of thymidine-3H and leucine-14C ad indicators of DNA and protein synthesis. The results show a close correlation between 67Ga uptake and lysosomal enzyme activity in the tumours studied, which is an extension of the same relationship for normal tissues. It is suggested that the reported correlation between the uptake of 67Ga and the rate of cellular proliferation is secondary to the primary function of the lysosome in the localisation of the nuclide, lysosomal enzyme activity also being enhanced in situations of increased metabolic activity. A similar relationship appears to occur following administration of 111IN-Bleomycin and 99mTc-Citrate.
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PMID:The role of lysosomal enzyme activity in the localization of 67 gallium citrate. 49 45

The turnover properties of murine beta-glucuronidase in several tissues and at two subcellular sites have been determined by monitoring the radioactivity present in immunoprecipitated enzyme at a number of time points following the in vivo administration of a single radiolabeled protein precursor (either L-[3,4(-3H)]leucine or or NaH14CO3). In all experiments a considerable period of time was required for the attainment of maximum specific radioactivity in glucuronidase. Similar labeling kinetics was found when [3H]leucine incorporation was monitored in immunoprecipitated murine liver delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase. Half-life estimates of 2 to 3 days were obtained for glucuronidases of liver, kidney, and spleen. In most strains of inbred mice, it is known that approximately 60% of total liver glucuronidase activity resides in lysosomes, while 40% is within the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (Ganschow, R. E. and Paigen, K. (1968) Genetics 59, 335-349). These two subcellular forms of glucuronidase turn over at similar rates. Furthermore, the bulk of glucuronidase in the endoplasmic reticulum does not serve as precursor to lysosomal glucuronidase.
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PMID:Turnover of murine beta-glucuronidase. Comparison among liver, kidney, and spleen and between lysosomes and microsomes. 67 Feb 6


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