Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multiple platelet abnormalities were found in a patient with bleeding symptoms. The platelet content of ADP and PF 4 was decreased and the uptake of 14C-serotonin was impaired. The content of acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was, however, normal and these enzymes were normally released or made available by bovine fibrinogen or ADP. There was no adhesion of platelet to collagen, which also failed to induce reptilase clot retraction, platelet aggregation and release of any of the platelet constituents. The platelets therefore exhibited signs of thrombocytopathy of a combined type with a decreased storage pool as well as a qualitative dysfunction with impaired reactivity to collagen.
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PMID:A new abnormality of platelet functions. Association of storage pool disease (thrombocytopathia A) with impaired reactivity of platelets to collagen. 5 81

Experimental lathyrism was produced in young albino mice with a diet containing 50% sweet pea seed (Lathyrus odoratus). After 7 days on the lathyritic diet, sections of themandibular molar and incisor periodontal ligaments, when oxidized and treated with aldehyde fuchsin, demonstrated enhanced staining of the oxytalan fibers and numerous vessels. At this time aldehyde fuchsin or orcein also revealed marked pathological changes in the periodntal ligament of all molars. When athyrism was prolonged for 12 weeks, both the molar and incisor oxytalan systems were still readily identifiable although the molar periodontal ligament continued to be serverely affected by lathyrism. The oxytalan fibers retained their characteristic tooth-vascular association in all of the lathyritic mice. Oxytalan fibers of the lathyritic and control animals showed similar reactions to enzyme digestion with beta-glucuronidase, elastase, and pepsin. However, gingival elastic fibers reacted in a different way from oxytalan fibers with beta-glucuronidase and elastase treatment. These findings indicate that in the lathyritic mouse the oxytalan fiber system of functioning teeth possesses a high degree of permanence and is metabolically distinct from collagen and elastic fibers.
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PMID:The oxytalan fiber system in the mandibular periodontal ligament of the lathyritic mouse. 6 1

Avian thromboyctes are aggregated by a number of substances that cause platelet aggregation, and evidence suggests that this response is related to the release of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) from intracellular granules. In this study duck thrombocytes released 5-HT during collagen-induced aggregation, but thrombocytes incubated with 14C-labeled adenine did not release radioactive adenine nucleotides. These results indicate the existence of a metabolic pool of adenine nucleotides that is separate from released constituents of the cell. No unlabeled adenine compounds were detected in the supernatants of aggregated thrombocytes indicating either the rapid alteration of released nucleotides or the absence of a specific release pool of adenine nucleotides. Finally there is no release of the intracellular enzyme markers, lactate dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase, during collagen-induced aggregation. These findings suggest that avian thrombocytes exhibit a specific release reaction and that serotonin acts as the functional counterpart of ADP in platelet aggregation.
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PMID:Aggregation and release in thrombocytes of the duck. 16 94

The brain area of female rats three months of age was exposed to 2 krd of X-rays, and various biochemical parameters were retermined as well as NAD(H) in vivo fluorescence of the brain surface after time intervals from one day to 18 months. During the early period, an increase in the uptake of alpha-aminobutyrate (AIB) and a temporary depression in beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin activity followed by an activation at one month was seen. Somewhat later, acid phosphatase increases. During the intermediate period, DNA and serotonin content and AIB uptake by brain increase, whereas AIB uptake by heart and muscle decreases. A fall in sialic acid content is also noted at this time. During the late phase collagen increases, AIB uptake by brain and liver decreases. No changes were found with respect to NAD(H) fluorescence and its response to breathing of low oxygen concentrations.
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PMID:Late effects in the central nervous system. A study of biochemical alterations after local exposure of the rat brain to 2 krd. 18 Jun 35

Amino-acid analyses on the acid hydrolysates of an angiofibroma and skin established that the former tissue contained less collagen than skin based on the reduced content of hydroxyproline, glycine, proline and alanine in the tumour. From lysosomal enzyme measurements it became evident that the specific activities of the hexosaminidases, beta-glucuronidase and beta-galactosidase were elevated. Analyses of the alcohol insoluble fraction following pronase digestion revealed that the tumour contained more acidic glycosaminoglycan (AG) than skin as assessed by uronic acid and hexosamine measurements. More outstanding, however, was the seven-fold increase in the total carbohydrate in the AG fraction of the tumour. The overall composition of this fraction was very similar to comparable material from foetal skin except that the tumour fraction contained increased sulphate concentration.
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PMID:Chemical analysis of an angiofibroma from a patient with tuberous sclerosis. 20 95

1. Both activities of hepatic collagenase and lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) have been observed in the recovery from experimental hepatic fibrosis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride for 6 to 20 weeks, and compared with the disappearance of newly formed collagen fibers in the recovery process. 2. In the process of experimental hepatic fibrosis, collagenase activity reached maximum on sethe accumulation of collagen fibers in reversible hepatic fibrosis, but decreased to the same level as that of non-treated rat liver in cirrhotic stage. In the reocvery from reversible hepatic fibrosis, collagenase activity reached maximum on second day after the discontinuation of carbon tetrachloride, and decreased to the same extent of that of non-treated rat liver on seventh day. 3. Lysosomal enzyme activity was parallel to the activity of hepatic collagenase and to the accumulation of collagen fibers in the process of hepatic fibrosis. In the recovery stage, lysosomal enzyme activity in mesenchymal cells within the septa increased markedly on second day after the discontinuation of toxic agent but turned to the same level of that of non-treated rat liver seven days later, which was consistent with the appearance and disappearance of collagenase activity. On the other hand the appearance of lysosomal enzymes activities in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes was different from that of collagenase activity. That is lysosomal enzyme activity in Kupffer cells decreased in early days but increased five days later, and the enzyme activity in hepatocytes markedly decreased but gradually recovered to normal level seven days later. 4. The appearance of collagenase was observed at the beginning of the recovery stage. It indicates that mammalian collagenase initiates the collagen degradation and lysosomal enzymes might have a role in the subsequent degradation of collagen.
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PMID:Different appearance of hepatic collagenase and lysosomal enzymes in recovery of experimental hepatic fibrosis. 22 Sep 94

The effect of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) on degradation of collagen was studied during 10 days in organ culture of cat palatal mucosa by measuring the release of hydroxyproline to the culture medium. In parallel, the activities of beta-glucuronidaase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as markers for lysosomal and cytosokic enzymes, respectively, were registered in the tissues and in the culture medium and the glucose consumption was also measured. DPH caused a 36% inhibition of the cumulative release of hydroxyproline to the medium. The activities in the media of beta-glucuronidase and LDH showed a 23% and 30% reduction, respectively. The glucose consumption was unaltered by the drug. The results show that one way by which DPH may interfere with collagen degradation is by blocking enzyme release from the cells.
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PMID:The effect of diphenylhydantoin upon enzyme release in relation to collagen degradation in cat palatal mucosa during organ culture. 50 11

1. The total content of neutral sugars in skin of the weanling albino rats kept on the protein-deficient diet was increased by about 40%; this was mainly due to the increased concentration of galactose. The content of sialic acid was increased by about 20%. The collagen nitrogen was decreased significantly, with a concomitant increase of non-collagen nitrogen. At the same time, the content of sulphated glycosaminoglycans in skin was significantly decreased and that of non-sulphated glycosaminoglycans was increased. 2. Protein-deficient diet enhanced the activities of the protein-bound carbohydrate-degrading lysosomal hydrolases, viz. cathepsin D (EC 3.4.4.23), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) and beta-D-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) both in liver and skin. The activity of liver hyaluronidase (EC 3.2.1.35) was also increased upon limitation of protein supply. 3. The changes observed in skin were accompanied by increased concentration of the protein-bound hexoses, hexosamines and sialic acids in serum, and of hexosamine and uronic acid in urine. The serum fucose remained unchanged.
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PMID:Effect of protein deficiency on the metabolism of glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans in albino rat skin. 54 53

Halofenate--free acid (HFA), the major metabolite of the hypolipidemic drug, halofenate, inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen and sodium arachidonate and blocked the second phase of aggregation caused by ADP, thrombin and epinephrine in human platelet-rich plasma. The aggregation of washed platelets by thrombin and collagen was also blocked. HFA also inhibited the release by thrombin and collagen of 5-hydroxytryptamine from dense granules of platelets and the release by thrombin of beta-glucuronidase from platelet alpha-granules. These inhibitory effects were concentration and time-dependent. HFA decreased platelet factor 3 activity by 31% and also inhibited the incorporation of 14C-acetate and U-14C-glucose into platelet lipids by 89% and 56% respectively. Thrombin-induced lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin formation was investigated by measuring the by-product malonyldialdehyde, and this was found to be inhibited by HFA. It is suggested that the effect of HFA on aggregation is attributable to inhibition of the release reaction which may in turn be a consequence of the effects of the drug on platelet lipid synthesis.
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PMID:The effect of halofenate--free acid on aggregation--the release reaction, coagulant activity, and lipid metabolism of human platelets. 57 7

The dorsal surface of the rabbit ear was found to be a suitable place for the production of long-lasting lymphoedema. Its major tissues (skin and sub cutaneous) are those to which secondary lymphoedema is confined in clinical situations. After 32 weeks of partial lymphatic blockade total tissue activity levels of neutral proteinase and beta-glucuronidase were depressed while alkaline phosphatase was elevated. Subsequent complete lymphatic blockade for a further 5 weeks resulted in severe fibrosis of the s.c. tissues. The total tissue activity levels of 3 characteristic lysosomal macrophage hydrolases--acid protease, beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase--were significantly increased. There were strong correlations between the activity levels of these enzymes and the extent of fibrosis, increased fibrosis being characterized by higher activity levels. This, together with other evidence, suggested--as fibrosis became more severe--the total number of macrophages increased, but a high proportion of these were non-stimulated. Since these cells (when stimulated) are normally responsible for the lysis of collagen and removal of fibrotic tissue the impairment of their function as occurs in chronic lymphoedema results in further fibrosis and the continuation of the vicious circle.
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PMID:Lymphoedema of the rabbit ear following partial and complete lymphatic blockade; its effects on fibrotic development, enzyme types and their activity levels. 67 48


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