Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report describes a third mucopolysaccharidosis in animals: canine mucopolysaccharidosis VII. The affected dog was the offspring of a father-daughter mating. Weakness in the rear legs was evident at 8 weeks of age and became progressively worse. He had a large head, a shortened maxilla, and corneal granularities. Most joints were extremely lax, easily subluxated, with joint capsules that were swollen and fluctuant. The dog was alert and had apparently normal pain perception. At 13 months of age, there was radiographic evidence of extensive skeletal disease including bilateral femoral head luxation, abnormalities in the shape and density of the carpal and tarsal bones, radiolucent lesions of the epiphyseal regions of most long bones, and cervical vertebral dysplasia and platyspondylia. The electrophoretic pattern of precipitated glycosaminoglycans indicated a predominance of chondroitin sulfate. The animal died suddenly from gastric dilatation. There was generalized hepatomegaly, thickening of the atrioventricular heart valves, and generalized polyarthropathy. Vacuolated cytoplasm was observed in hepatocytes, keratocytes, fibroblasts, chondrocytes and cells of the synovial membrane, retinal pigment epithelium, and cardiac valves. Neurons had cytoplasmic vacuoles. Electron microscopy demonstrated membrane-bound cytoplasmic inclusions in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, hepatocytes, synovium, heart valves and spleen. The activities of 12 lysosomal hydrolases were determined in liver from the affected and control dogs: beta-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31), beta-hexosaminidases A and B (EC 3.2.1.30), alpha-hexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.-), alpha-L-iduronidase (EC 3.2.1.76), alpha-galactosidase A (EC 3.2.1.22), beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), arylsulfatases A and B (EC 3.1.6.1), acid alpha-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.24), acid beta-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25), and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.-).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Beta-glucuronidase deficiency in a dog: a model of human mucopolysaccharidosis VII. 643 80

Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked disorder that is caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. Symptoms include chronic progressive painful small-fibre neuropathy, cornea verticillata, renal failure and heart disease. Interestingly, female heterozygous patients may also show severe symptoms. After clinical suspicion, usually the determination of alpha-galactosidase activity in leukocytes is requested first. Alternatively, an enzymatic assay using dried blood specimens has been described. Dried blood samples require less material and are substantially more stable (several months at room temperature) than whole-blood specimens. To validate the new method and to asses its usefulness for diagnosis of female patients, enzyme activities of alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase from 78 known Fabry patients were compared (29 males, 47 females) between both materials. In summary, the determination of alpha-galactosidase activity using dried blood and leukocytes as well as the ratio of alpha-galactosidase to beta-glucuronidase in dried blood can improve the diagnostic specificity in cases of female patients who are difficult to identify when only leukocyte enzyme activities are considered.
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PMID:Direct comparison of enzyme measurements from dried blood and leukocytes from male and female Fabry disease patients. 1769 54