Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of oral administration of total soya saponins (TS) on the development of obesity induced by (GTG) injection was examined. In the GTG-obese group, the serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels were significantly increased and food consumption was suggestively increased. In addition, sucrase activity in the intestinal mucosa was increased and the surface area of intestinal villi was significantly greater, suggesting enhanced gastrointestinal function. Oral administration of TS prevented development of obesity and prevented an increased level of IRI in GTG-obese animals. It also restored the sucrase activity and the surface area of intestinal villi to normal. Thus, TS may be effective in preventing development of obesity.
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PMID:Effect of soya saponins on gold thioglucose (GTG)-induced obesity in mice. 309 55

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) stimulates small intestinal growth through induction of intestinal epithelial proliferation. To examine the physiology of GLP-2-induced bowel, mice were treated with GLP-2 (2.5 micrograms) or vehicle for 10 days. Small intestinal weight increased to 136 +/- 2% of controls in GLP-2-treated mice, in parallel with 1.4 +/- 0.1- and 1.9 +/- 0.5-fold increments in duodenal RNA and protein content, respectively (P < 0.05-0.001). Similarly, the activities of duodenal maltase, sucrase, lactase, glutamyl transpeptidase, and dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (215 +/- 28% of controls; P < 0.001) were increased by GLP-2. Oral or duodenal administration of glucose or maltose did not reveal any differences in the ability of GLP-2-treated mice to absorb these nutrients, possibly because of decreases in expression of the glucose transporters sodium-dependent glucose transporter-1 (SGLT-1) and GLUT-2. In contrast, absorption of leucine plus triolein was increased after duodenal administration in GLP-2-treated mice (P < 0.01-0.001). Finally, GLP-2 did not alter other markers of intestinal or pancreatic gene expression, including levels of mRNA transcripts for ornithine decarboxylase, multidrug resistance gene, amylase, proglucagon, proinsulin, and prosomatostatin. Thus induction of intestinal growth by GLP-2 in wild-type mice results in a normal-to-increased capacity for nutrient digestion and absorption in vivo.
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PMID:Intestinal function in mice with small bowel growth induced by glucagon-like peptide-2. 922 51

In vivo treatment of intestinal brush border membrane vesicles with solubilized insecticidal crystal proteins (ICP) from the two strains of B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (VCRC B17 and VCRC MB24) caused no adverse effect on gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, Na+K+ATPase, sucrase and lactase enzymes. But, exposure of membrane vesicles to solubilized ICP's in vitro, lead to significant reduction in the activity of Na+K+ATPase, sucrase and lactase enzymes.
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PMID:Effect of insecticidal crystal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis on the enzymes of rat intestinal brush border membrane vesicles. 956 48

The effect of feeding nickel (50 mg kg(-1) body weight) daily for 7 days was studied on the development of various brush border enzymes across the crypt-villus axis. The activities of brush border maltase (P < 0.05), lactase (P < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05) and leucine amino peptidase (P < 0.05) were augmented in purified brush borders, whereas sucrase, trehlase (P < 0.01) and glutamyl transpeptidase (P < 0.05) were reduced in nickel fed animals compared with controls. Kinetic and heat inactivation studies with brush border sucrase and alkaline phosphatase confirmed these findings. Western blot analysis of alkaline phosphatase showed a strong signal for the enzyme protein but a reduced level of sucrase antigen in nickel fed rat intestine compared with the controls. These findings suggest that the expression of various brush border enzymes along the crypt-villus axis is modulated in rat intestine exposed to nickel, which may disrupt the digestive functions of the intestinal tissue.
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PMID:Alterations in the expression of intestinal enzymes in rats exposed to nickel. 1681 62

Folic acid deficiency is the most prevalent vitamin deficiency throughout the world and its effect on brush border membrane composition has not been studied earlier. We investigated the effect of folate deficiency on the structure and function of the intestinal brush border membrane. Various brush border enzyme activities, membrane sugars and lipids were evaluated in two groups of weanling male albino rats after 3 mo of feeding control and folate deficient diets. Except sucrase, all the other three enzymes, viz., alkaline phosphatase, leucine amino peptidase and y-glutamyl transpeptidase showed decrease in activity in rats fed folate-deficient diets. Among sugars, hexoses and hexosamines showed significant decline in amount whereas sialic acid content showed great increase in brush border membrane of folate-deficient rats as compared to controls. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, cerebrosides and fucolipids in the group fed the folate-deficient diet. Our study suggests that folate deficiency results in altered enzyme activities, lipid and sugar composition of intestinal brush border membrane. Such changes might reflect the underlying cause of the gastrointestinal disturbances observed in folate deficiency.
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PMID:Folate deficiency results in alteration in intestinal brush border membrane composition and enzyme activities in weanling rats. 1696 59

The effects of supplementing a barley-based diet for weaned piglets withexogenous beta-glucanase and xylanase on gastrointestinal digestiveenzyme activities were investigated. Thirty-six cross-bred weaned pigletswere randomly assigned to two groups with three pens based on sexand mass. Each group was fed on the diet based on barley with or withoutadded beta-glucanase and xylanase (0.15%) for a 4-week period. Theresults showed that enzyme supplementation improved growth performanceof piglets significantly (p < 0.05), but had no effect (p = 0.091)on average daily feed intake. The results also showed that supplementationof beta-glucanase and xylanase had no effect on pepsin activity in gastriccontents but slightly decreased (p = 0.092) the pepsin activity ingastric mucosa. Meanwhile, no effect of enzyme supplementation ontrypsin activity in duodenal contents was observed. However, the activitiesof amylase and lipase in duodenal contents were significantly(p < 0.05) decreased, whereas the activities of maltase, sucrase andgamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) in jejunal and ileal mucosa wereenhanced significantly (p < 0.05). The improvement of disaccharidaseand gamma-GT activity may be attributed to the positive impacts of exogenousenzymes on digestion and absorption of the nutrients. In conclusion,the current results indicated that supplementation with enzymes in barley-based diets could improve the growth performance of piglets,decrease the activities of amylase and lipase in duodenal contents andincrease the activities of disaccharidase and gamma-GT in jejunal and ilealmucosa.
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PMID:Effects of beta-glucanase and xylanase supplementation on gastrointestinal digestive enzyme activities of weaned piglets fed a barley-based diet. 1849 30

The activities of lactase, sucrase, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and y-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) were studied in the intestinal brush border membranes of pups born to rat mothers exposed to ethanol (1 ml of 30% ethanol daily during gestation) at different days of postnatal development. The activities of lactase (at day 4-20) and sucrase (at day 20-30) were considerably reduced in response to prenatal exposure to ethanol, while AP (at day 4-30) and gamma-GTP activities were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) at day 4, 8, 14 and 20, but there was no significant difference by day 30 of postnatal development. The observed changes in enzyme activities were corroborated by Western blot analysis of lactase, sucrase and AP. Kinetic studies revealed a change in Vmax without affecting apparent Km of enzymes under these conditions. The present findings suggest that in utero ethanol exposure to rats is embryotoxic and affects the postnatal development of various brush border enzymes, which persist long after the ethanol was withdrawn prior to birth.
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PMID:Developmental changes in intestinal brush border enzymes of rats prenatally exposed to ethanol. 2290 Feb 77