Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase)
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The taxonomic position of the fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting groups A46 (five isolates), A51 (six isolates), A52 (five isolates) and A53 (seven isolates) obtained in a previous study were further analysed through a polyphasic approach. The 23 isolates were phylogenetically related to Vibrio splendidus, but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments proved that they belong to three novel species. Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further disclosed several features that differentiate between the 23 isolates and known Vibrio species. The names Vibrio kanaloae sp. nov. (type strain LMG 20539(T) = CAIM 485(T); EMBL accession no. AJ316193; G + C content 44.7 mol%), Vibrio pomeroyi sp. nov. (type strain LMG 20537(T) = CAIM 578(T); EMBL accession no. AJ491290; G +C content 44.1 mol%) and Vibrio chagasii sp. nov. (type strain LMG 21353(T) = CAIM 431(T); EMBL accession no. AJ316199; G + C content 44.6 mol%) are respectively proposed to encompass the five isolates of A46, the six isolates of A51 and the 12 isolates of A52/A53. The three novel species can be distinguished from known Vibrio species by several phenotypic features, including utilization and fermentation of various carbon sources, beta-galactosidase activity and fatty acid content (particularly of 12 : 0, 14: 0, 14 : 0 iso and 16 : 0 iso).
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PMID:Vibrio kanaloae sp. nov., Vibrio pomeroyi sp. nov. and Vibrio chagasii sp. nov., from sea water and marine animals. 1280 97

On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, a novel species belonging to the genus Pedobacter is described. A facultatively psychrophilic, Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped strain, A37(T), was isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite. The non-flagellated and non-spore-forming isolate grew over a temperature range of 1-25 degrees C, showed activities of oxidase, catalase, DNase, protease (gelatin, casein), amylase, beta-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-lactamase and degraded oil hydrocarbons. A distinct optimum temperature of 15 degrees C was observed for both protease production and oil hydrocarbon biodegradation. Analysis of 16S rDNA revealed that strain A37(T) represents a distinct taxon within PEDOBACTER: DNA from strain A37(T) showed only 19.7 % genetic relatedness to the DNA of Pedobacter piscium. The DNA G+C content was 43.4 mol%. Dominant fatty acids (51 %) were iso-15 : 0 2-OH and 16 : 1omega7c. The strain is assigned to a novel Pedobacter species, for which the name Pedobacter cryoconitis sp. nov. is proposed, with A37(T) (=DSM 14825(T)=LMG 21415(T)) as the type strain.
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PMID:Pedobacter cryoconitis sp. nov., a facultative psychrophile from alpine glacier cryoconite. 1313 9

In this study, the taxonomic positions of 19 Vibrio isolates disclosed in a previous study were evaluated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences partitioned these isolates into groups that were closely related (98.8-99.1 % similarity) to Vibrio pelagius and Vibrio xuii, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments further showed that these groups had <70 % similarity to other Vibrio species. Two novel Vibrio species are proposed to accommodate these groups: Vibrio fortis sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 21557(T)=CAIM 629(T)) and Vibrio hepatarius sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 20362(T)=CAIM 693(T)). The DNA G+C content of both novel species is 45.6 mol%. Useful phenotypic features for discriminating V. fortis and V. hepatarius from other Vibrio species include production of indole and acetoin, utilization of cellobiose, fermentation of amygdalin, melibiose and mannitol, beta-galactosidase and tryptophan deaminase activities and fatty acid composition.
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PMID:Vibrio fortis sp. nov. and Vibrio hepatarius sp. nov., isolated from aquatic animals and the marine environment. 1313 38

Five alginolytic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the gut of abalones Haliotis laevigata and Haliotis rubra. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA data indicated that these strains are related closely to Vibrio halioticoli (98 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity). DNA-DNA hybridization and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting demonstrated that the five strains constituted a single species that was different from all currently known vibrios. The name Vibrio superstes sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 21323(T)=IAM 15009(T)=G3-29(T); DNA G+C content, 48.0-48.9 mol%) is proposed to encompass this novel taxon. Several phenotypic features were disclosed that discriminate V. superstes from other Vibrio species: V. superstes sp. nov. and V. halioticoli can be differentiated on the basis of 17 traits (indole production, beta-galactosidase test and assimilation of 15 carbon compounds).
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PMID:Vibrio superstes sp. nov., isolated from the gut of Australian abalones Haliotis laevigata and Haliotis rubra. 1465 9

During a search for xylan-degrading micro-organisms, a sporulated bacterium was recovered from recent and old cow dung and rectal samples. The isolates were identified as members of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. According to the results of phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related species was Paenibacillus azoreducens. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments also showed that the isolates belonged to a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus. The novel species is a facultatively anaerobic, motile, Gram-variable, sporulated rod. The spores of this rod-shaped micro-organism occur in slightly swollen sporangia and are honeycomb-shaped. The main fatty acid is anteiso-branched C(15:0). Growth was observed with many carbohydrates, including xylan, as the only carbon source and gas production was not observed from glucose. The novel species produces a wide variety of hydrolytic enzymes, such as xylanases, cellulases, amylases, gelatinase, urease and beta-galactosidase. On the contrary, it does not produce caseinase, phenylalanine deaminase or lysine decarboxylase. According to the data obtained in this work, the strains belong to a novel species, for which the name Paenibacillus favisporus sp. nov. is proposed (type strain, GMP01T=LMG 20987T=CECT 5760T).
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PMID:Paenibacillus favisporus sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from cow faeces. 1474 59

Sixty strains of Gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from human sources initially assigned to Leptotrichia buccalis (n=58) and 'Leptotrichia pseudobuccalis' (n=2) have been subjected to polyphasic taxonomy. Full-length 16S rDNA sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization, RAPD, SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins, cellular fatty acid analysis and enzymic/biochemical tests supported the establishment of four novel Leptotrichia species from this collection, Leptotrichia goodfellowii sp. nov. (type strain LB 57(T)=CCUG 32286(T)=CIP 107915(T)), Leptotrichia hofstadii sp. nov. (type strain LB 23(T)=CCUG 47504(T)=CIP 107917(T)), Leptotrichia shahii sp. nov. (type strain LB 37(T)=CCUG 47503(T)=CIP 107916(T)) and Leptotrichia wadei sp. nov. (type strain LB 16(T)=CCUG 47505(T)=CIP 107918(T)). Light and electron microscopy showed that the four novel species were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and non-motile rods. L. goodfellowii produced arginine dihydrolase, beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, arginine arylamidase, leucine arylamidase and histidine arylamidase. L. shahii produced alpha-arabinosidase. L. buccalis and L. goodfellowii fermented mannose and were beta-galactosidase-6-phosphate positive. L. goodfellowii, L. hofstadii and L. wadei were beta-haemolytic. L. buccalis fermented raffinose. With L. buccalis, L. goodfellowii showed 3.8-5.5 % DNA-DNA relatedness, L. shahii showed 24.5-34.1 % relatedness, L. hofstadii showed 27.3-36.3 % relatedness and L. wadei showed 24.1-35.9 % relatedness. 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that L. hofstadii, L. shahii, L. wadei and L. goodfellowii each formed individual clusters with 97, 96, 94 and 92 % similarity, respectively, to L. buccalis.
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PMID:Genetic diversity of Leptotrichia and description of Leptotrichia goodfellowii sp. nov., Leptotrichia hofstadii sp. nov., Leptotrichia shahii sp. nov. and Leptotrichia wadei sp. nov. 1502 79

Five alginolytic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the gut of the abalone Haliotis tuberculata. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA data indicated that these strains are related to Vibrio wodanis, Vibrio salmonicida, Vibrio logei and Vibrio fischeri (but with <97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA-DNA hybridization and fluorescence amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting demonstrated that the five strains constituted a single species that was different from all currently known vibrios. The name Vibrio gallicus sp. nov. (type strain, CIP 107863(T)=LMG 21878(T)=HT2-1(T); DNA G+C content, 43.6-44.3 mol%) is proposed for this novel taxon. Several phenotypic features were disclosed that discriminated V. gallicus from other Vibrio species: V. gallicus can be differentiated from Vibrio halioticoli on the basis of four traits (beta-galactosidase test and assimilation of three carbon compounds) and from Vibrio superstes by 16 traits.
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PMID:Vibrio gallicus sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the French abalone Haliotis tuberculata. 1514 33

Strain KMM 3524T was isolated from the holothurian Apostichopus japonicus living in the Sea of Japan. The bacterial strain was pigmented, non-motile, Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and oxidase-, catalase- and beta-galactosidase-positive. From the results of 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain KMM 3524T was found to be related closely to Salegentibacter salegens (98.1%). DNA-DNA homology between strains KMM 3524T and S. salegens DSM 5424T was 38%; this showed clearly that the holothurian isolate KMM 3524T belongs to a novel species of the genus Salegentibacter for which the name Salegentibacter holothuriorum sp. nov. is proposed, with KMM 3524T (=NBRC 100249T=LMG 21968T) as the type strain.
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PMID:Salegentibacter holothuriorum sp. nov., isolated from the edible holothurian Apostichopus japonicus. 1528 Feb 77

Five alginolytic, facultative anaerobic, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the gut of Japanese abalones (Haliotis discus discus, H. diversicolor diversicolor and H. diversicolor aquatilis). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene and gap gene sequences indicated that these strains are closely related to V. halioticoli. DNA-DNA hybridizations, FAFLP fingerprintings, and phylogenies of gap and 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the five strains represent two species different from all currently described vibrios. The names Vibrio neonatus sp. nov. (IAM 15060T = LMG 19973T = HDD3-1T; mol% G+C of DNA is 42.1-43.9), and Vibrio ezurae sp. nov. (IAM 15061T = LMG 19970T = HDS1-1T; mol% G+C of DNA is 43.6-44.8) are proposed to encompass these new taxa. The two new species can be differentiated from V. halioticoli on the basis of several features, including beta-galactosidase activity, assimilation of glycerol, D-mannose and D-gluconate.
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PMID:Vibrio neonatus sp. nov. and Vibrio ezurae sp. nov. isolated from the gut of Japanese abalones. 1549 May 53

Polyphasic analysis of five new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. gyrB phylogenetic analysis, fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) fingerprinting and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed to accommodate these isolates in a novel species, Vibrio crassostreae sp. nov. (type strain LGP 7(T)=LMG 22240(T)=CIP 108327(T)). Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features that differentiate V. crassostreae from other known Vibrio species include arginine dihydrolase, utilization and fermentation of various carbon sources, beta-galactosidase activity, NO(2) production and the presence of the fatty acids 14 : 0 iso and 16 : 0 iso.
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PMID:Vibrio crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from the haemolymph of oysters (Crassostrea gigas). 1554 47


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