Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
 4,927 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many studies dealing with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis in rats have been carried out referring only to the colon. In humans, ulcerative colitis (UC) can extend a variable distance into the terminal ileum in a phenomenon known as backwash ileitis (BWI). The aim of this study was therefore to examine the effect of TNBS-induced colitis on different aspects of the rat ileum and jejunum. We hypothesized that TNBS administration would lead to a systemic influence on the small intestine. Rats were induced colitis by administration of 0.25 ml of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and 72 h after colitis induction animals were sacrificed. Segments were taken of the colon, ileum and jejunum. In addition to mucin mRNA expression, morphological changes were observed in the jejunum and ileum. We examined the mRNA expression and biochemical activity of brush border enzyme, sucrase iso-maltase and aminopeptidase, in all three segments. The villous surface area of colitis-induced rats was smaller in jejunum and ileum compared to control. In the jejunum of TNBS-induced rats, goblet-cell volume increased and their density decreased. The relative amount of MUC2 mRNA decreased in the jejunum, ileum and colon of colitis rat. However, MUC3 mRNA expression increased in the ileum and colon of these rats. Sucrase isomaltase expression and activity decreased in the ileum of TNBS-induced rats, while aminopeptidase activity was lower in the jejunum. These observations suggest that intrarectal administration of TNBS to rats influences not only their colon and terminal ileum, but also the proximal ileum and jejunum. Involvement of the ileum and jejunum in TNBS-induced colitis may be related to the systemic reaction of the immune system and mucosa to colitis.
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PMID:Mucosal function in rat jejunum and ileum is altered by induction of colitis. 1696 28

Early intestinal development is essential for chicken embryos to fulfill their maximal growth potential. Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) is known to improve gut morphology, function, and innate immunity; therefore, we hypothesized that its administration in the prehatch period to the sterile intestine of embryos would affect intestinal development and functionality without mediation of gut microflora. The MOS was administered by in ovo feeding procedure to embryos 3 d before hatch. the effects of MOS administration on intestinal morphology, activity of the brush-border enzymes amino peptidase (AP) and sucrase isomaltase (SI) and mRNA abundance of AP, SI, sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), peptide transporter 1 (PepT1), secreted mucin (MUC2), and toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) were examined and compared with saline-injected and noninjected controls. Results show that on embryonic d 20 the only parameter affected was MUC2 mRNA abundance, which exhibited a 3-fold increase in the MOS group versus controls. On day of hatch more parameters were affected: a 20 to 32% increase in villus area was found in the MOS group compared with controls; crypt depth and number of goblet cells per villus were higher by 20 and 50%, respectively, compared with the saline group; and AP and SI activities were higher by 44 and 36%, respectively, compared with the noninjected control. In addition, an increase in fold change mRNA abundance of AP, SI, and TLR4 was observed in the MOS group compared with controls. However, on d 3 posthatch, a decrease in MOS effects was noted, indicating a temporally limited effect after administration of 1 dose. In ovo administration of MOS prehatch resulted in a hatching chick with more mature enterocytes and enhanced epithelial barrier and digestive and absorptive capacity at day of hatch. Results imply that the mechanism underlying the observed changes is not mediated through gut microflora but rather involves a direct effect of MOS on intestinal cells.
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PMID:The effect of in ovo administration of mannan oligosaccharide on small intestine development during the pre- and posthatch periods in chickens. 2193 14

Cardiac mucosa (CM) of the adult, regardless its location, shares phenotypic characteristics with Barrett's epithelium, namely villin expression and a Barrett's pattern of cytokeratins 7 and 20 expression. As far as we know, the phenotypic profile of CM in children has not been studied. The objective was to evaluate the phenotypic profile of cardiac mucosa from the esophagogastric junction of children with reflux symptoms. Biopsies routinely performed at the esophagogastric junction of children submitted to upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy for complaints suggestive of reflux were retrieved from the archive and used for the purposes of this study. Biopsies were assessed for the presence of squamous epithelium, cardiac and oxyntic mucosa and intestinal metaplasia. Samples displaying both squamous and columnar epithelia were immunohistochemically evaluated for the presence of villin and sucrase-isomaltae and for the expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20. From the 42 biopsies samples retrieved, 30 had simultaneously squamous and columnar epithelia. Cardiac mucosa was present in 86.7% of the cases, and intestinal metaplasia was observed only in one (3.3%). Villin expression in cardiac mucosa was observed in 96% of the cases and a cytokeratins 7 and 20 Barrett's pattern in 73%. Sucrase-isomaltase and MUC2 were only expressed in the case with intestinal metaplasia. Cardiac mucosa was high prevalent in biopsies from the esophagogastric junction of children with reflux. As in adults, cardiac mucosa in children has an immunoprofile similar to Barrett's esophagus. For the first time, it was shown that pediatric cardiac mucosa frequently expresses villin.
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PMID:Characteristics of cardiac epithelium at the esophagogastric junction of a pediatric population with gastroesophageal reflux. 2410 98