Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From a T-DNA tagged Arabidopsis population, a line, M-57 showing GUS (beta-glucuronidase) expression in the vascular regions of young roots was identified. Southern analysis revealed presence of a single T-DNA insert. Using inverse PCR, the plant sequence flanking the T-DNA insertion was cloned. The insertion was identified to be in the intergenic area between loci At4G13940 and At4G13930, coding for SAHH (S-Adenosyl-l-Homocysteine Hydrolase) and SHMT (Serine Hydroxy Methyl Transferase) genes, respectively. A 452-bp fragment immediately upstream of the T-DNA insertion when cloned and mobilized as a GUS fusion was capable of driving a similar root-specific expression of reporter gene in transgenic Arabidopsis plants and their progenies. This cryptic promoter element does not show the presence of any known root-specific promoter element.
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PMID:T-DNA tagging and characterization of a cryptic root-specific promoter in Arabidopsis. 1630 4

The presence of the conjugated marijuana metabolite 11-nor-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THCA) glucuronide in oral fluid specimens is described for the first time. Oral fluid specimens were collected using a Quantisal device and analyzed for the presence of THCA using two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometric (GC-MS) detection both before and after hydrolysis. The nature of the conjugation was determined by analyzing specimens from a marijuana user without hydrolysis, with base hydrolysis, with beta-glucuronidase treatment, and hydrolysis using sulfatase only. Treatment with sodium hydroxide proved to be the most efficient hydrolytic procedure. Specimens collected over 48 h showed an average conjugation of over 64.5%. The specimens were also analyzed for the active component, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which was detected in the oral fluid, in most cases, for up to 24 h. Parent THC was not found to be glucuronide bound. Specimens were then subjected to commercially available immunoassays in order to determine their utility as screening procedures. The metabolite, THCA, was detected in all samples up to and including the specimen 48 h after smoking, using the more sensitive screening assay and two-dimensional GC-MS. Moreover, proof that the THCA is conjugated in oral fluid minimizes concerns associated with passive inhalation.
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PMID:Detection of conjugated 11-nor-Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid in oral fluid. 1755 41


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