Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ability of epsilon-amino caproic acid (EACA)-treated normal serum and of cystic fibrosis (CF)-affected and carrier sera to promote the release of lysosomal enzymes from sensitized human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was assessed through the measurement of beta-glucuronidase and myeloperoxidase activity after exposure of these cells to the various test sera. This study was initiated to extend the analogies between preciliary dyskinesia factor (pre-CDF), separated from the cell-free media of cultures derived from CF homozygous and heterozygous individuals, and C3a anaphylatoxin. The extent of lysosomal degranulation of human PMN exposed to fresh untreated sera of each of five controls, seven CF homozygotes, and eight heterozygotes, as expressed by the amount of beta-glucuronidase releases, was 7.84% (+/- 0.934) for countrol sera, 14.01% (+/- 1.79) for CF-affected sera, and 10.61% (+/- 1.43) for heterozygous sera. The difference between CF homozygotes and control subjects is significatn (P less than 0.0001), as is the difference between CF-affected and carrier individuals (0.001 less than P less than 0.005) and between control subjects and carriers (0.001 less than P less than 0.005), when beta-glucuronidase. However, the differences between control subjects and CF heterozygous individuals are not significant. Treatment of these sera with 1 M EACA gave values for beta-glucuronidase and myeloperoxidase release which are slightly reduced when compared with those obtained with fresh, untreated samples. EACA apparently reduces the activity of beta-glucuronidase released from PMN. Amicon filtration studies of these serum samples demonstrated that degranulating ability and the presence of cilicary dyskinesia, as assessed by rabbit tracheal bioassay, are not always associated. Therefore, the relationship between pre-CDF and the degranulator activity in native CF-affected and carrier sera is unclear, in part because of the limitations inherent in the test systems employed.
Pediatr Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Demonstration of human leukocyte degranulation induced by sera from homozygotes and heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis. 17 51

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl) propionic acid (Flurbiprofen, FP-70) was studied by various analysis in comparison with other drugs. It was found in the test of rat edema induced by various phlogists that carrageenin and yeast-induced edemas were markedly inhibited by FP-70, whereas dextran, formalin, serotonin and bradykinin-induced edemas were scarcely inhibited by FP-70. The action of FP-70 was similar to that of soy bean trypsin inhibitor. However, FP-70 showed no effects on kinin synthetase and kininase. FP-70 showed a marked inhibition on prostaglandin synthesis. The inhibitory effect of FP-70 was 10.1, 96.5 and 2280.6 times as large as indomethacin, ibuprofen and acetylsalicylic acid, respectively. FP-70 did not inhibit the permeability of dye induced by prostaglandin E2 in the rat skin. FP-70 inhibited the acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities of isolated lysosome of rat liver and also suppressed the release of acid phosphatase from the lysosome. These effects were similar to those of indomethacin. On the other hand, FP-70 suppressed markedly the heat-induced hemolysis of dog erythrocytes. The effect was similar to that of indomethacin and was 10 times stronger than those of ibuprofen, ibufenac and phenylbutazone. Activation of rat liver mitochondrial ATPase by FP-70 at a concentration of 10 muM was 74.7%, while indomethacin showed 37.8% activation at the same concentration. FP-70 as well as ibuprofen and phenylbutazone uncoupled the oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria. From the above and previously reported results, it is suggested that the potent anti-inflammatory action of FP-70 is the result of the following effects; inhibition on the protein and leucocyte migration, inhibition on the prostaglandin synthesis, stabilization of the cell membrane and activation of ATPase.
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1976 Sep
PMID:[Mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl) propionic acid (flurbiprofen)]. 18 38

Ten weekly doses of dimethylhydrazine (30 mg/kg) were given to rats to induce colonic tumors. Histochemical and electron cytochemical studies revealed a distinct pattern of lysosomal acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity in macrophages in the stroma of these neoplasms. A dramatic increase in the number of acid phosphatase-rich macrophages was present in adenomas when compared to that in normal colonic mucosa. Fewer numbers of these cells were seen in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, and they were barely detectable in highly invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas. It is postulated that these macrophages may play a role in preventing the invasion of adenomatous neoplasms into the submucosa. Application of histochemical techniques to study macrophage lysosomal enzymes may prove a useful diagnostic tool in differentiation of human colonic tumors for prognostic evaluation.
Cancer Res 1978 Sep
PMID:Lysosomal enzymes in macrophages of colonic tumors induced in rats by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. 20 89

The activity of certain enzymes of energy metabolism (cytochrome c oxidase, citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and of lysosomes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosamindase, arylsuphatase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, acid phosphatase, and cathepsin D) was assayed from m. rectus femoris of mice trained 5 days per week, 1 hr per day for 4 weeks according to 4 different programmes: I. running speed 20 m/min, horizontal track, II. 25 m/min, horizontal track, III. 20 m/min 8 degrees uphill inclination, and IV. 25 m/min 8 degrees uphill inclination. Oxidative capacity increased and anaerobic capacity decreased without distinction between the different traning programmes. Of acid hydrolases assayed the activities of beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin D were increased independently of training intensity. Simultaneous histochemical observations on beta-glucuronidase and arylsulphatase activities in the contralateral m. rectus femoris showed more intense staining in red as compared to white muscle fibres. It is suggested that training affected the red fibres and that the applied level of loading was probably too low to cause major involvement of white fibres.
Acta Physiol Scand 1978 Sep
PMID:Oxidative and lysosomal capacity in skeletal muscle of mice after endurance training of different intensities. 21 99

Adult, untrained NMRI mice were exhausted on a motor-driven treadmill by an intermittent-type running programme. Serial cryostate sections for the staining of NADH-tetrazolium reductase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and beta-glycerophosphatase activities and for making hematoxylin-eosin staining were cut from m. quadriceps femoris 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 15 days after physical exhaustion. A strong increase in the activities of beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was observed 7 days after exhaustion and the activity changes, which were similar for the both glycosidases, were more prominent in the highly oxidative red compared to less oxidative white fibres. Activity granules were more numerous in the perinuclear than the interfibrillar area of red fibres. Spots were arranged like longitudinal chains between myofibrils. Activity in connective tissue was usually observed only in animals exhausted 3--7 days earlier. Simultaneous activity in fibres exceeded that in connective tissue. beta-Glycerophosphatase activity was not, by the method used, seen in histologically "healthy" or normal-looking fibres. In samples taken 2--5 days after exhaustion some degenerating and necrotic fibres were observed. Inflammatory reaction was also observed being at its strongest five days after loading when mononuclear cells were seen inside necrotic fibres. The number of regenerating muscle cells was most abundant 7 days after exhaustion. It is suggested that temporary hypoxia, which accompanies exhaustive physical exercise in skeletal muscle, upsets the energy metabolism and homeostasis of fibres and causes the observed histological and histochemical alterations, which possess features typical of both lethal and sublethal acute cell injury.
Histochemistry 1978 Sep 15
PMID:Exhaustive physical exercise and acid hydrolase activity in mouse skeletal muscle. A histochemical study. 21 5

The fine structure of the rabbit adrenal cortex was investigated. The parenchymal cells display the ultrastructural features of steroid-producing cells, and also contain numerous electron-dense bodies frequently located near intercellular canaliculi, when open into the subendothelial space. Short-term ACTH-administration induced a noticeable decrease in the volume of the lipid compartment in the cells of all three cortical zones and a significant increase in the volume of dense bodies in the cells of zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. The hypothesis that these dense bodies are secretory granules is discussed in the light of biochemical evidence showing that ACTH increases the concentration of both corticosterone and cortisol in the decapsulated-enucleated adrenal homogenate and does not affect the activity of two lysosome-marker enzymes (i.e., acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase).
Cell Tissue Res 1979 Sep 03
PMID:Fine structure of the rabbit adrenal cortex and the effects of short-term ACTH administration. 22 55

Human platelet plasma membranes were isolated with polylysine beads according to the technique developed by Jacobson and Branton (1977, Science [Wash. D. C.] 195:302--304). Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed surface iodination revealed that ninefold greater 125I specific activity was associated with the membranes isolated on beads than with whole platelets. Enrichment in the bead membrane preparation of the activities of membrane marker enzymes, bis(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate phosphodiesterase and Na,K-ATPase, was 8.0 and 4.4, respectively. Contamination with enzymes of other organelles, cytochrome oxidase and beta-glucuronidase, was relatively low as compared with membranes isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Analysis by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that a full complement of surface glycoproteins was present on the membranes isolated with polylysine beads. The polylysine bead technique is a rapid, reproducible and efficient method for the preparation of relatively pure platelet plasma membranes.
J Cell Biol 1979 Sep
PMID:Isolation of human platelet plasma membranes with polylysine beads. 22 8

56 human liver biopsy specimens with insignificant or no histological changes, but with abnormally strong canalicular alkaline phosphatase activity, were studied histochemically for other enzyme changes. In comparison with normal specimens, more extensive and increased canalicular activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase, and increase of canalicular leucine aminopeptidase, was found, while the sinusoidal activity of the latter enzyme was decreased. Staining for adenosine triphosphatase regularly desclosed the normal pattern of sinusoidal and canalicular activity. The lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase, stained more intensely than ordinarily, while the reactions for enzymes present in the cytosol (lactic dehydrogenase), in the mitochondria (succinic dehydrogenase, imonoamine oxidase) and in the endoplasmic reticulum (glucose-6-phosphatase) were normal.
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A 1975 Sep
PMID:On histochemical enzyme changes in association with canalicular activity of alkaline phosphatase in human liver. 24 Dec 3

Human beta-glucuronidase (beta-D-glucuronide glucuronosohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.31), like many other glycoprotein lysosomal hydrolases, is subject to receptor-mediated endocytosis by fibroblasts. Prior work demonstrated charge heterogeneity in beta-glucuronidase and showed that high-uptake forms are more acidic than slowly internalized forms. Considerable indirect evidence implicated mannose 6-phosphate as an essential part of the recognition marker on high-uptake enzyme forms. Here we report the purification of beta-glucuronidase from human spleen and demonstrate enzymatically that mannose 6-phosphate is released on acid hydrolysis of pure enzyme varies directly with its susceptibility to pinocytosis by fibroblasts. Enzyme forms resolved by CM-Sephadex chromatography differed over an 18-fold range in uptake rate and in mannose 6-phosphate content. The most acidic forms had 4.4 mol of mannose 6-phosphate per mol of enzyme. The mannose 6-phosphate was released from the enzyme by treatment with endoglycosidase H with concomitant loss of susceptibility to adsorptive endocytosis. Thus, these studies provide direct evidence that mannose 6-phosphate is present on high-uptake enzyme forms, that it is present in the recognition marker for uptake, and that it is present on oligosaccharide that is released by endoglycosidase H.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 Sep
PMID:Enzymatic identification of mannose 6-phosphate on the recognition marker for receptor-mediated pinocytosis of beta-glucuronidase by human fibroblasts. 29 66

beta-Glucuronidase activity was semiquantitatively estimated in the cells of lymph node (LN) imprints from patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), normal lymph nodes, and benign lymphadenopathies. In addition, in some of these cases beta-glucuronidase activity was semiquantitatively determined in peripheral blood smear lymphocytes. The beta-glucuronidase score (betaGS) was very low in the cells of the LN imprints from patients with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The LN lymphocytes of HD had a normal betaGS independently of the histological subtype of the disease, while in the LN imprint of CLL the enzyme activity was low, normal, or high. The betaGS of the lymphocytes in LN imprints of normal controls and HD were in general significantly lower compared with he lymphocytes of the peripheral blood smears in the same cases. The relation of our findings to the B and T cell origin of malignant lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is discussed.
J Clin Pathol 1977 Sep
PMID:Beta-glucuronidase activity of lymph node imprints from malignant lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. 30 44


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