Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucinearylamidase was studies in a carefully selected group of 100 healthy subjects, 50 women and 50 men. Enzyme activities were assayed in 3-h morning samples after gel filtration of the urine. Activities were related to time volume, and to urinary creatinine concentration. Several transforming functions had to be applied to enzyme output data to obtain an approximation to gaussian frequency distribution. Men showed a significantly higher excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase,beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase activity than did women if enzyme activity was related to urinary time volume. Women excreted more lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, trehalase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity than did men, if urinary creatinine was used as the basis of reference. Reference intervals were calculated as 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for both sexes.
 ...
PMID:Normal limits of urinary excretion of eleven enzymes. 1 92

1. Highly sensitive technique are described for the assay of plasma membrane (5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase), microsomal (neutral alpha-glucosidase, leucyl-2-naphthylamidase) and biliary canalicular (gamma-glutamyltransferase) enzymes and for nine acid hydrolases (acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase) in human liver. 2. Optimum and specific assay systems have been developed which give linear kinetics for all enzymes. 3. The range of enzyme activities in samples of human liver, obtained by closed needle biopsy, and sera have been determined.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme activities in human liver biopsies: assay methods and activities of some lysosomal and membrane-bound enzymes in control tissue and serum. 1 4

The urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase was studied in 68 patients with biopsy-proved glomerular, 54 with interstitial renal disease and in 97 patients suffering from primary hypertension. The enzyme output of these 219 patients was compared to that of a reference population of 100 thoroughly selected healthy subjects. The highest incidence of elevated enzyme excretion was observed for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase with 88% in glomerulopathies and 78% in interstitial disease, followed by beta-galactosidase. 94% of the patients with glomerular kidney disease, 90% of those with interstitial disease and about 60% of the subjects with primary benign hypertension revealed an output of at least one enzyme above upper reference limit. The highest average enzymuria occured in glomerulopathies, particularly high values in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Application of discriminant analysis to the urinary enzyme pattern of glomerular and interstitial renal diseases resulted in an overall correct classification into the appropriate group of 89% of all patients. The discrimination between glomerular and interstitial disease was better in patients with normal renal function than in those with reduced function. Results show, that the analysis of urinary enzyme patterns may be a helpful adjunct for differential diagnosis of kidney diseases.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of urinary enzyme patterns in patients with kidney diseases and primary benign hypertension. 3 57

The activities of several enzymes in urine are masked by the presence of interfering substances in native urine. From several methods proposed for the removal of low molecular mass interferences dilution, dialysis, gel filtration, and ultrafiltration have been successfully applied. Gel filtration seems to be of these most suitable. I is effective, accurate, precise and economical. Scale-down procedures provide for acceptable speed. By this method the complete separation of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase and leucine arylamidase from low molecular mass substances, e.g. a heat-stable, competitive inhibitor of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was possible. The preparation and determination of urinary enzymes should be thoroughly standardized and controlled. Acceptable precision (coefficient of variation less than 10% between-day) can be achieved with manual spectrophotometric methods.
 ...
PMID:Preparation of urine for enzyme determinations by gel filtration. 44 74

One hundred and one young-adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were acclimatized to metabolic cages for 2 days. After that time 24-hour urine was collected at a constant cooling temperature of 0-4 degrees C. After gel filtration the enzyme activities were determined, and the resulting values were used to calculate 24-hour excretions. The following reference ranges (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) were determined (in mU/24 h): lactate dehydrogenase 43-181; phosphohexoseisomerase 45-1445; glutathione-S-transferase 1-299; alkaline phosphatase 27-1239; leucine arylamidase 72-377; gamma-glutamyltransferase 1334-9188; arylsulphatase A 59-309; beta-galactosidase 76-305; beta-glucuronidase 20-2756; beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase 66-491; glutamate dehydrogenase 7-711. There was a significant (though not very high) correlation with diuresis for the lysosomal enzymes beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase, arylsulphatase A and beta-galactosidase, and for glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexoseisomerase and alkaline phosphatase. The relation to creatinine excretion was markedly close for the lysosomal enzymes beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase, arylsulphatase A and beta-galactosidase (r = 0.71-0.83), as well as for alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. There was a relatively high correlation between the excretion of beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase, arylsulphatase A and beta-galactosidase among themselves (r = 0.63-0.81) as well as between leucine arylamidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase (r = 0.75).
 ...
PMID:Excretion of urinary enzymes in female Sprague-Dawley rats in relation to cellular compartment, creatinine excretion and diuresis. 179 3

12 human embryos and fetuses (in weeks 4 to 20 of the intrauterine life) were studied using the methods according to Lojda for the activity of the following enzymes: alkaline and acid phosphatases (AlP, AcP), acid nonspecific esterase (AE), ATP- splitting enzymes (ATP-ase), beta-glucuronidase, aminopeptidases A and M (APA, APM), dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP IV), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH). Glycogen content was determined by PAS method. In the youngest embryos, a high activity of DPP IV was recorded in the epithelium of differentiating primitive glandular tubules. Activity of other peptidases was low. The activity of AcP was found in tubular epithelium and mesenchymal cells. After week 7, glycogen was present in the supranuclear zone of tubule epithelium. In older fetuses, especially after week 15 of the intrauterine life, the activity of all studied enzymes gradually intensifies. In acinic anlage, a high activity of DPP IV was observed, activity of APM and GGT increased, activity of APA was lower. A relatively high activity of peptidases was recorded even in the epithelium of ducts. The capillaries showed a high activity of AlP and ATP-ase.
 ...
PMID:Histochemistry of enzymes in the pancreas of human embryos. 183 90

Urinary indices of renal function and damage were measured in 6 healthy, mature ewes over a 48-hour period. Endogenous creatinine clearance, total and fractional electrolyte excretion rates, protein excretion, urine volume, and urine gamma-glutamyltransferase and beta-glucuronidase activities were measured. Significant variations in the excretion rates of creatinine, electrolytes, and protein were not found between intervals within the 48-hour urine collection period. Total urinary electrolyte excretion rates were significantly (P less than 0.001) correlated with fractional electrolyte excretion rates normalized for creatinine concentration; however, coefficient of determination was low.
 ...
PMID:Renal excretion of creatinine, electrolytes, protein, and enzymes in healthy sheep. 196 53

Acute nephrotoxicosis was induced in ewes by daily SC administration of gentamicin. Activity of 3 urine enzymes, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (AGS), and beta-glucuronidase (GRS), were measured during the development of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicosis. Measurements from timed, volume-measured urine samples were performed on days 0, 7, and 8. Measurements from urine samples obtained without volume measurement (spot samples) were performed daily. Urine GGT and AGS activities were high 3 days prior to detection of high serum creatinine concentration and 1.5 days before the appearance of casts in the urine sediment; values consistently remained in the abnormal range until termination of the study. High urine GRS activity was inconsistent and transient; serum GGT activity did not change during the course of the study. Urine GGT and AGS activities expressed as total excretion per unit time and body weight, enzyme activity per unit volume, and as ratio of urine enzyme activity to urine creatinine concentration were strongly correlated. Urine GGT and AGS, but not GRS activities, are suitable indicators of renal tubular cell damage in sheep with aminoglycoside nephrotoxicosis. Urine GGT and AGS activities indicate cellular changes occurring several days prior to the first indications of renal functional change.
 ...
PMID:Enzymuria as an index of renal damage in sheep with induced aminoglycoside nephrotoxicosis. 196 54

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase is used as a marker of hepatic enzyme induction. The kidney contains high activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase in the brush border membrane of the proximal tubule, from which it is released into urine. This study investigated the effect of phenobarbital and antipyrine, two inducers of hepatic monoxygenases and gamma-glutamyltransferase, on the urinary excretion of renal gamma-glutamyltransferase. Three groups (n = 6) of healthy male volunteers received 100 mg phenobarbital for 7 and 14 days and 1200 mg antipyrine for 7 days, respectively. Antipyrine and phenobarbital increased antipyrine elimination, serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, and the urinary excretion of renal gamma-glutamyltransferase, whereas urinary beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and total protein and glucose excretion were unchanged. No correlation was found between serum and urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase or both enzymes and antipyrine elimination. Increases in antipyrine elimination were positively correlated to increases in serum, but not urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase. The findings suggest that antipyrine and phenobarbital increase urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase excretion. However, the increase in urinary gamma-glutamyltransferase does not reflect the magnitude of hepatic enzyme induction.
 ...
PMID:Effect of antipyrine and phenobarbital on renal gamma-glutamyltransferase excretion in human urine. 197 43

Activities of the following enzymes were assessed in cryostat sections of human embryonic and fetal placentae aged 7 to 22 weeks of the intrauterine life using the standard methods recommended by Lojda et al. (1978): alkaline phosphatase (AIP), and acid phosphatase (AcP), non-specific esterase (ANE), ATP-cleaving enzymes (ATP-ase), beta-glucuronidase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, dipeptidylaminopeptidase IV (DPP IV), aminopeptidase A and M (APA, APM), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH, SDH). Since week 7 high activity of AIP has been proved in the apical zone of the plasmodiotrophoblast. At the same time the DPP IV activity appeared in the plasmodiotrophoblast, in the stroma of villi, and, latter on, in vascular endothelium. In the fetal placenta the APA activity was pronounced both in the cytotrophoblast and the stroma of villi. The activities of AcP and ANE were relatively weak. In the course of development the activities of most enzymes were gradually increasing.
 ...
PMID:Histochemistry of some enzymes in human embryonic and fetal placentae. 215 Oct 77


1 2 3 Next >>