Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of corticosteroid have been studied in rats submitted to oral administration of prednisone (5 mg. per kg. per day) during 8, 15, 30, and 90 days. The results were compared to those obtained after parenteral administration of hydrocortisone acetate (50 mg. per kg. per day intramuscularly). The morphometric changes of the villus-crypt axis and the brush border enzymic content of the mucosa (sucrase, enterokinase, alkaline phosphatase, and aminopeptidase) were the parameters investigated at the duodenal, jejunal, and ileal levels. Oral administration of prednisone resulted in a significant increase of the duodenal villous height at the 15th (+ 13 per cent, p less than 0.01), 30th (+ 33 per cent, p less than 0.001), and 90th day (+ 56 per cent, p less than 0.001), whereas in the jejunum a constant decrease of the villous height was noted. Parenteral hydrocortisone administration did not affect intestinal morphology. Effects of oral corticosteroids on the microvillous enzymic activities were related to both intestinal level and duration of corticoids administration: (1) in the duodenum increase of sucrase, alkaline phosphatase, and aminopeptidase during 30 days followed by normalization at the 90th day, (2) an initial increase of sucrase, alkaline phosphatase, and aminopeptidase limited to the first 8 days in the jejunum, and (3) a significant rise of alkaline phosphatase (greater than 100 per cent, p less than 0.001) and enterokinase (greater than 100 per cent, p less than 0.001) in the ileum at the 15th day of treatment. Parenteral corticosteroid administration was associated with a significant increase of both sucrase and enterokinase activities. The present study suggests that: (1) Corticosteroids exert a direct effect on the intestinal morphology varying with the intestinal level and duration of treatment. (2) No correlation could be established between anatomic and functional changes. (3) Oral corticosteroids exert an enhancing effect of the brush border enzymic activities, even in the adult mucosa and particularly at the ileal level where they stimulate significantly the enterokinase mucosal activity. (4) Parenteral corticosteroids exert a more specific effect limited to sucrase and enterokinase enhancement.
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PMID:Effects of oral and parenteral corticosteroids on intestinal villous morphology and brush border enzymes in the rat. 31 75

Distribution of ornithine decarboxylase activity in rat intestinal villi and crypts was determined by serially sectioning frozen mucosa and measuring enzyme activity in pools of sections composed of villi or crypts. Contents of the pools was determined by histological examination of representative sections, and simultaneous measurement of sucrase as a marker of villus samples demonstrated excellent separation of villi and crypts. In fasted and ad lib fed rats, enzyme activity was highest in the villus-crypt junctional area and in crypts (P < 0.05). Refeeding after a fast increased enzyme activity 15-fold, with greatest activity in villus tips and the villus-crypt junctional area. Luminal 0.4 M glycine stimulated enzyme activity only in villus and villus-crypt junctional samples, while luminal 10 mM putrescine stimulated activity only in crypts. Parenteral epidermal growth factor caused increased enzyme activity in all mucosal areas, but the 18-28-fold increase in the three villus samples (top, middle and bottom) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than the 7-9-fold increase in crypt and junctional samples. In rats refed after a fast, parenteral putrescine (2 mmol/kg) depressed enzyme activity in all mucosal areas. Ornithine decarboxylase activity is usually greatest in junctional and crypt cells, and villus and crypt cells respond differently to luminal and systemic stimuli.
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PMID:Distribution and regulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity along the villus-crypt axis in the small intestine. 930 91