Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies on the soil microbes, soil enzyme activity and soil biochemical intensity in copper mining wasteland indicated that the total quantity of major soil microbes declined by 68.43%-80.32%, compared with that of the non-minig soil. The proportion of bacteria and actinomyces decreased, while that of fungi did not changed obviously. The amount of major physiological groups including ammonifiers, nitrogen fixing bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria and anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria all decreased, and soil basic respiration descended, compared with the control. The activity of soil enzymes weakened, which included urease, sucrase, proteinase, acid phosphtase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase. Soil biochemical intensity including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and cellulose decomposition descended, and the circulation of C and N in mining soil inhibited. All the results showed that the weakening of microbial activity was one of major characteristics in reclaimed mining soil.
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PMID:[Microbial eco-characteristics of reclaimed mining wasteland in red soil area of southern China. I. Effects on soil microbial activity]. 1499 48

This paper studied the effects of replacing natural secondary broad-leaved forest with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in the south, central and upstate areas of subtropical China on the changes of soil chemical and biological properties. The results showed that after replacing with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, the total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface soil decreased by 31.51% - 58.24%, and the contents of soil total N and P, pH value, C/N and C/P also decreased to different degree. Soil microbial amount was less than that under natural secondary broad-leaved forest, soil urease, invertase, catalase and dehydrogenase activities decreased, while soil polyphenol oxidase activity increased by 8% - 40%. The respiration rate of Cunninghamia lanceolata soil was 51.15% - 54.48% lower than that of natural secondary broad-leaved forest soil. The correlation between soil TOC and polyphenol oxidase activity was negative (R = - 0.723, n = 18), while those between soil TOC, N, P and other enzyme activities were positive. It could be concluded that replacing natural secondary broad-leaved forest with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation worsened soil quality, and the loss of soil organic matter in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation ecosystem might be one of the important factors resulted in the decrease of soil nutrients and enzyme activities.
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PMID:[Effects of replacing natural secondary broad-leaved forest with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation on soil biological activities]. 1626 50

The study with pot experiment showed that with increasing Cu concentration, soil urease, invertase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities decreased gradually. There was a significant correlation between Cu concentration and soil enzyme activities, with the correlated degree followed the order of invertase > polyphenol oxidase > urease > catalase. Under a fixed Cu concentration, soil enzyme activities changed with time, and the changes were different between high and low Cu concentrations, being increased slightly under low Cu concentration (< 500 mg x kg(-1)), but decreased gradually as Cu concentration increased (500-3000 mg x kg(-1)). Statistical analysis indicated that within the range of test Cu concentrations, the activities of test soil enzymes were significantly different among different Cu concentration (P < 0.01), which was accorded with the seedlings growth status. Soil pH was decreased, while electric conductivity was increased with increasing Cu concentration (500-3000 mg x kg(-1)), but they were increased with time under a fixed Cu concentration, with significant difference among different Cu concentration (P < 0.01) . Soil pH and electric conductivity were highly related to soil enzyme activities, with the order of polyphenol oxidase > invertase > catalase > urease. The test soil enzyme activities could be used as the indices of soil environment quality.
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PMID:[Effects of copper pollution on Trifolium repens growth and soil enzyme activities]. 1651 99

Soil properties, microbial communities and enzyme activities were studied in soil amended with replicase (RP)-transgenic or non-transgenic papaya under field conditions. Compared with non-transgenic papaya, significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in total nitrogen in soils grown with transgenic papaya. There were also significant differences (P<0.05) in the total number of colony forming units (CFUs) of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi between soils amended with RP-transgenic plants and non-transgenic plants. Compared with non-transgenic papaya, the total CFUs of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in soil with transgenic papaya increased by 0.43-1.1, 0.21-0.80 and 0.46-0.73 times respectively. Significantly higher (P<0.05) CFUs of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi resistant to kanamycin (Km) were obtained in soils with RP-transgenic papaya than those with non-transgenic papaya in all concentrations of Km. Higher resistance quotients for Kmr (kanamycin resistant) bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were found in soil planted with RP-transgenic papaya, and the resistance quotients for Kmr bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in soils with transgenic papaya increased 1.6-4.46, 0.63-2.5 and 0.75-2.30 times. RP-transgenic papaya and non-transgenic papaya produced significantly different enzyme activities in arylsulfatase (5.4-5.9x), polyphenol oxidase (0.7-1.4x), invertase (0.5-0.79x), cellulase (0.23-0.35x) and phosphodiesterase (0.16-0.2x). The former three soil enzymes appeared to be more sensitive to the transgenic papaya than the others, and could be useful parameters in assessing the effects of transgenic papaya. Transgenic papaya could alter soil chemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial communities.
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PMID:Field released transgenic papaya effect on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities. 1858 57

In a pot experiment, the aqueous extract of 10 years old Zanthoxylum bungeanum's leaves was used to water Z. bungeanum seedlings to test its effects on soil microbes and enzyme activities. The results showed that the leaf extract decreased the total amount of microbes and the quantity of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces in rhizosphere soil, but increased the total amount of microbes in non-rhizosphere soil. After watering with the extract, the proteinase, invertase and acid phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil were considerably lower than those in nonrhizosphere soil, while catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities were in adverse. Soil proteinase activity had a significant positive correlation with invertase activity, but a significant negative correlation with actinomyces amount. Soil polyphenol oxidase activity had a significant negative correlation with invertase activity, but a positive correlation with the total amount of microbes and the quantity of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces. Soil actinomyces only had significant correlations with proteinase, polyphenol oxidase and invertase activities and fungi.
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PMID:[Effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf extract on soil microbe quantity and enzyme activities]. 1714 75

With adjacent semi-moving dune as the control, this paper studied the effects of 5-, 10- and 22-year old Hedysarum fruticosum plantations on the nutrient status, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities at the soil depths 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. The results showed that with the establishment of H. fruticosum plantation on moving dune, soil C, N, P and K contents and biological activities increased obviously with the increasing age of the plantation, and the increment was much higher at 0-10 cm than at 10-20 and 20-30 cm. At 0-30 cm, soil C/N increased from 7.3 to 8.5, and microbial biomass C, N and P as well as the activities of urease, protease, saccharase, phosphomonoesterase, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase and nitrate reductase all increased. Among the test enzyme activities, saccharase activity had the most significant increase, with its value at 0-10 cm being 49.7-284.5 times of the control. There were significant positive correlations between soil microbial biomass C, N and P and organic C, total N and total P, respectively, and between soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities.
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PMID:[Amelioration effect of sand-fixing Hedysarum fruticosum plantations on soil nutrient contents and biological activities]. 1797 38

To investigate the effects of elevated temperature on the soil organic carbon content, soil respiration rate, and soil enzyme activities in subalpine Picea asperata plantations in western Sichuan Province of China, a simulation study was conducted in situ with open-top chambers from November 2005 to July 2007. The results showed that under elevated temperature, the mean air temperature and soil temperature were 0.42 degrees C and 0.25 degrees C higher than the control, respectively. In the first and the second year, the increased temperature had somewhat decreasing effects on the soil organic carbon and the C/N ratio at the soil depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. In the first year the soil organic carbon and the C/N ratio in 0-10 cm soil layer decreased by 8.69%, and 8.52%, respectively; but in the second year, the decrements were lesser. Soil respiration rate was significantly enhanced in the first year of warming, but had no significant difference with the control in the second year. In the first year of warming, the activities of soil invertase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, protease, and urease increased, and the invertase and polyphenol oxidase activities in 0-10 cm soil layer were significantly higher than the control. In the second year of warming, the activities of invertase, protease and urease still had an increase, but those of catalase and polyphenol oxidase had a downtrend, compared with the control.
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PMID:[Effects of elevated temperature on soil organic carbon and soil respiration under subalpine coniferous forest in western Sichuan Province, China]. 1897 35

A simulation test was conducted to study the change trends of soil cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, and sucrase activities under natural broadleaf-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and secondary poplar (Populus davidiana) -birch (Betula platyphylla) mixed forests as affected by 0, 25, and 50 kg x hm(-2) x a(-1) of N deposition. The results showed that the effects of elevated N deposition on test enzyme activities varied with forest type, and short-term nitrogen addition could significantly affect the test enzyme activities. High N deposition decreased soil polyphyneol oxidase activity, and correspondingly, soil cellulase and sucrase activities also had a trend of decrease.
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PMID:[Soil enzyme activities under two forest types as affected by different levels of nitrogen deposition]. 1928 37

To understand the effects of seasonal freeze-thaw on the ecological processes of subalpine forest ecosystem, the enzyme activities in Abies faxoniana and Betula platyphylla litters under freeze-thaw were measured from October 2006 to October 2007 by the method of litter bags. There was an obvious monthly change in the enzyme activities, but the peak time varied with enzymes. Compared to the control, freeze-thaw had significant effects on the activities of invertase, urease, cellulase, and dehydrogenase in the litters (P < 0.05). Over a growth season, the invertase, cellulase, and urease activities in fir litter increased by 66.1%, 14.8%, and 76.3%, respectively while dehydrogenase activity decreased by 18.4%, and the invertase activity in birch litter increased by 39.4% while the urease, cellulase and dehydrogenase activities decreased by 18.2%, 28.7% and 15.6%, respectively. As for the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in fir and birch litters, they were less affected by freeze-thaw. All of these revealed that seasonal freeze-thaw had definite effects on the litter decomposition of subalpine forest, which closely related to the kind of litter and its decomposition stage.
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PMID:[Effects of seasonal freeze-thaw on the enzyme activities in Abies faxoniana and Betula platyphylla litters]. 1980 55

The dynamic changes of soil enzymatic activities during remediation of phenanthrene contaminated soil with clover or clover and wheat were investigated with pot experiments. Clover and wheat increased the activities of soil sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase with an increase rate in the range of 14.72%-46.52%, but inhibited the catalase activity with an inhibition rate in the range of 36.13%-94.79%. Sucrase and polyphenol oxidase reached the maximum activity values at the 14th day, and urease and phosphatase at the 21th day. Catalase got to the minimum activity value at the 7th day. In the light of these, catalase was relatively more sensitive to phenanthrene than the other enzymes, and could be employed as a key indicator to evaluate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil during remedying. Sucrase and polyphenol oxidase activities in wheat and clover intercropping system were significantly higher than in wheat or clover single-cropping system. Furthermore, there was a good negative correlation between catalase and sucrase (r = - 0.482), and polyphenol oxidase (r = -0.599), and urease (r = -0.329), and phosphatase (r = -0.297). Nonetheless, a good positive correlation existed among sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and phosphatase. It is concluded that in the process of phytoremediation, soil enzymes can be employed as indicators for soil quality, it is not necessary to monitor each enzymatic activity, but to the activity of a key enzyme.
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PMID:[Enzymatic activities of phenanthrene contaminated soil in wheat and clover intercropping system]. 2018 7


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