Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The histrochemistry of the adrenal glands was studied in four adult male marmosets (two Callithrix jacchus and two Callithrix penicillata). It was impossible to demonstrate any reactivity to UDPG-GT, ADH, alanyl aminopeptidase, leucine aminopeptidase, xilitol (NAD-dependent) dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase and aryl-sulfatase in these glands. Total phosphorylase was found in scattered cells of the glomerulosa and adjacent outer fasciculata of one C. penicillata. The dehydrogenases (LDH, G-6-PDH,6-PGDH, NADPH2-TR,ICDH,SDH,NADH2-TR, alpha-GPDH, beta-OHBDH) as well as the hydrolases (except alkaline phosphatase, ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase) showed a stonger reactivity in the cortical part. Some hydrolases (naphthol acetate esterase, acid phosphatase) and cytochrome oxidase were less reactive in the zona glomerulosa, where the dehydrogenases were more abundant. The outer fasciculata and the reticularis also showed a strong dehydrogenase reactivity.
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PMID:Histochemical studies on the adrenal glands of the marmosets (Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata). 0 44

Large quantities of the low-molecular-weight natriuretic material (F4), which appears after the salts when fractionated on G-25 Sephadex column, were obtained from the urine of normal man on a normal diet. The natriuretic substance in F4 was (1) untrafiltrable through a membrane with a claimed molecular-weight cut-off of 500 daltons (Amicon UMO5); (2) soluble in more polar organic solvents; (3) totally soluble in 95% acetone when specific activity was doubled; (4) relatively resistant to heating at 100 degrees C for 1 hour at a pH of 10, and to heating at 110 degrees C in 6 N hydrochloric acid for up to 90 hours under anaerobic conditions, and treatment with nitrous acid; it was less resistant to these procedures when extracted into 95% acetone; (5) not destroyed by trypsin, chymotrypsin, pronase, pepsin, leucine aminopeptidase, and subtilysin, nor was it destroyed by pepsin, leucine aminopeptidase, subtilysin, carboxypeptidase A and B, and aminopeptidase M, or by monoamine oxidase, aryl sulphatase, and beta-glucuronidase when extracted into 95% acetone. The natriuretic substance in the 95% acetone-soluble F4 was totally destroyed by incubation with prolidase. The least amount of 95% acetone-soluble F4 required to produce a significant natriuresis in the bioassay rat was that derived from a 7-min sample of urine. The maximal response was obtained from a 30-min sample of urine. Continuous i.v. infusion of the 95% acetone-soluble F4 for 40 min produced a sustained natriuresis, whereas a greater amount injected as a bolus produced an effect which was not sustained beyond 20 min.
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PMID:Further observations on a low-molecular-weight natriuretic substance in the urine of normal man. 4 87

The histochemistry of the hepatic parenchymal cells was studied in four Callithrix jacchus. A large amount of glycogen was noted throughout the lobules while the UDPG-GT and the phosphorylases were found unevenly distributed by the hepatic strands with different degrees of reactivity. Near the central vein one of the livers showed PAS-positive nuclear corpuscles that were more conspicuous in the hepatic cells with a larger amount of cytoplasmic glycogen and weaker UDPG-GT and phosphorylase reactivities. G-6PA (in a larger amount) and LDH (in a moderate amount) were found evenly distributed in the hepatic strands. F-1-6PA was seen sometimes with a stronger reactivity at the peripheral part of the lobules. The enzymes of the pentose shunt (G-6PDH, 6-PGDH and NADPH-2-TR) reacted strongly and as a rule evenly distributed near the hepatic lobules. Occasionally they reacted more intensely in the row of hepatic cells disposed just around the central vein. Cytochrome oxidase showed a very faint reaction. Cis-aconitase and ICDH were weak or moderate. NADH-2-TR more than SDH more than MDH were seen frequently diffused near the hepatic strands. SDH and MDH in some instances showed a stronger reactivity in the row or group of hepatic cells around the central vein. ATPase at pH 6.3 was negative in the marmoset liver; ATPase at pH 7.4 was mainly found in the wall of the portal area vessels; ATPase at pH 8.5 showed a stronger reactivity in the cytoplasm of the hepatic cells and ATPase at pH 9.4 was more abundant in the bile capillaries. The reactivity of the lipid metabolism enzymes was moderate with regard to alpha-GPDH or negligible with regard to beta-OHBDH. Acid phosphatase showed a stronger reaction, but almost limited to the Kupffer cells. The hepatic cells showed only a moderate amount of RNA. Some enzymes of the protein metabolism, such as GDH and leucine aminopeptidase showed a stronger reactivity while some others, such as alanyl aminopeptidase and MAO, were seen diffused near the hepatic lobules in a small amount. Enzymes of the mucopolysaccharide metabolism were not found at all (beta-glucuronidase) or showed only a weak reactivity, such as xylitol dehydrogenase.
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PMID:Histochemical data on the liver of the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). 16 44

3 patients with chronic nephropathies were given 20 ml of a diatrizoate-X-ray contrast medium, 500 ml of a 10% mannitol solution and 500 ml of a 10% dextran solution intravenously, and the behaviour of the excretion of protein, alanine aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase, aryl sulphatase A and lysozyme with the urine was tested. After application of these substances a transient increase of the excretion of alanine aminopeptidase, aryl sulphatase A and protein takes place. Conspicuous is the temporary decrease of the beta-glucuronidase activity in the urine after application of these hypertonic solutions. As a common cause of these changes alterations of the tubular cell in the sense of an osmotic nephropathy are to be assumed.
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PMID:[Enzymes in urine following administration of hypertonic solutions]. 119 80

Activity of alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), beta-glucuronidase, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in daily urine has been determined in 27 children with nephrotic syndrome, 14 children in remission, and 11 healthy children. It was found, that these enzymes activity is significantly increased in sick children in comparison with healthy ones. Similarly, the activity of AAP and NAG in daily urine is statistically significantly higher in children with remission, than that in healthy children. An assay of these enzymes in the urine may be used in the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome and in the evaluation of its course.
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PMID:[Activity of alanine aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase in urine of children with nephrotic syndrome]. 168 76

We studied the therapeutic effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) in 5 cases with acute renal failure, resulting from traumatic shock in 1 case, post-operative shock in 2 cases, septic shock in 1 case, and dehydration in 1 case. We administered 300,000 u/day of UTI intravenously at the initial phase of acute renal failure for 7 days. We measured the activities of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and the activities of serum beta-glucuronidase, PMN-elastase serially. As a control, we also studied same markers in 5 cases with acute renal failure without the administration of UTI. We could obtain the following results. 1) Urinary activities of NAG and AAP were already elevated markedly at the onset phase of acute renal failure. 2) The administration of UTI caused a significant decrease of the activities of NAG and AAP in the urine as compared with those in the controls. 3) The administration of UTI caused also the significant suppression of the activities of beta-glucuronidase and PMN-elastase in the serum. These results suggested that UTI has the protective effects on the tubular epithelial cell injuries in cases of acute renal failure.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effects and influence on the urinary enzyme activity of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (urinastatin) in cases with acute renal failure--changes in the urinary activities of NAG and AAP]. 257 48

The urinary secretion of two lysosomal enzymes, N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG, EC 3.2.1.30) and beta-glucuronidase (GLR, EC 3.2.1.31), and two brush border enzymes, alanine aminopeptidase (AAP, EC 3.4.11.2) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2), was examined in apparently healthy individuals and in patients before and after renovascular surgery for treatment of hypertension. Eight out of nine patients had elevated levels of at least one enzyme before surgery. The ranking in their frequency of elevation was NAG greater than AAP greater than GLR greater than GGT. In comparing the release of any two enzymes in apparently healthy individuals, the release was coordinated except for GGT and GLR. In individual patients following surgery the excretion of the lysosomal enzymes was highly coordinated whereas the release of the brush border enzymes was less coordinated. Comparisons of lysosomal to brush border enzyme activities revealed dissimilar release patterns between these two classes of enzymes. Analysis of variance over the entire hospitalization period showed that NAG/GLR (p = 0.42) and AAP/GGT (p = 0.12) did not vary significantly whereas all comparisons of lysosomal to brush border enzymes varied significantly (p less than or equal to 0.03). These results indicate that enzymes derived from different subcellular organelles, lysosomes or brush borders, have similar release patterns. However, the lack of a significant correlation between lysosomal and brush border enzyme excretion implies that the two processes are not interdependent. These studies further suggest that the transient pathophysiological changes that occur within renal cells following renovascular surgery affect these cellular components in different ways.
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PMID:A lack of coordination in the release of urinary lysosomal and brush border enzymes following renovascular surgery. 257 67

Enzymes considered to be markers for neurons (angiotensin converting enzyme, thermolysin-like metalloendopeptidase, alanine aminopeptidase, and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase), glia (glutamine synthetase, pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-glucuronidase), and endothelial cells (alkaline phosphatase and plasminogen activator) were measured in caudate nucleus from 10 sudden death controls, eight agonal state controls, and 16 Huntington's disease patients. Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase was slightly reduced by agonal state. The four enzymes with a neuronal distribution were all correlatively reduced in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. Glutamine synthetase activity was reduced and beta-glucuronidase mean activity increased over twofold in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus, with the two enzyme activities being inversely related. Pyruvate carboxylase was markedly affected by agonal state and was very variable in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. The two endothelial enzymes were unaltered in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. The findings are indicative of neuronal loss, an increased proportion of altered glia, and also of maintained vasculature in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. Measurement of enzyme activities can help to delineate the types of cell altered in Huntington's disease.
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PMID:Changes in nine enzyme markers for neurons, glia, and endothelial cells in agonal state and Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. 287 90

Urinary excretions of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alanine aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid and neutral alpha-glucosidase as indicators of proximal tubular dysfunction were measured in patients with acute upper and lower urinary tract infection (UTI) and fever of non-renal origin. The sensitivity of beta 2M was 67% and of NAG 49% as assessed in more than 100 episodes of acute pyelonephritis. Combined use of beta 2M and NAG increased the sensitivity to 75%. The degree of beta 2-microglobulinuria and enzymuria was comparable in patients with acute pyelonephritis and fever due to non-renal infections. The excretion of beta 2M and the various enzymes was too variable and unpredictable in individual cases to be useful as diagnostic indicator. In localizing an acute UTI, tests for proximal tubular dysfunction seem to be of no more clinical value than properly measured body temperature.
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PMID:Diagnostic potential of urinary enzymes and beta 2-microglobulin in acute urinary tract infection. 287 89

The course of the excretion of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DP IV)-alanine aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase and total protein with the urine was investigated during the treatment of 11 patients with pyelonephritis with gentamicin, after application of a renal radiographic contrast medium in 7 patients with arterial hypertension and after regional perfusion of an extremity in 10 patients with malignant melanoma. In the reference group in male test persons with 147.0 nmol/s X l a higher DP IV activity in the urine was recognized than in the female test persons (100.0 nmol/s X l). After application of the drugs a rhythmically intermitting increased excretion of all enzymes mentioned develops. The study confirms the usuability of the DP IV-activity for enzymological investigations of the urine.
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PMID:[Renal dipeptidylpeptidase IV excretion in drug-induced kidney changes]. 288 Apr 36


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