Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.26 (invertase)
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The intensity and direction of soil biochemical process can be reflected by soil enzyme. The relationship between enzyme activity of soil and environmental factors is deeply studied in this paper, which can contribute to explore the soil ecological process and to provide scientific evidence for scientific regulation of soil system. Soil samples from new cropland, ten-years cropland, thirty-years cropland, orchard, plantation, natural forest, grassland, saline land and desert in the upper reaches of the Tarim River were collected. The relationships between soil enzyme activities and environmental factors were analyzed by traditional statistics and redundancy analysis ( RDA) . The results showed that soil enzyme activities in this area were low, with the average of enzyme properties as follows: catalase, urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase, with activity of 4. 27 mL . g -1, 0. 34 mg . g -1, 2. 08 mL . g -1 and 0. 08 mg . g -1, respectively. According to the RDA results, the total nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium, soil moisture and total salt were significantly correlated with enzyme activity while a relatively significant correlationship between bulk density and enzyme activity was found. There was no significant correlationship between available potassium/pH and enzyme activity. The importance of environmental factors to soil enzyme activities could be arranged as total nitrogen > organic matter > available potassium > soil moisture > total salt > bulk density > available potassium > pH.
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PMID:[Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationships to Environmental Factors in a Typical Oasis in the Upper Reaches of the Tarim River]. 2648 41

The long-term impact of human exploitation and environmental changes has led to a decline in grassland productivity and soil fertility, which eventually results in grassland degradation. The application of organic fertilizer is an effective improvement measure; however, it is still not fully understood how the addition of organic fertilizer influences grassland soil fertility and plant composition. A set of experiments were conducted in Inner Mongolia in China to reveal the tradeoff between steppe plants and soil microorganisms and the eco-physiological mechanisms involved, and how the addition of vermicompost and mushroom residues affect microbial diversity, enzyme activities, and the chemical properties of soil in degraded Leymus chinensis grassland. Organic fertilizer improved the soil nutrient status and shaped distinct bacterial communities. Compared with the control the available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) contents were highest under treatments a3 and b3, and the aboveground biomass was highest under the b3 treatment. Soil sucrase activities increased by 7.88% under the b3 treatment. Moreover, the richness index significantly increased by 7.07% and 7.23% under the a1 and b2 treatments, respectively. The most abundant Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were detected in the organic fertilizer treatment. A linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) indicated that the bacterial community was significantly increased under the b3 treatment. A canonical correspondence analysis (RDA) and spearman correlation heatmap confirmed that total P (TP) and urease were the key driving factors for shaping bacterial communities in the soil. Our results indicated that the application of large amounts of vermicompost and mushroom residues increased the availability of nutrients and also enhanced the biodiversity of soil bacterial communities in L. chinensis grasslands, which will contribute to the sustainable development of agro-ecosystems.
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PMID:Effects of organic fertilizer on soil nutrient status, enzyme activity, and bacterial community diversity in Leymus chinensis steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. 3305 41