Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Soil basal respiration potential, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and activities of urease, invertase and acid phosphomonoesterase were investigated in the root-layer of 10-, 40-, and 90-yr-old tea bushes grown on the same type of red soil. The soil daily basal respiration potential ranged from 36.23 to 58.52 mg.kg-1.d-1, and the potentials in the root-layer of 40- or 90-yr-old were greater than that of 10-yr old tea bushes. The daily qCO2, ranging from 0.30 to 0.68, was in the reverse trend. The activities of test three enzymes changed differently with tea bushes' age. Urease activity in the root-layer of all age tea bushes ranged from 41.48 to 47.72 mg.kg-1.h-1 and slightly decreased with tea bushes' age. Invertase activity was 189.29-363.40 mg.kg-1.h-1 and decreased with tea bushes' age, but its activity in the root-layer of 10-year old tea bushes was significantly greater than that in the root-layer soil of 40- or 90-year old tea bushes. Acid phosphomonoesterase activity (444.22-828.32 mg.kg-1.h-1) increased significantly with tea bushes' age. Soil basal respiration potential, qCO2 and activities of 3 soil enzymes were closely related to soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N ratio, total soluble phenol, and microbial biomass carbon, respectively.
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PMID:[Soil basal respiration and enzyme activities in the root-layer soil of tea bushes in a red soil]. 1282 66

Yard waste compost provides an organic amendment useful for improving soil structure and nutrient status. The activities of the enzymes hydrolyzing urea (urease) and sucrose (invertase) in the rhizosphere of potato plants were determined under field conditions. Soil urease and invertase activities were monitored in compost amended soil, grass buffer strips, and in adjacent bare soils during 35 d following soil treatment. Soil urease activity was increased by application of yard waste compost compared to untreated soil which provide evidence of increased soil microbial population following application of compost. Some transitional effects on urease activities were observed following Pyrethrins and Neemix-4E application, these effects were neither drastic nor prolonged enough to be considered deleterious to the soil microorganisms and their activities important to soil fertility. No relationship was found between invertase activity and the three management practices or soil organic matter content. It is suggested that application of botanical insecticides like pyrethrins and Neemix-4E may be useful in delaying urea fertilizer mineralization to maintain N in a form less leachable, so that the duration of N availability to plants is prolonged. The present study may also provide information on urease activity as a sensitive bioindicator of soil quality that reflects the effects of land management on soil quality and may assist land managers in monitoring long-term productivity and sustainability of agricultural lands.
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PMID:Impact of soil management and two botanical insecticides on urease and invertase activity. 1285 29

From the open investigation and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard of Tongguan mountain. The results showed that there were 34 species of natural colonized plants on copper tailing yard, subordinated to 16 families and 33 genera, and regard herbs as principle, and many for 1-2 years old. The main families were compositae (10 species), gramineae (9 species) and legumineceae (2 species). Hippochaete ramosissimum, which belonged to equisetaceae, had and significant dominant. There were some microcoenses such as Hippochaete ramosissimum + Imperata cylindraca community, Cynodon dactylon + Imperata cylindraca community and Phragmites australis community. But, the vegetation on copper tailing yard was distributed in spot piece and scattered mainly with single species. The activities of three soil enzymes had a stronger sensitivity to the vegetation state, and their relativity to the vegetation state was in order of urease > sucrase > catalase. It's suggested that unrease activity could be used as an indicator index for the reclamation of wasteland.
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PMID:[Vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard on Tongguan mountain]. 1292 35

Studies on the soil microbes, soil enzyme activity and soil biochemical intensity in copper mining wasteland indicated that the total quantity of major soil microbes declined by 68.43%-80.32%, compared with that of the non-minig soil. The proportion of bacteria and actinomyces decreased, while that of fungi did not changed obviously. The amount of major physiological groups including ammonifiers, nitrogen fixing bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria and anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria all decreased, and soil basic respiration descended, compared with the control. The activity of soil enzymes weakened, which included urease, sucrase, proteinase, acid phosphtase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase. Soil biochemical intensity including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and cellulose decomposition descended, and the circulation of C and N in mining soil inhibited. All the results showed that the weakening of microbial activity was one of major characteristics in reclaimed mining soil.
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PMID:[Microbial eco-characteristics of reclaimed mining wasteland in red soil area of southern China. I. Effects on soil microbial activity]. 1499 48

A pot experiment was conducted with silty loam Agrodolf as test soil and with transgenic Bt rice and non-Bt rice as test crops to study the effect of transgenic Bt rice planting on soil urease, phophatase, arylsulfatase, invertase, and dehydrogenase activities. The results showed that Bt toxin could be introduced into soil through root exudates of transgenic Bt rice, and its survival amount in soil varied with time. Compared with non-Bt rice treatment, transgenic Bt rice treatment had a significant decrease (2.47%) of soil urease activity and a significant increase (8.91%) of soil acid phosphatase activity, but no significant change in soil arylsulfatase, invertase, and dehydrogenase activities at the 15th day of emergence. At the 30th day of emergence, the transgenic Bt rice treatment still had a significant decrease of soil urease activity (16.36%) and a significant increase of acid phosphatase activity (35.69%), and no change in invertase activity. It also had significant increase in soil arylsulfatase (19.70%) and dehydrogenase activities (16.83%).
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PMID:[Effect of transgenic Bt rice planting on soil enzyme activities]. 1503 30

The main effects of pollutions including acid rain, Cu2+, atrazine and their combined products on the activities of urease, invertin, acid phosphatase and catalase were studied by means of orthogonal test. The results showed that H+ and Cu2+ had significant influence on the activities of four enzymes and the ability of their inhibiting followed the order: H+ > Cu2+. Al3+ and atrazine only had litter effects on the activity of urease and phosphatase, respectively. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed that Cu2+ -H+ affected on the activity of acid phosphatase significantly and antagonism on invertin and urease, Cu2+ -atrazine only exhibited the synergism on the activity of acid phosphatase. But atrazine-H+ had non-interaction within the investigated concentration range. Among four enzymes, acid phosphatase was the most sensitive one to the contaminations.
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PMID:Effect of organic/inorganic compounds on the enzymes in soil under acid rain stress. 1513 33

The effects of acid rain, Cu2+ and atrazine on the activities of soil urease, invertase and acid phosphatase were studied by means of orthogonal test. The results showed that the inhibition rate was H+ > Cu2+, and atrazine had no significant influence on urease and intertase. Interaction analysis revealed that Cu x atrazine exhibited synergism on soil acid phosphatase activity, Cu x H had antagonism on soil invertase and urease, but atrazine x H had no interaction within the investigated concentration range. Among the three enzymes, soil acid phosphatase was the most sensitive one to the contaminations.
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PMID:[Effect of acid rain, copper, and atrazine on soil hydrolase activity]. 1513 4

One year-old second generation stand and 14 year- and 34 year-old first generation stands in larch plantations were studied at the Maoershan Mt. Experimental Forest Farm. The forestland of these three stands was treated with various fertilizations. The results showed that fertilization could promote or restrain soil enzyme activity and microbial amount with different degrees, and its effect on soil physiological activity was more apparent. The effect of the same fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activity and microbial amount was different at different development stages of the stands. For one year-old stand, the best fertilization scheme was treatment 9, its soil enzyme activities (catalase, proteinase, polyphenoloxidase, urease, and saccharase), total microbial amount, and amount of bacteria, actinomyces and fungus being increased by 413.49%, 22.10%, 20.56%, 220.00%, 49.46%, 238.88%, 247.24%, 106.70%, and 366.67%, respectively, as compared with the control. For 34 year-old stand, the best fertilization scheme was treatment 5, its soil enzyme activities (catalase, proteinase, polyphenoloxidase, urease, and saccharase), total microbial amount, and amount of bacteria and fungus was increased by 30.44%, 16.91%, 0.22%, 43.06%, 124.18%, 119.92%, 87.66%, and 17.57%, respectively in rhizosphere soil, and by 24.55%, 77.01%, 168.62%, 251.85%, 183.33%, 250.0%, 38.24% and 128.57%, respectively in non-rhizosphere soil. For 14 year-old young stand, it needed a proper amount of nitrogen fertilizer and organic mineral fertilizers, and the better fertilization schemes were treatments 2 and 9. The soil enzyme activities (catalase, proteinase, and urease) in treatment 2 was increased by 44.39%, 94.83%, and 4.62%, respectively in rhizosphere soil, and by 13.98%, 10.70% and 129.76%, respectively in non-rhizosphere soil. Total soil microbial amount and the amount of bacteria and fungus in treatment 9 was increased by 176.49%, 266.63%, and 198.04%, respectively in rhizosphere soil, and by 275.56%, 66.67% and 143.75%, respectively in non-rhizosphere soil.
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PMID:[Effect of fertilization on soil enzymes and microbes in Larix gemlinii plantations]. 1536 23

A survey was done recently in Jiaxing city of Zhejiang Province in the Yangtze River Delta to compare the differences of soil microbiological properties among paddy soils with different land use including continuous open-field vegetable cultivation (OFVC), plastic-greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) and traditional rice-wheat rotation (RWR). The soil types included are percolating, permeable and waterlogged paddy soils. The results indicate that the microbial flora was markedly changed as the land use changed for all the three soil types. In continuous vegetable cultivation soils, especially in PGVC soils, the bacteria amounts decreased dramatically, but the fungal and actinomyce amounts increased as compared with RWR soils. The dehydrogenase activities decreased significantly in vegetable soils, especially in PGVC soils as compared with RWR soils. The microbial biomass C and the total phospholipid contents (TPL) in vegetable cultivation soil greatly decreased as compared with RWR soils. Biolog analysis indicated that the kinds of carbon sources that could be metabolized by native microbes in PGVC soils greatly decreased as compared with OFVC soils and RWR soils, revealing that microbial diversity had decreased since land use change. The activities of some soil enzymes including urease, invertase and phosphase were all lower in OFVC soils than those in RWR soils, and those in PGVC soils were the lowest. The degradation of microbiological activities in continuous vegetable cultivation soils, especially in PGVC soils, as compared with RWR soils might have been caused by soil acidification and accumulation of salts due to overuse of both organic and inorganic fertilizers in vegetable cultivation.
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PMID:Changes of soil microbiological properties caused by land use changing from rice-wheat rotation to vegetable cultivation. 1549 67

This paper studied the effect of fertilization on cucumber growth and yield, soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities in sunlight greenhouse in Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the growth and yield of cucumber were increased with application of manure and methane. Foliage application reduced the application rate of NP and manure. Fertilization had an obvious effect on the biological characteristics of soil in sunlight greenhouse. The number of bacteria was increased by manure and foliage fertilization, and that of fungi was increased by NP and methane fertilization but decreased by manure fertilization. Fertilization with manure, NP and methane also remarkably increased the number of actinomyces and the activities of urease, phosphatase and sucrase in soil. The activities of soil urease and phosphatase were increased by fertilization of manure, but little effect was found with fertilization of NP and methane.
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PMID:[Effect of fertilization on cucumber growth and soil biological characteristics in sunlight greenhouse]. 1550 4


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