Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies on the soil microbes, soil enzyme activity and soil biochemical intensity in copper mining wasteland indicated that the total quantity of major soil microbes declined by 68.43%-80.32%, compared with that of the non-minig soil. The proportion of bacteria and actinomyces decreased, while that of fungi did not changed obviously. The amount of major physiological groups including ammonifiers, nitrogen fixing bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria and anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria all decreased, and soil basic respiration descended, compared with the control. The activity of soil enzymes weakened, which included urease, sucrase, proteinase, acid phosphtase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase. Soil biochemical intensity including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and cellulose decomposition descended, and the circulation of C and N in mining soil inhibited. All the results showed that the weakening of microbial activity was one of major characteristics in reclaimed mining soil.
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PMID:[Microbial eco-characteristics of reclaimed mining wasteland in red soil area of southern China. I. Effects on soil microbial activity]. 1499 48

This study deals with the enteropathy recently identified in diabetes-prone BB rats (BBdp). Diabetes-resistant BB rats (BBc) and BBdp rats were fed from days 32-39 onward either a protective diabetes-retardant hydrolyzed casein diet (HC) or a plant-based diabetogenic (NTP) diet. The NTP diet decreased body weight and plasma insulin in BBc and BBdp rats. The BBdp rats displayed low intestinal invertase and increased intestinal peroxidase activity. In the BBdp rats fed the HC diet, the mucin content 30-35 cm below the pylorus was higher and the gut permeability lower than in the other three rat groups. There was a significant inverse correlation between gut permeability and the insulinogenic index in the BBdp rats fed the HC or NTP diet. Thus, in BBdp rats, the HC diet somehow prevents the increase in gut permeability and the decrease in the insulinogenic index otherwise found in some of these diabetes-prone animals.
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PMID:Gut permeability and intestinal mucins, invertase, and peroxidase in control and diabetes-prone BB rats fed either a protective or a diabetogenic diet. 1574 84

We characterized the distribution of nutritional and defensive biochemical traits in galls elicited on chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) by the gall wasp Andricus petiolicolus Basse (Cynipidae) in comparison with gypsy moth-wounded and unwounded leaves. Gall cortex and epidermis exhibited elevated soluble peroxidase (POX) and soluble invertase activities, and greater condensed tannin concentrations than did nutritive tissues or leaves. Nutritive tissue, on which the insect feeds, contained few polyphenols, and lower POX and invertase activities compared with other gall tissues and leaves. Elevated total POX activity arose from a complex pattern of enhanced and suppressed isoform activities in galls. Invertase enzyme activity decreased in all tissues over the course of the 7-d study, although gypsy moth wounding suppressed this decline slightly in ungalled leaves. Our results indicate that the distribution of biochemical defenses in this typical cynipid gall differs significantly from the leaf tissue from which it is formed and support a role for invertases in establishing the gall as a sink. A. petiolicolus larvae do not induce, and may suppress, plant defense responses in nutritive tissue, while enzymatic activity and phenolic accumulation are enhanced in gall tissues surrounding feeding sites. These patterns suggest that the gall is manipulated by the insect to enhance its food and protective value.
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PMID:Biochemical responses of chestnut oak to a galling cynipid. 1583 87

Investigation of polyphenol production in cut-injured sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam. cv. Kokei 14) roots by histochemical and quantitative methods showed that polyphenols were produced in striking amounts in the proximal side of the tissue pieces (2 cm thick), but only in small amounts in cells of the distal side. In response to cut injury, formation of the enzymes related to polyphenol biosynthesis, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, was also pronounced in the proximal side of the tissue pieces and slight in the distal side. The similar polarity was observed in the development of activities of various enzymes, such as NADPH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, acid invertase, peroxidase, o-diphenol oxidase, and cytochrome c-O(2) oxidoreductase. Acropetal development of polyphenol contents and of various enzyme activities may be related to the acropetal movement of indoleacetic acid (IAA) in roots of various plants. Treatment of the distal surface of tissue pieces with IAA or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid caused polyphenol production but treatment with gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, kinetin, or ethylene had little effect. The results suggest that IAA may play a role in the metabolic response to cut injury.
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PMID:Polarity of Production of Polyphenols and Development of Various Enzyme Activities in Cut-injured Sweet Potato Root Tissue. 1666 Jan 37

Actively growing juice-vesicle explants, established from small lemon (Citrus limon L. Burm. f. var. ;Eureka') fruits, were cultured in vitro on defined media. The juice vesicles continued to enlarge in culture for several months, without callus proliferation, and their initial growth was promoted by indoleacetic acid, gibberellic acid, and N(6)-benzyladenine.The metabolic competence of the explants, and its relevance to whole fruit development, was further investigated. Juice vesicles continued to accumulate protein on all media, for at least 16 days, but sugars did not change much during culture. Acid invertase increased dramatically during the first days of culture, and its specific activity was markedly promoted by indoleacetic acid, and to a lesser degree by gibberellic acid. Total peroxidase of juice vesicles increased progressively up to the 11th day of culture, and its specific activity was promoted by all three hormones, especially by N(6)-benzyladenine. Explant growth was accompanied by appearance of several cathodic and anodic isoperoxidases.The results suggest that the study of this unique juice vesicle system may contribute to a better understanding of fruit development.
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PMID:Growth and metabolic activity of lemon juice vesicle explants in vitro. 1666 36

A new colorimetric method for determining the isomerization activity of sucrose isomerase was developed. This colorimetric method is based on the enzymatic reactions of invertase and glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD). The main scheme for assaying sucrose isomerase activity is to degrade sucrose in the reaction mixture to glucose and fructose by invertase and to detect the concentration of glucose generated using GOD-POD. The concentrations of trehalulose and isomaltulose, reaction products of sucrose isomerase, are calculated from the concentration of glucose. This method allows rapid and accurate determination of the isomerization activity of sucrose isomerase without inhibition by hydrolysis activity.
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PMID:A new colorimetric method for determining the isomerization activity of sucrose isomerase. 1728 28

A spectrophotometric method for determining sucrose is proposed. Sucrose is hydrolyzed by invertase into glucose and fructose. Then, glucose is oxidized in presence of glucose oxidase and the produced hydrogen peroxide reacts with phenol-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt and 4-aminoantipyrine in presence of peroxidase, yielding a pink dye with an absorption maximum at 505 nm. This method was validated following the EURACHEM and VAM project guidelines for method validation. Trueness, precision, robustness, sensitivity and linearity were considered. The method was applied to the determination of sucrose in green and roasted coffee beans. A comparison with the HPLC method with pulsed amperometric detection was carried out.
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PMID:Enzymatic-spectrophotometric determination of sucrose in coffee beans. 1897 Feb 37

To understand the effects of seasonal freeze-thaw on the ecological processes of subalpine forest ecosystem, the enzyme activities in Abies faxoniana and Betula platyphylla litters under freeze-thaw were measured from October 2006 to October 2007 by the method of litter bags. There was an obvious monthly change in the enzyme activities, but the peak time varied with enzymes. Compared to the control, freeze-thaw had significant effects on the activities of invertase, urease, cellulase, and dehydrogenase in the litters (P < 0.05). Over a growth season, the invertase, cellulase, and urease activities in fir litter increased by 66.1%, 14.8%, and 76.3%, respectively while dehydrogenase activity decreased by 18.4%, and the invertase activity in birch litter increased by 39.4% while the urease, cellulase and dehydrogenase activities decreased by 18.2%, 28.7% and 15.6%, respectively. As for the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in fir and birch litters, they were less affected by freeze-thaw. All of these revealed that seasonal freeze-thaw had definite effects on the litter decomposition of subalpine forest, which closely related to the kind of litter and its decomposition stage.
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PMID:[Effects of seasonal freeze-thaw on the enzyme activities in Abies faxoniana and Betula platyphylla litters]. 1980 55

The lower leaves of tobacco plants were inoculated with leaf mosaic virus and the activities of oxygenase, peroxidase, catalase, and invertase were followed in leaves of comparable age at intervals of 2 or 3 days over a period of 21 days. The inoculated leaves exhibited a great decrease relative to normal tissue in the activity of oxygenase and peroxidase on the 6th day. Younger leaves showed this minimum at a progressively later date. A great decrease in the activities of these enzymes was attained by the 14th to the 18th day. This maximum was followed by a decrease. Catalase exhibited an increased activity which reached a maximum at about the 8th day. A second maximum was observed on the 16th to the 18th day. Invertase reached a minimum, relative to normal plants, on about the 8th day. A second minimum was approached on the 16th to the 18th day. These data show that profound disturbances in the physiology of infected plants occur many days before the leaf juice attains an infectious concentration of virus. The observed activities could not be due therefore to metabolic activities of the virus particles themselves. Since infectivity is attained only after a period of profound physiological disturbance, it seems possible that the virus protein develops as a product of abnormal metabolism.
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PMID:CERTAIN ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES OF NORMAL AND MOSAIC INFECTED TOBACCO PLANTS. 1987 2

Trametes versicolor is a white-rot fungus known as a producer of extracellular enzymes such as laccase, manganese-peroxidase, and lignin-peroxidase. The production of these enzymes requires detailed knowledge of the growth characteristics and physiology of the fungus. Submerged cultivations of T. versicolor on glucose, fructose, and sucrose as sole carbon sources were performed in shake flasks. Sucrose hydrolysis catalyzed by the whole cells of T. versicolor was considered as one-step enzymatic reaction described with Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Kinetic parameters of invertase-catalyzed sucrose hydrolysis were estimated (K (m) = 7.99 g dm(-3) and V (m) = 0.304 h(-1)). Monod model was used for description of kinetics of T. versicolor growth on glucose and fructose as sole carbon sources. Growth associated model parameters were estimated from the experimental results obtained by independent experiments (mu(G)(max) = 0.14 h(-1), K(G)(S) = 8.06 g dm(-3), mu(F)(max) = 0.37 h(-1) and K(F)(S) = 54.8 g dm(-3)). Developed mathematical model is in good agreement with the experimental results.
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PMID:Mathematical model for Trametes versicolor growth in submerged cultivation. 1994 14


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