Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adrenalectomy performed on 14-day-old rats delayed the usual increase of sucrase and maltase activity as well as the decrease of acid beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuroindase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity during the third postnatal week. Since these changes were only delayed, the role of the thyroid was explored. Thyroidectomy performed simultaneously with adrenalectomy on 14-day-old rats did not influence the increase in body weight and growth of the small intestine (already slowed down by adrenalectomy), but caused a further substantial delay in the maturation of the enzyme profile of the small intestine. Our results indicate that the thyroid is involved in regulation of the hydrolases studied.
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PMID:Effect of thyroidectomy on the activity of alpha-glucosidases and acid hydrolases in the small intestine of rats during weaning. 116 38

Maltase, sucrase, and lactase were measured at pH 4 and pH 6 in normal and intestinalized gastric mucosa. In the normal mucosa the low activities of maltase and lactase seemed to be entirely due to lysosomal enzymes with acid pH-optimum. In intestinal metaplasia, brush border maltase and sucrase, but not lactase, appeared. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in lysosomal lactase (beta-galactosidase) activity.
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PMID:Disaccharidase activities in intestinal metaplasia - contribution of lysosomal brush border enzymes. 117 60

Meconium ileus represents the earliest clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis. The differences found in the composition and amount of protein, mucoprotein, mucopolysaccharides, and reducing sugars in meconium from newborns with cystic fibrosis might be of significance relative to the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of this disease. We studied the enzymatic activity of disaccharidases (lactase, sucrase, maltase, and palatinase) in meconium of infants with cystic fibrosis and controls. We found an increase in the specific activity of these enzymes in the meconium from infants with cystic fibrosis as compared to the specific activity in meconium from normal infants. The increase in the activities, expressed as micromols per gram of protein per minute was: lactase, 100 times higher; sucrase, 18 times; maltase, 4.8 times, and palatinase, 8.9 times.
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PMID:Studies in meconium: disaccharidase activities in meconium from cystic fibrosis patients and controls. 119 37

In 59 persons of advanced (60-74 years) and in 17 others of senile (75-89 years) age the activity of disaccharides in the small intestine was studied. In the past history of all the examinees no affections of the gastro-intestinal tract were recorded. As controls 26 healthy subjects aged 20-26 were examined. It was noted that the activity of maltase in the duodenal mucosa declined in advanced age and of maltase, lactase and saccharase - in senility. In jejunal mucosa the activity of maltase and lactase proved less active in persons of senile age. The reduced activity of intestinal disaccharides is attended by atrophy of the jejunal mucosa.
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PMID:[Activity of intestinal disaccharidases in human aging]. 121 Feb 24

In 63 infants and children with a histological normal mucosa of the duodenum, without an isolated defect of enzyme and with a normal increase of xylose and glucose in serum after a combined xylose-lactose loading test the activities of disaccharidases were log normal distributed. The asymmetric distributions were transformed into symmetric ones and the geometric mean (x) as well as the range (+/- 2 s) of maltase, saccharase, isomaltase, lactase and trehalase were calculated. Only the activity of lactase shows a significant dependency on age. In the first year of age the lower limit (x -- 2 s) of this enzyme is much higher than later.
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PMID:[Disaccharidases of the small intestine mucosa in infants and children. "Normal values", log normal distribution and age dependence]. 122 50

The activities of the digestive enzymes, maltase [EC 3.2.1.20], sucrase [EC 3.2.1.26], trehalase [EC 3.2.1.28], Leucine aminopeptidase [EC 3.4.11.1], and alkaline phosphatase [EC 3.1.3.1] were measured in various regions of the small intestine of rats. The activities of all these enzymes were much higher in the jejunum than in the ileum, and in the distal regions of the ileum no sucrase, trehalase or alkaline phosphatase activity was detected. In the jejunum, the activities of all the enzymes tested exhibited clear circadian variations with the highest activity at 0000-0400 h and the lowest at 1200 h when the rats were fed ad libitum. In the ileum, maltase and sucrase also exhibited circadian variations, but the amplitude of the rhythm was smaller than that in the jejenum. Trehalase and alkaline phosphatase did not show any circadian variation in the ileum. Leucine aminopeptidase showed a circadian variation in the ileum with the same amplitude as in the jejunum. The phase of the circadian variations shifted about half a day when the rats were fed in the daytime, but the amplitude of the rhythm did not change.
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PMID:Circadian rhythms in digestive enzymes in the small intestine of rats. I. Patterns of the rhythms in various regions of the small intestine. 122 10

The activities of maltase and sucrase of the small intestine were low at night and high in the daytime in rats which had been fed from 09.00 h to 15.00 h for 2 weeks. A remarkable rise of enzyme activities was observed at 08.00 h, 1 h before the start of feeding. The rhythmic changes in disaccharidase activities continued for at least 2 days after starvation, but completely disappeared after 5 days of starvation. It was suggested that the disaccharidase rhythms are not a direct consequence of food intake, but that anticipation of food intake acts as a trigger for initiation of the disaccharidase rhythms.
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PMID:Circadian rhythms in disaccharidases of rat small intestine and its relation to food intake. 124 87

The releases of proteins, maltase, lactase, sucrase, trehalase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and leucylnaphthylamide-hydrolyzing activity from human intestinal brush bborder membrane vesicles by various enzymes (especially pancreatic proteases) have been studied. The brush border membrane enzymes are not solubilized by digestion with trypsin and chymotrypsin but are largely released after treatment with papain or elastase. Most of the enzymes are fully active after the proteolytic treatment. All proteins released by papain and elastase have been identified by electrophoresis to already known intestinal hydrolases. Electron microscopy of brush border membrane vesicles demonstrates "knob-like" structures (particles) attached to the external side of the membrane. During papain treatment, enzyme removal runs parallel with the disappearance of the particles. During elastase treatment it is not possible to correlate the release of the enzymic activities with the removal of the particles. The results indicate that most of the intestinal hydrolases are surface components attached to the external side of the membrane. They are in accord with the concept that the brush border membrane enzymes are organized within the membrane in a mosaic-like pattern.
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PMID:Enzymic solubilization of the human intestinal brush border membrane enzymes. 127 90

A new method for the assay of maltase and sucrase is reported. The method makes use of mutarotase, hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase as ancillary enzymes. The reaction is linear at least up to a delta E/min of 0.13.
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PMID:A new continuous optical assay for maltase and sucrase. 130 54

(1) We investigated the trophic effect of pectin on the intestinal mucosa injured by formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), a chemoattractant produced by the intestinal bacterial flora. (2) We first demonstrated that oral administration of FMLP for 7 days reduced the disaccharidase activities and increased the permeability, measured by fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran, of rat small intestine. (3) After 7 days of FMLP administration, rats were divided into fiber-free group which was given liquid elemental diet (Elental) and the pectin group which was given Elental supplemented with 2.5% pectin. (4) After 3 days of feeding (Day 3), the maltase activities of the pectin group was significantly greater than that of the fiber-free group and than that of the initial level just after the 1 week administration of FMLP. At Day 7, there was no difference of maltase activity between the two groups. The sucrase activity of the pectin group was also significantly greater than that of fiber-free group at Day 3. (5) Plasma enteroglucagon was significantly increased in the pectin group. We conclude that pectin-supplemented diet promoted the recovery of disaccharidase activities in the FMLP-injured intestinal mucosa which may be mediated by enteroglucagon.
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PMID:Effect of pectin on formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-injured intestinal mucosa of rat. 132 98


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