Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The biochemical effects of the nonsteroidal compound Centchroman were observed in healthy, adult, female rhesus monkeys. The compound was administered at the antifertility dose (.625 mg/kg) for 22 days in a cycle. No marked weight changes were seen in the Fallopian tube, ovary, adrenal or pituitary as a result of treatment. Uterine weight increased significantly, however (p less than .01). In the Fallopian tube, levels of glycogen and protein increased significantly (p less than .01), lactic acid decreased significantly (p less than .01), and nonprotein nitrogen was unchanged as a result of treatment. Similar changes were observed in the uterus, and in addition, total total phospholipid concentration rose significantly (p less than .01) in the uterus. The activities of beta-glucuronidase, acid and alkaline phosphatases and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in the Fallopian tube were unchanged due to treatment. Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and malic dehydrogenase activities were significantly stimulated (p less than .01) and lactic dehydrogenase activity was significantly depressed (p less than .01). In the uterus, beta-glucuronidase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activity were unaltered, however, the activities of ATPase and the dehydrogenases of glucose-6-phosphate, lactate and malate were markedly increased (p less than .01). It is suggested that the antifertility effect of Centchroman may be due principally to the ability of the compound to elicit estrogen-like responses in the Fallopian tube and uterus.
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PMID:Effect of 3,4-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-4-P-(beta-pyrrolidinoethoxy) phenyl -7-methoxy chroman (centchroman) on the biochemistry of the fallopian tube and uterus of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). 12 88

The effects of the nonsteroidal title compound (DBF) on the biochemical composition of the Fallopian tube and uterus were studied in the rhesus monkey. Monkeys received 2 mg/kg daily by mouth, which is the antifertility dose. The weight of the pituitary was significantly decreased (p less than .05) due to treatment, but the weights of the Fallopian tube, uterus, ovary and adrenal were unaltered. In both the Fallopian tube and uterus, DBF induced a significant increase (p less than .01) in the concentration of glycogen, protein and nonprotein nitrogen, and a significant decrease (p less than .01) in the concentration of lactic acid. The total phospholipid level in the uterus showed an increase (p less than .01) in the activities of adenasine triphosphatase (ATPase), malic dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) was seen. Lactic dehydrogenase activity fell (p less than .01) and the activity of beta-glucuronidase was unchanged. In the uterus, ATPase, malic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase activities increased significantly (p less than .01), beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase activities fell (p less than .01) and G-6-PD activity was unaltered. The antifertility effect of DBF may be due to its ability to elicit many biochemical effects similar to those induced by a typical estrogen.
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PMID:Effect of 2-phenyl-3-p-(beta-pyrrolidinoethoxy) phenyl-beta-methoxy benzofuran hydrochloride (DBF) on the biochemistry of the fallopian tube and uterus of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). 12 89

The activities of 6 glycosidases (n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-galactosidase, alpha-fucosidase and alpha-mannosidase) in the oviduct of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied with histochemical methods. Alpha-galactosidase and alpha-fucosidase showed a weak to moderate activity in the surface epithelium and in most of the glands of the oviduct. A Distinct reactivity of beta-glucuronidase was observed in the surface epithelium of the whole oviduct and in the glands of the uterovaginal-region. A moderate to distinct reactivity of n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase cound be demonstrated in the epithelium and in the glands of all regions of the oviduct. The comparatively highest activity of this enzyme was found in the glands of the magnum and in the surface epithelium of the uterus. The possible functions of the glycosidases in the oviduct are discussed briefly.
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PMID:[Histotopic of glycosidases in the oviduct of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (author's transl)]. 20 47

RMI 12,936 (7alpha-methyl-17beta-hydroxy-androst-5-en-one) was tested for androgenic activity in mouse kidney and for antiprogestational activity in guinea-pig uterus. RMI 12,936 stimulated an increase in kidney weight and in the activity of the androgen-responsive renal enzymes, beta-glucuronidase, alcohol dehydrogenase and arginase. RMI 12,936 was bound by the renal androgen receptor with a relative affinity approximately one-third that of testosterone. Although RMI 12,936 did not stimulate glycogen accumulation in guinea-pig endometrium in vivo, it was active in endometrial organ culture. When RMI 12,936 was combined with progesterone, glycogen accumulation in vitro was partly inhibited. RMI 12,936 was bound by the guinea-pig uterine progesterone receptor with a relative affinity of less than 1%. It is concluded that RMI 12,936 is an androgenic steroid with antifertility actions and in-vitro antiglycogenic activity.
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PMID:Androgenic effects of the antiprogestagen RMI 12,936. 63 20

The activities of lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, proteolytic (caseinolytic) activity and lysozymic activity were studied in intrauterine, peripheral and umblical cord blood. It was found that the highest activity of enzymes was in the blood taken from the cavity of the uterus, somewhat lower enzymatic activity was found in peripheral venous blood. The lowest activity of enzymes was regularly observed in the umbilical cord (neonatal) blood. The possible causes of these differences were discussed. The phenomenon described may be brought about by the delivery trauma of uterus and the regressive alterations occurring there. The abnormal enzyme activity in umbilical cord blood may, on the other hand, be explained by incomplete enzymatic maturity of the newborn. Although the parameters studied can present the intensity of the regressive alterations occurring in the cavity of uterus, the determinations of enzymatic activities in the peripheral blood of the paturients do not seem to be of a significant diagnostic or prognostic value.
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PMID:Studies on the lysosomal enzymes activity during delivery. 93 58

Relaxin (Rlx) classically causes uterine quiescence during pregnancy and cervical dilatation prior to parturition. Its actions involve major changes in the components of the extracellular matrix of these tissues. The activities of three enzymes, collagenase, proteoglycanase and beta-glucuronidase, major determinants of the integrity of the extracellular matrix have been measured in the rat uterus and cervix in different reproductive states. The results show that there are marked differences in the changes of these enzymes occurring in the uterus and cervix during the course of pregnancy and the puerperium. It was not possible to directly relate these changes to a single hormonal event over this period of major endocrine fluctuations. Two models have therefore been used in an attempt to delineate the effects of oestrogen and Rlx on the tissue enzyme levels or their secretion into culture medium. In the first model cyclic animals were treated with oestrogen alone or oestrogen followed by Rlx and tissue enzyme levels measured. The addition of Rlx treatment reversed an inhibiting effect of oestrogen alone on both uterine and cervical collagenase and proteoglycanase activities, at the same time as completely obliterating the stimulating effect of oestrogen on uterine and cervical beta-glucuronidase activity. A second model used in vivo oestrogen priming of cyclic rats followed by in vitro Rlx treatment and measurement of the enzymes secreted into the culture medium over 7 days. The results showed as in the first model that Rlx treatment could in particular overcome the inhibiting effect of oestrogen on uterine proteoglycanase secretion without affecting beta-glucuronidase levels. In contrast, the effect of Rlx on the cervix was to decrease collagenase and proteoglycanase secretion whilst not affecting the beta-glucuronidase levels.
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PMID:The effect of oestrogen and relaxin on uterine and cervical enzymes: collagenase, proteoglycanase and beta-glycuronidase. 300 78

At short intervals after the intravenous administration of oestradiol-17beta, diethylstilboestrol, testosterone or saline control solution to ovariectomized rats, highly purified lysosome samples were prepared in substantial yield from preputial glands, sex accessory organs rich in these organelles. The preparations were essentially devoid of mitochondrial contamination. Exposure in vivo to doses of these hormones varying from 0.1 to 5mug/100g body wt. provoked dose-dependent labilization of the lysosomal membrane surface, as evidenced by significantly diminished structural latency of several characteristic acid hydrolases, including acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and acid ribonuclease II, when such preparations were subsequently challenged in vitro with autolytic conditions, detergent or mechanical stress. Enhanced lytic susceptibility induced by hormone pretreatment was occasionally detectable in the initial preparation without further provocative stimuli in vitro. Comparable results were obtained with the corresponding fractions of uterus, despite the more limited concentration of lysosomes in this steroidal target organ. By the present criteria oestradiol-17alpha was essentially inert, even in a dose 25 times that effective for its active beta-epimer (<0.1mug/100g body wt.). Pretreatment with diethylstilboestrol exerted substantial membrane-destabilizing influence in preputial-gland lysosome samples from orchidectomized rats. Moreover, administration of testosterone to gonadectomized animals resulted in essentially equivalent dose-dependent augmentation of lysosomal enzyme release in preputial-gland preparations of either sex. The membrane stability of lysosome-enriched preparations from uterus, on the other hand, was unaffected by testosterone pretreatment. The sensitivity, specificity and selectivity of the lysosomal response to sex steroids provide evidence for the physiological significance of this phenomenon as a general mechanism for mediation of secondary biochemical transformations in the hormone-stimulated target cell.
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PMID:The lysosomal membrane complex. Focal point of primary steroid hormone action. 512 5

Rat mammary tumours induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene can undergo repeated growth and regression during successive pregnancies. In a 10-day period after birth about half of the tumours regressed 50% or more. The concentrations of the lysosomal enzymes increased in regressing mammary tumours to the following multiples of the initial values: beta-glucuronidase, 7.7; beta-galactosidase, 3.9; cathepsin, 2.9; acid ribonuclease, 2.1; arylsulphatase A, 1.5; acid phosphatase, 1.4. In contrast, several non-lysosomal enzymes failed to increase. Activities in the post-partum uterus increased to the following multiples of the initial values: beta-glucuronidase, 5.8; cathepsin, 5.5; acid ribonuclease, 4.3; beta-galactosidase, 2.2; acid phosphatase, 1.8. Arylsulphatase A in the post-partum uterus decreased significantly, suggesting a non-lysosomal distribution or a special function related to pregnancy. No other significant changes were observed in the lysosomal or non-lysosomal enzymes in the hormone-independent liver or hormone-dependent normal mammary gland. The ratio of free to bound arylsulphatase A and acid ribonuclease decreased slightly 1-3 days after birth because of problems in homogenizing the tumours. At days 4-8, however, there was a dramatic increase in the ratio of the free to bound activities. The results can be explained in terms of the lysosomal theory of intracellular digestion.
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PMID:Lysosomal enzyme changes in growing and regressing mammary tumours. 576 57

1. Both the post-partum involution of the rat uterus and the rapid breakdown of collagen that accompanies it are extensively inhibited by oestrogenic hormones. In the normal rat, 85% of the uterine collagen is degraded within 4 days after parturition; in rats treated with 100mug. of 17beta-oestradiol/day, only 35% of uterine collagen is broken down in the same period. 2. Similar effects are produced by diethylstilboestrol if the dose is increased tenfold. 3. Collagen breakdown is inhibited to a greater extent than is the loss of wet weight by oestradiol but not by diethylstilboestrol. 4. The oestrogens appear to act by blocking the breakdown of collagen. There is a greatly decreased concentration of free hydroxyproline in the uterus of treated animals. 5. Acid hydrolase concentrations (beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin D and acid phosphatase) in the uterus are decreased by oestrogen treatment compared with controls, but the total amounts of these enzymes in the uterus are somewhat elevated. Oestrogens do not appear to inhibit collagen breakdown by altering the concentration and total amount of acid hydrolases.
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PMID:Inhibition by oestrogen of collagen breakdown in the involuting rat uterus. 582 64

1. The rat uterus contains acid cathepsin, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, acid phosphatase and deoxyribonuclease II at concentrations comparable with those found in liver. Two non-hydrolytic uterine enzymes, cytochrome c oxidase and aspartate aminotransferase, display only 2-6% of the activity found in liver. 2. The concentrations of acid cathepsin and beta-glucuronidase are significantly decreased in pregnancy and increase 3-4-fold during post-partum involution. 3. The concentrations of beta-galactosidase and acid phosphatase are not decreased in pregnancy and increase only 2-3-fold during involution. 4. The concentrations of these four acid hydrolases increase linearly during the first 4 days post partum and reach their peak values at the same time that wet weight and collagen content fall to their lowest point. 5. The concentration of deoxyribonuclease is depressed in pregnancy but does not rise above normal in the post-partum period. 6. Only a small proportion of each hydrolytic activity can be isolated in the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction of sucrose homogenates of the rat uterus. This proportion increases during involution. However, the extensive mitochondrial rupture occurring during homogenization indicates that the technique is probably too harsh to obtain a true measure of the proportion of lysosomes present in the intact tissue. 7. There are no significant changes in either the concentration or subcellular distribution of the five acid hydrolases in the livers of the experimental rats during pregnancy or involution. In each case the largest proportion of the activity is found in the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction of liver homogenates. 8. The results are interpreted in terms of the lysosomal theory of intracellular digestion.
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PMID:Acid hydrolases of the rat uterus in relation to pregnancy, post-partum involution and collagen breakdown. 589 45


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