Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activity of a range of enzymes related to the cycling of the main biologically important nutrients C, N, P and S was investigated in cultivated and non-cultivated soils from various parts of Europe. Two agricultural sites from North Italy under continuous corn (Zea mays L.) with and without organic fertilization were compared. Two other agricultural sites from South Italy under hazel (Corylus avellana L.) never flooded or repeatedly flooded over by uncontrolled urban and industrial wastes were investigated. The non-cultivated soils were from Middle and South Europe with different pollution history such as no-pollution and pollution with organic contaminants, which is phenanthrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Agricultural soils showed significant differences in some of physical-chemical properties (i.e. organic C, total and labile phosphate contents, available Ca and Mg) between the two sites studied. Enzyme activities of hazel sites periodically flooded by wastes were mainly higher than in the hazel sites never flooded. Sites under many years of continuous corn showed dehydrogenase, invertase, arylsulphatase and beta-glucosidase activities generally lower than the soils under hazel either flooded or not by wastes. As compared to agricultural soils, non-cultivated soils heavily or moderately polluted by organic contaminants displayed much lower values or complete absence of enzymatic activities. Dissimilar, contradictory correlations between soil enzyme activities and the majority of soil properties were observed separately in the two groups of soils. When the whole set of enzyme activities and soil properties were considered, all significant correlations found separately for the groups of soils were lost. The overall results seem to confirm that no direct cause-effect relationships can be derived between the changes of a soil in response to a given factor and both the variations of the activity and the behaviour of the enzymes in soil.
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PMID:Soil enzyme activities as affected by anthropogenic alterations: intensive agricultural practices and organic pollution. 1583 57

The dynamic changes of soil enzymatic activities during remediation of phenanthrene contaminated soil with clover or clover and wheat were investigated with pot experiments. Clover and wheat increased the activities of soil sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase with an increase rate in the range of 14.72%-46.52%, but inhibited the catalase activity with an inhibition rate in the range of 36.13%-94.79%. Sucrase and polyphenol oxidase reached the maximum activity values at the 14th day, and urease and phosphatase at the 21th day. Catalase got to the minimum activity value at the 7th day. In the light of these, catalase was relatively more sensitive to phenanthrene than the other enzymes, and could be employed as a key indicator to evaluate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil during remedying. Sucrase and polyphenol oxidase activities in wheat and clover intercropping system were significantly higher than in wheat or clover single-cropping system. Furthermore, there was a good negative correlation between catalase and sucrase (r = - 0.482), and polyphenol oxidase (r = -0.599), and urease (r = -0.329), and phosphatase (r = -0.297). Nonetheless, a good positive correlation existed among sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase. It is concluded that in the process of phytoremediation, soil enzymes can be employed as indicators for soil quality, it is not necessary to monitor each enzymatic activity, but to the activity of a key enzyme.
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PMID:[Enzymatic activities of phenanthrene contaminated soil in wheat and clover intercropping system]. 2018 7