Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of acute and chronic administration of D-Galactosamine (GalN), Ethanol and Phenobarbital were investigated on the activities of lysosomal enzymes, i.e.; acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, and others such as gamma-GTP and adenosine triphosphatase. The histochemical distribution of gamma-GTP in the liver was also studied on biopsy specimens from patients with chronic hepatitis, and gamma-GTP levels in the serum of patients receiving drugs inductable of hepatic microsomal enzymes. 1) After a single intraperitoneal injection of GalN, the lysosomal enzyme activities were lowered in the necrotic areas, but raised in the perinecrotic areas, the proliferative Kupffer cells and intra- and/or extra-cellular eosine bodies. 2) gamma-GTP activities in rat liver after chronic administration of GalN were markedly increased in bile canalicular membrane of periportal parenchymal cells, the epithelium of bile duct and ductules, and som inflammatory cells of portal fields. Levels of serum gamma-GTP were also elevated. On histochemical studies with biopsy specimens from patients with chronic active hepatitis showing elevated gamma-GTP activity, the activity was revealed a similar localization to GalN-treated rats. These data suggested that the increased activities might be reflected on the active stage in chronic hepatitis. 3) Chronic ethanol treatment in rats induced clearly-stained lysosomes varied in size, especially large-sized. The activities of hepatic gamma-GTP were slightly increased in the bile canalicular membrane of periportal parenchymal cells and the epithelium of proliferative bile ductules. 4) It has been shown by histochemical and biochemical techniques that hepatic gamma-GTP activity was increased after phenobarbital administration in rats. A significant rise in serum gamma-GTP was observed in patients on long-term treatment with anti-epileptic drugs. These data indicated that the increased activities of serum gamma-GTP might be accompanied with induction of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and experimental histochemical studies on the activities of liver lysosomal enzymes and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) (author's transl)]. 3 25

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for human beta-glucuronidase, using a specific polyclonal antibody raised against the purified enzyme. beta-Glucuronidase from human liver consisted of three subunits with molecular mass of 76, 64 and 18 kDa. The assay offered a specific, sensitive and convenient means of measuring immunoreactive beta-glucuronidase in human sera. beta-Glucuronidase activity determined by the conventional method appeared to be extremely low, indicating that in human sera beta-glucuronidase exists in an enzymatically inactive form. The sensitivity of the assay permitted the detection of 1-100 ng of purified beta-glucuronidase. A mean serum level in normal subjects was 108 +/- 25 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.). A high level of beta-glucuronidase was found in sera of patients with severe hepatocellular necrosis, including liver cirrhosis (152 +/- 130 ng/ml) and chronic active hepatitis (220 +/- 99 ng/ml), whereas no significant increase of the enzyme protein was observed in chronic persistent hepatitis (102 +/- 42 ng/ml). beta-Glucuronidase was also increased in sera of patients with primary hepatoma (156 +/- 125 ng/ml). The immunoreactive beta-glucuronidase determined in this assay was thought to be a supplementary serological indicator for hepatocellular necrosis.
 ...
PMID:Serum immunoreactive beta-glucuronidase determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in patients with hepatic diseases. 163 57

beta-Glucuronidase, a lysosomal hydrolase, was purified from human liver tissue, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed using specific antibody against the enzyme. Using the assay procedure, the serum immunoreactive beta-glucuronidase (beta-glucuronidase) was determined in 190 patients with various liver diseases and in 53 healthy controls to examine whether or not the serum level of beta-glucuronidase would successfully reflect the degree of histological hepatic cell necrosis. beta-Glucuronidase was also determined at regular intervals in 28 patients with chronic hepatitis to investigate the clinical usefulness of serial measurement of the enzyme to predict the histological progression of hepatitis. These 28 patients could be subdivided into three groups, "continuously low type", "labile type" and "elevated type" according to the profiles of fluctuation of serum beta-glucuronidase values. Serum beta-glucuronidase was significantly increased in patients with hepatoma, liver cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis compared with normal controls. There was significant positive correlation between the beta-glucuronidase and the degree of hepatic cell necrosis determined by histological observation, on the other hand, there was no statistical correlation between the transaminase activities and the degree of hepatic cell necrosis. It was confirmed in immunohistochemical study that the increased beta-glucuronidase in serum has been released from necrotic hepatic cells into blood stream. It was speculated that the elevation of serum transaminase activities had resulted from the alteration in the membrane permeability of hepatic cells rather than from hepatocellular necrosis. Histological progression of hepatitis was found in 8 of 10 patients (80%) of "labile" and "elevated type", while it was found only 3 of 18 patients (16.7%) of "continuously low type". These results suggested that the serial measurement of beta-glucuronidase could be used for an indicator to predict the histological progression of hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:[Measurement of serum immunoreactive beta-glucuronidase: a possible serological marker for histological hepatic cell necrosis and to predict the histological progression of hepatitis]. 165 3

The authors examined the effect in vivo and in vitro of Catergen (cyanidanol-3) on demonstrable lysosomal enzyme activity in the serum and granulocytes in liver diseases. Acid phosphatase, cathepsin-D and beta-glucuronidase were investigated. In the in vitro studies the direct effect of Catergen was observed by enzyme release. In chronic active hepatitis without treatment the lysosomal activity of the serum increases, the lysosomal activity of the granulocytes decreases and in vitro release increases. Under the effects of Catergen treatment the lysosomal activity of the serum decreases in comparison with initial values, approaching the lysosomal enzyme activity observed in healthy persons. Under in vitro conditions, lysosomal enzyme release from the granulocytes decreases in treated individuals and thus a higher lysosomal enzyme activity in the granulocytes is observed. Granulocytes separated from the blood of healthy persons were incubated with Catergen in isotonic and hypotonic media. In an isotonic medium the release did not change significantly. Under the effect of hypotension the release of lysosomal enzyme increased considerably. In vitro incubation with small doses of Catergen significantly inhibited the degree of release. On the basis of these data it may be supposed that Catergen has a stabilizing effect on the lysosomal membrane and is thus beneficial in the treatment of liver injuries (alcoholic, toxic, inflammatory) with lysosomal membrane alterations.
 ...
PMID:Effect of cyanidanol-3 on lysosomal enzyme activity of serum and granulocytes in chronic liver disease and active hepatitis. 671 21