Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tn552, one of several closely related beta-lactamase-encoding transposons from Staphylococcus aureus, has a novel set of putative transposition functions. Each is homologous with a well-characterized function from a different type of mobile genetic element. Thus, Tn552 encodes: (i) resL-binL, a co-integrate resolution system homologous with those of Tn3 family elements; (ii) p480, a potential transposase significantly homologous with the DNA integrases of eukaryotic retroviruses and retrotransposons; and (iii) p271, a potential ATP-binding protein that shows homology with the B protein of phage Mu. The 3' terminal nucleotides of Tn552 (CA), adjacent to which p480 might cleave, are the same as those of retroviruses, retrotransposons and phage Mu. The presumptive resolvase (BinL) is very closely related to BinR, which was identified as a DNA invertase and is now shown to resolve an artificial co-integrate in vivo. Furthermore, the structure of the derivative of Tn552 found in the staphylococcal plasmid pI258 can be explained by a BinL (or BinR)-mediated site-specific deletion ('resolution') event. Thus, pI258 contains only the right-hand half of Tn552, which encodes the beta-lactamase and two regulatory proteins. The latter are homologous with the beta-lactamase gene repressor and co-inducer of Bacillus licheniformis. Interestingly, the order of the regulatory genes is reversed in S. aureus compared with Bacillus licheniformis.
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PMID:Tn552, a novel transposable element from Staphylococcus aureus. 217 Aug 15

The yeast Vps4 protein (Vps4p) is a member of the AAA protein family (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) and a key player in the transport of proteins out of a prevacuolar endosomal compartment. In human cells, we identified two non-allelic orthologous proteins (VPS4-A and VPS4-B) of yeast Vps4p. The human VPS4-A and VPS4-B proteins display a high degree of sequence identity to each other (80 %) and to the yeast Vps4 protein (59 and 60 %, respectively). Yeast cells lacking a functional VPS4 gene exhibit a temperature-sensitive growth defect and mislocalise a carboxypeptidase Y-invertase fusion protein to the cell surface. Heterologous expression of human VPS4 genes in vps4 mutant yeast strains led, in the case of human VPS4-A, to a partial and, in the case of human VPS4-B, to a complete suppression of the temperature-sensitive growth defect. The vacuolar protein sorting defect of vps4 mutant yeast cells was complemented completely by heterologous expressed human VPS4-B protein, and partially by the human VPS4-A protein. Expression of mutant human VPS4-A (E228Q) and VPS4-B (E235Q) proteins, harbouring single amino acid exchanges in their AAA domains, induced dominant-negative vacuolar protein sorting defects in wild-type yeast cells in both cases. Two-hybrid experiments suggest that the human VPS4-A and VPS4-B proteins can form heteromeric complexes, and subcellular localisation experiments indicate that both human VPS4 proteins associate with endosomal compartments in yeast. Based on these results, we conclude that both human VPS4 proteins are involved in intracellular protein trafficking, presumably at a late endosomal protein transport step, similar to the Vps4p in yeast.
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PMID:Mammalian cells express two VPS4 proteins both of which are involved in intracellular protein trafficking. 1156 10