Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.31 (beta-glucuronidase)
 7,680 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In benign hyperplasia marked beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity was seen in the prostatic epithelium whereas the reactions for 5 other glycosidases were only slight or negative. The intensity of the reaction for the glycosidases in prostatic carcinoma was dependent upon the degree of the differentiation. The possible importance of glycosidases for the invasiveness of prostatic carcinoma is briefly discussed.
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PMID:A histochemical study of glycosidases in benign prostatic hyperplasia and in prostatic carcinoma in the human. 7 61

Dihydrofolate dehydrogenase activity was histochemically investigated comparatively to the activities of 6-phosphogluconate, glucose-6-phosphate, malate and lactate dehydrogenases, NADH-2-tetrazolium dehydrogenase, esterases, beta-glucuronidase and leucyl aminopeptidase in smears of desquamative cervico-vaginal cells of negative and positive Papanicolaou classes. Dihydrofolate dehydrogenase was found active in a greater percentage of cells and stronger in individual cells of cervical carcinoma than in normal, inflammatory or dysplastic cervix uteri. The other enzymes activities were less specifically increased in dyskaryotic cells.
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PMID:Histoenzymological study on desquamative cervico-vaginal cells. 14 10

Twenty-six scirrhous carcinomas of the breast were divided into three histological grades of malignancy; low (Grade I), intermediate (Grade II), and high (Grade III), and the correlation of the grades with histochemical and electron microscopic findings in both tumor cells and host tissues was examined. The tumor cells contained increased amounts of lysosomal acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. This increase was most marked in Grade I and II tumors and the increase was consistent with lysosome-like fine structures. Both intracytoplasmic lumina and microvilli against stroma were characteristic findings of carcinoma cells and they were mostly found in Grade I and II tumors. Segments of intact basal laminae and myoepithelial cells were also found in Grade I and II carcinomas. The stroma contained moderately increased amounts of intracellular acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase, independent of tumor grade. The stroma also contained a large amount of acid mucopolysaccharide ground substance, irrespective of the three grades. There was a striking difference in the ultrastructural organization of the stroma between normal and neoplastic tissues. Although fragmented elastic fibers and increased amount of acid mucopolysaccharide granules, and macrophages rich in phagolysosomes were prominent fine structures of the stroma of carcinomas, there was no apparent difference in them among the three grades of malignancy.
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PMID:Histological grading, histochemistry, and electron microscopy of scirrhous carcinoma of the breast. 17 63

A comparative study was made of the total lysosomal enzyme activity found in homogenates of normal ectocervical squamous epithelium and squamous carcinoma of this epithelium. The activities of acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, cathepsin D and acid ribonuclease were higher in carcinoma tissue than in normal tissue. The most important observation made was with regard to the distribution of enzyme activity in homogenates. In carcinoma homogenates most of the enzyme activity was detected in the lysosomal fractions, whereas in controls the activity was predominantly found in the cytosol fractions. No histochemical and electron microscopical techniques were used in this study. Because it was possible to sediment the enzyme activity and to demonstrate latency, these can be referred to as lysosomal enzymes with certainty.
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PMID:[A comparism between lysosomal enzyme activity in normal ectocervical squamous epithelium and squamous carcinoma of the ectocervix]. 56 9

In an attempt to determine the significance of increased beta-glucuronidase content of gastric juice of patients with gastric carcinoma, gastric mucosal cells were exposed, in organ culture technique, to a known gastric carcinogen and indices of carcinogenic activity were studied in the ambient fluid and in the mucosal cells. Isotopic methods were used to determine cell viability. Indices of carcinogenic activity in the ambient fluid were beta-glucuronidase and lactate production and changes in the LDH isoenzyme pattern of the homogenates of the exposed cells were also studied. Incubation with the carcinogen resulted in increased production of beta-glucuronidase and lactate, suggesting the increased beta-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice of patients with gastric cancer indicates malignancy.
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PMID:beta-Glucoronidase and the gastric epithelial cell. A study using organ culture. 61 35

The activity and distribution of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterases, beta-glucuronidase, and aminopeptidase were examined in the transplantable R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma and compared with those in the four prostatic lobes of the rat. Both the well and poorly differentiated tumor cells in R-3327 carcinoma were characterized by high activities of beta-glucuronidase and aminopeptidase. The poorly differentiated cells had a high alkaline phosphatase activity. The enzymatic profile of the R-3327 adenocarcinoma closely resembled that of the anterior and dorsal prostate. The origin of the tumor in one of these prostatic lobes is probable, but not certain.
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PMID:Enzyme activity and distribution in rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. 63 35

Histochemical and ultrastructural investigation of the prostate in baboons treated parenterally with saline revealed that the epithelial cells in the caudal prostatic lobe possess very high acid phosphatase activity, moderate nonspecific esterase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity, and little or no amino-peptidase or beta-glucuronidase activity. Only a few lipofuscin granules were found. Ultrastructurally, the epithelial cells had a characteristic polar appearance with a supranuclear zone dominated by large secretory vacuoles. Secretory granules were abundant in the apical zone. No clear difference was found between the cranial and the caudal prostate except that the acid phosphatase activity of the epithelial cells was much lower in the former. In baboons treated with estraumustine phosphate, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, or with flutamide, i.e., drugs used in the treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma, the epithelial cells in the caudal prostatic lobe showed a varying degree of atrophy, which was least in the flutamide-treated animals. The histologic changes were accompanied by only minor changes in the enzyme activities, but the number of histochemically demonstrable lipofuscin granules were substantially increased, a finding confirmed by electron microscopy. The drugs did not notably affect the cranial prostate. The findings showed that the caudal, but not the cranial, lobe of the prostate of the baboon resembles the human prostate and can be affected by drugs known to have a desirable effect on the carcinomatous human prostate.
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PMID:Histochemical and ultrastructural study of prostatic tissue from baboons treated with antiprostatic drugs. 82 25

The carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoke on certain organs is well established epidemiologically, but the evidence in relation to gastric carcinoma is inconclusive. The present study reports the effect of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on gastric mucosa grown in organ culture and its effect is compared with that of the known gastric carcinogen, N-methyl-N1-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NG). Viability of the cells was assessed by the uptake of labelled glucose and glycine. It was found that, as gauged by lactate and beta-glucuronidase production into the ambient fluid, CSC produced a response typical of malignancy that did not differ from that with NG.
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PMID:The carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoke. The effect of cigarette smoke on human gastric mucosal cells in organ culture. 87 52

Observation of a unique population of cells on a Wright-stained blood smear of a patient with metastatic breast carcinoma prompted a study to determine their origin. The primary carcinoma contained a marker, the presence of "signet cells." These were demonstrated in direct peripheral smears and buffy coat preparation of peripheral blood and confirmed histochemically by showing positive periodic acid-Schiff, alpha-napthol and beta-glucuronidase reactions. "Carcinocythemia" is suggested as a name for this unusual process observed over a six month period. Studies of the patient's immunocompetence, of circulating cell surface immunoglobulins and karyotype analysis were made. Postmortem examination revealed retroperitoneal fibrosis, splenic atrophy and extensive metastatic carcinoma but no evidence of leukemia. The cells will be contrasted to those seen in a second patient who appeared to have acute myelocytic leukemia complicating extensive cancer involving the bone marrow. The observations suggest that a leukemia-like blood picture due to circulating cancer cells may occur during the course of metastatic breast carcinoma.
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PMID:Carcinocythemia (carcinoma cell leukemia). An acute leukemia-like picture due to metastatic carcinoma cells. 106 63

The quotient between the activities of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in biopsy specimens of malignant prostatic tissue varied among 11 patients with reactivated, estrogen-resistant prostatic carcinoma. No correlation was found between the quotient and the therapeutic response to estramustine phosphate. In biopsy specimens obtained after 2 months' treatment, the quotient was lower in those patients who responded to the treatment. Thus, the quotient before treatment is of no prognostic use but diminution of the quotient found after treatment for 2 months is a sign of good clinical effect of the therapy.
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PMID:The prognostic value of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity in biopsy specimens from patients with reactivated prostatic cancer. 120 76


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