Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Physicians studied 16 moderately to severely malnourished infants 6 months old who had severe diarrhea for 2 weeks and did not gain weight. After admitting the infants, they administered total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to the infants through a central vein. As the infants began receiving TPN, they were randomly assigned to receive either banked human milk or sterile water by continuous nasogastric feeding for 2 weeks. In addition, before beginning nasogastric feedings and at the conclusion of the study, a physician performed a peroral biopsy of the small intestine. Small intestine perfusion studies were also done in the beginning and at the end of the 2 week period. More infants in the human milk group than in the sterile water group had 25% decrease in sucrase activity (p.02). Researchers noted that the villus/crypt ratio was similar in both groups at the beginning of the study and improved only in the sterile water group (p.002), but this was not a function of treatment. Additionally, more infants in the human milk group had an increase in the intraepithelial lymphocyte count than those in the sterile water group (milk, 5/7; water, 1/8; p.03). On the other hand, the data demonstrate that no differences existed in glucose and water absorption or in lactase and maltase activities as a function of the milk versus water treatment. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that human milk does not benefit small intestine mucosa recovery. Research to determine the effect of predigested formulas or specific factors in fresh human milk on the rate of mucosal recovery is needed.
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PMID:Human milk and the rate of small intestinal mucosal recovery in protracted diarrhea. 249 97

The effects of feeding 2 protein hydrolysates, one prepared by controlled pepsin and pancreatic protease (including elastase II) hydrolysis of milk proteins (PPPH) and the other a di- and tripeptide bacterial protease hydrolysate of bovine albumin (DTPH), on the growth, nitrogen balance and small intestine adaptation of growing rats were analyzed. Two groups of 3-week-old rats (8 rats/group) were fed the liquid diets ad libitum for 2 weeks. The diets had the same caloric, nitrogen, carbohydrate and lipid contents. The amino acid compositions fulfilled the needs of growing rats. The diet differed in the original proteins, the hydrolysis technique used and the molecular weights of the peptides. Nitrogen intakes were similar. Although there was no difference in weight gain, nitrogen balance was significantly higher in the rats fed the PPPH diet (day 4-day 6:PPPH, 60 +/- 4%, DTPH, 25 +/- 5%; day 12-day 15: PPPH, 58 +/- 3%; DTPH, 30 +/- 5%). The stool nitrogens were identical, suggesting improved nitrogen storage in the rats fed the PPPH diet. Small intestine adaptation showed that the rats on the PPPH diet had significantly more protein (mg) and DNA (microgram) per 10 cm of the jejunum (PPPH, 25.6 +/- 2, 393 +/- 20; DTPH: 15.7 +/- 2, 258 +/- 23) and sucrase-specific activity and per microgram of DNA (PPPH, 133 +/- 5.7, 9.7 +/- 0.5; DTPH, 113 v 5, 7 +/- 1). The N-aminopeptidase-specific activity was the same in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of two protein hydrolysates on growth, nitrogen balance and small intestine adaptation in growing rats. 811 46

Two liquid diets containing selected milk proteins (SMP) or its small peptide hydrolysate (SPH) were fed to growing rats for 2 wk and the effects on growth, nitrogen balance, and small intestine adaptation were determined. Residual antigenicity of the SPH diet as measured by immunodot was reduced by 98.8%. Nitrogen intakes were not different. Weight gain was significantly higher in rats fed the SMP diet. In contrast, the absolute nitrogen balance was similar, suggesting that protein storage was identical with the two diets. A better nitrogen digestion-absorption rate with the SPH diet was observed as evidenced by the significantly increased fecal excretion with the SMP diet. Small intestine adaptation showed no difference between the two diets for mucosal weight, protein content/10 cm as well as for sucrase, glucoamylase, and N-aminopeptidase total activity/10 cm or specific activity (mU/mg protein). The DNA content of the mucosa/10 cm was significantly higher suggesting a mucosal hyperplasia in the SPH diet. The data suggest that in rats the SPH diet leads to nitrogen retention and small intestine adaptation similar to that of the SMP diet, despite better body weight gain by the latter.
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PMID:Antigenicity and nutritional value of selected milk proteins and their hydrolysate in growing rats. 897 5