Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brush border enzymes of proximal tubules, lysosomal activities and protein content of rat kidney were analysed after whole-body irradiation using two different experimental schedules. Maltase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities increased moderately during the first days after irradiation, whereas LAP, cathespsin D activities and protein content were not modified. No evident morphologic alterations were observed.
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PMID:Early effects in kidney enzyme activities after irradiation. 39 79

Enzymaticaly homogeneous fractions of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils were isolated by zonal centrifugation from peripheral blood of a patient with hairy cell leukemia, or leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, LRE,(with leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and massive splenomegaly). To detect enzymatic deficiencies, the cells were analyzed quantitatively for six leukocytic enzymes on three occasions: 1) before splenectomy, 2) 5 days after splenectomy, and 3) 6 weeks after splenectomy. Before splenectomy, the patient's cells showed moderate deficiency of beta-glucuronidase in lymphocytes and monocytes; server to modorate deficiency of lysozyme and myeloperoxidase in monocytes and granulocytes; and complete absence of neutral protease and alkaline phosphates in neutrophils. Full restoration of neutral protease and a three-fold rise in alkaline phosphatase activities occurred in the patient's neutrophils 5 days after splenectomy. Lysozyme and myeloperoxidase returned to normal in both monocytes and neutrophils of the patient. Six weeks following splenectomy, the alkaline phosphatase activity again disappeared from patient's neutrophils, although neutral protease remained normal. The patient's lymphocytes were unresponsive to PHA and PW mitogen before splenectomy but became responsive 6 weeks postoperatively. Monocytic transfomation into macrophges was supressed before and after splenectomy. The findings indicate that developmenally, in lymphocytic leukemia, a biochemical defect involves the patient's monocytes and neutrophils much more severely than it affects the leukemic lymphocytes. Functionally, the results partly explain the susceptibility of LRE patients to microbial infections.
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PMID:Absence of neutral protease and alkaline phosphatase in neutrophils of a case of hairy cell leukemia. 43 13

The activities of several enzymes in urine are masked by the presence of interfering substances in native urine. From several methods proposed for the removal of low molecular mass interferences dilution, dialysis, gel filtration, and ultrafiltration have been successfully applied. Gel filtration seems to be of these most suitable. I is effective, accurate, precise and economical. Scale-down procedures provide for acceptable speed. By this method the complete separation of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase and leucine arylamidase from low molecular mass substances, e.g. a heat-stable, competitive inhibitor of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was possible. The preparation and determination of urinary enzymes should be thoroughly standardized and controlled. Acceptable precision (coefficient of variation less than 10% between-day) can be achieved with manual spectrophotometric methods.
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PMID:Preparation of urine for enzyme determinations by gel filtration. 44 74

In 24 men aged 32 to 58 years with precancerous states of the larynx, i.e., leukoplakia, papillomas and pachydermia the peripheral blood lymphocytes were cytochemically stained for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase and glycogen; and the neutrophils were stained for alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase and lipids. The results were expressed in terms of the absolute counts of reaction-positive cells and of the activity index score. The serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM were also determined by Mancini's method. The results obtained were compared with those in 20 healthy men aged 20 to 30 years. The patients exhibited elevated numbers of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase-positive lymphocytes. A characteristic feature was an increase in the absolute counts of lymphocytes with diffuse and granular-diffuse types of cytochemical reaction for all enzymes studied. The number of cells with the granular type of enzymatic reaction (intact enzyme-positive lysosomes) was significantly diminished. These cytochemical alterations were accompanied by a significant increase in the serum IgA level. These results are discussed with reference to the lymphoid system response to tissues of precancerous lesions of the larynx. So far as the neutrophils are concerned the patients exhibited significant intracellular deficiency of beta-glucuronidase and decrease in the lipid content as well as an elevated alkaline phosphatase activity. The possible significance of the beta-glucuronidase deficiency in neutrophils for the diminished cytotoxic response of these cells against the tumor and precancerous lesion cells is discussed.
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PMID:Lymphocytes, neutrophils and serum immunoglobulins in patients with precancerous states of the larynx. 44 57

Rats receiving with drinking water a 0.4% solution of a-butyl-N-butanol-nitrosamine developed by 4 months transitional cell papillomas and by 10 months transitional cell carcinomas in their urinary bladders. Histochemical examinations of the transitional epithelium in the course of malignization revealed a gradual decrease in the activity of nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and increased activity of monoaminoxidase and beta-glucuronidase. A significantly increased activity of nonspecific acid phosphatase was observed in areas of squamous cell metaplasia.
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PMID:[Changes in the urinary bladders of rats during experimental carcinogenesis]. 52 62

The specific activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its M-type (M-LDH), beta-glucuronidase (beta-GR), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were determined. The specific activities of the enzymes (LDH, beta-GR) in the myometrium were lower and their changes less pronounced than in the endometrium. We, therefore, determined the enzymes in the rat endometrium only in further experiments. All enzymes react sensitively to the changes induced in the endometrium by endogenous hormones in the course of a 4-day cycle: pro-oestrus (P) is characterized by rather low enzyme activities, oestrus (E) by a peak of LDH and M-LDH and a rise of AP. In metoestrus (M) there is a peak of beta-GR, ACP and AP. Dioestrus (D) is characterized by a significant decrease in LDH and M-LDH and by elevated values of all the other enzymes. The values on the individual days of the 4-day cycle were compared with days 4-6 of pregnancy. The reason for this was that if the rats were not mated, they would, respectively, return to pro-oestrus instead of being 4 days pregnant, to oestrus instead of being 5 days pregnant, or to metoestrus instead of being 6 days pregnant. We found the following differences: on day 4 of pregnancy LDH and M-LDH were lower and ACP and AP higher than in P. On day 5 of pregnancy the LDH, M-LDH, beta-GR and AP were lower than in E. On day 6 of pregnancy the LDH, M-LDH, ACP and especially beta-GR, were lower than in M.
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PMID:Rat endometrium enzymes in 4-day oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. 57 74

Cytochemical investigations performed in 24 men with precancerous states of the larynx, i.e. leukoplakia, papillomas and pachydermia, indicated that the peripheral blood neutrophils from these patients exhibit a significant intracellular deficiency of beta-glucuronidase activity and of total lipids, as well as an increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activities did not differ significantly between patients and normal controls. In the authors' opinion, the neutrophil beta-glucuronidase deficiency might be a specific disturbance of neutrophils in the precancerous states and the cancer of the larynx. The possible significance of this disturbance and the subsequent decrease of antitumor immune reactivity are discussed.
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PMID:The enzymatic equipment of neutrophils in patients with precancerous states of the larynx. 63 1

The activity and distribution of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterases, beta-glucuronidase, and aminopeptidase were examined in the transplantable R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma and compared with those in the four prostatic lobes of the rat. Both the well and poorly differentiated tumor cells in R-3327 carcinoma were characterized by high activities of beta-glucuronidase and aminopeptidase. The poorly differentiated cells had a high alkaline phosphatase activity. The enzymatic profile of the R-3327 adenocarcinoma closely resembled that of the anterior and dorsal prostate. The origin of the tumor in one of these prostatic lobes is probable, but not certain.
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PMID:Enzyme activity and distribution in rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. 63 35

Adsorptive endocytosis of five different lysosomal enzymes from various human and non-human sources was susceptible to inhibition by mannose and l-fucose, methyl alpha-d-mannoside, alpha-anomeric p-nitrophenyl glycosides of mannose and l-fucose, mannose 6-phosphate and fructose 1-phosphate. A few exceptions from this general scheme were observed for particular enzymes, particularly for beta-glucuronidase from human urine. The inhibition of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase endocytosis by mannose, p-nitrophenyl alpha-d-mannoside and mannose 6-phosphate was shown to be competitive. The loss of endocytosis after alkaline phosphatase treatment of lysosomal enzymes supports the hypothesis that the phosphorylated sugars compete with a phosphorylated carbohydrate on the enzymes for binding to the cell-surface receptors [Kaplan, Achord & Sly (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.74, 2026-2030]. Endocytosis of ;low-uptake' forms of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase and alpha-mannosidase was likewise susceptible to inhibition by sugar phosphates and by alkaline phosphatase treatment, suggesting that ;low-uptake' forms are either contaminated with ;high-uptake' forms or are internalized via the same route as ;high-uptake' forms. The existence of an alternative route for adsorptive endocytosis of lysosomal enzymes is indicated by the unaffected adsorptive endocytosis of rat liver beta-glucuronidase in the presence of phosphorylated sugars and after treatment with alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Evidence for lysosomal enzyme recognition by human fibroblasts via a phosphorylated carbohydrate moiety. 64 6

An interstitial cell reaction was produced in guinea pigs by repeated doses of complete Freund's adjuvant. The resulting changes were investigated with enzymehistochemical and immunopathological methods. Histologically there were diffuse or focal interstitial infiltrations of histiocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and some eosinophils. Enzymehistochemically a strong activity of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase is found in an increased number of alveolar macrophages, in contrast to the poor enzyme content of the interstitial cell infiltrations. Only some granulomas with starting fibrosis, visible after 6 weeks, exhibit an activity of leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase. Immunopathologically, with the aid of anti-guinea pig-globulin, no immunoglobulins could be detected in the lungs of all animals.
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PMID:[Enzymehistochemical and immunopathological findings in the guinea pig lung after repeated doses of Freund's adjuvant (author's transl)]. 65 42


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