Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase)
14,648 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Strain 130ZT was isolated from the bovine rumen. It is a facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, Gram-negative rod. It exhibits a 'Morse code' form of morphology, which is characteristic of the genus Actinobacillus. Strain 130ZT is a capnophilic, osmotolerant succinogen that utilizes a broad range of sugars. It accumulates high concentrations of succinic acid (> 70 g l-1). Strain 130ZT is positive for catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase, but does not produce indole or urease. Acid but no gas is produced from D-glucose and D-fructose. 16S rRNA sequence analysis places strain 130ZT within the family Pasteurellaceae; the most closely related members of the family Pasteurellaceae have 16S rRNA similarities of 95.5% or less with strain 130ZT. Strain 130ZT was compared with Actinobacillus lignieresii and the related Bisgaard Taxa 6 and 10. Based upon morphological and biochemical properties, strain 130ZT is most similar to members of the genus Actinobacillus within the family Pasteurellaceae. It is proposed that strain 130ZT be classified as a new species, Actinobacillus succinogenes. The type strain of Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov. is ATCC 55618T.
...
PMID:Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov., a novel succinic-acid-producing strain from the bovine rumen. 1002 65

Strong phospholipase A (PLA) and phospholipase C (PLC) activities as potential virulence factors are the outstanding characteristics of eight strains of small oral spirochaetes isolated from deep periodontal lesions. By qualitative dot-blot DNA-DNA hybridization and 16S rDNA sequence comparison, these spirochaetes form a distinct phylogenetic group, with Treponema maltophilum as its closest cultivable relative. Growth of these treponemes, cells of which contain two endoflagella, one at each pole, was autoinhibited by the PLA-mediated production of lysolecithin unless medium OMIZ-Pat was prepared without lecithin. N-Acetylglucosamine was essential and D-ribose was stimulatory for growth. All isolates were growth-inhibited when 1% foetal calf serum was added to the medium. Growth on agar plates supplemented with human erythrocytes produced haemolysis. In addition to PLA and PLC, the new isolates displayed strong activities of alkaline and acid phosphatases, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and sialidase, intermediate activities of C4- and C8-esterases, naphthol phosphohydrolase and alpha-fucosidase and a distinctive 30 kDa antigen detectable on Western blots. This phenotypically and genotypically homogeneous group is proposed as a novel species, Treponema lecithinolyticum sp. nov., with isolate OMZ 684T designated as the type strain. A molecular epidemiological analysis using a T. lecithinolyticum-specific probe showed this organism to be associated with affected sites when compared with unaffected sites of periodontitis patients. This association was more pronounced in patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis than in those with adult periodontitis.
...
PMID:Treponema lecithinolyticum sp. nov., a small saccharolytic spirochaete with phospholipase A and C activities associated with periodontal diseases. 1055 10

The genus Abiotrophia represents a heterogeneous group of fastidious cocci that show a dependence on pyridoxal hydrochloride analogs for growth. The genetic heterogeneity in the genus Abiotrophia was examined by DNA-DNA hybridization, PCR assay of genomic DNA sequences, and restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence homology analyses of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene. Nine type or reference strains of Abiotrophia defectiva, Abiotrophia adiacens, and Abiotrophia elegans and 36 oral Abiotrophia isolates including the ones presumptively identified as Gemella morbillorum by the rapid ID32 STREP system were divided into four groups: A. defectiva (genotype 1), A. adiacens (genotype 2), A. elegans (genotype 4), and a fourth species (genotype 3) which we propose be named Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov. A PCR assay specific for detection and identification of the novel Abiotrophia species was developed. A. para-adiacens generally produced beta-glucosidase but did not produce alpha- or beta-galactosidase or arginine dihydrolase, did not ferment, trehalose, pullulan, or tagatose, and was serotype IV, V, or VI. Thus, it was distinguished phenotypically from A. adiacens, A. elegans, and A. defectiva as well as, apparently, from the recently described species Abiotrophia balaenopterae sp. nov., which produces arginine dihydrolase and which ferments pullulan but not sucrose (P. A. Lawson et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49:503-506, 1999). Strain ATCC 27527, currently listed as G. morbillorum, was a member of the species A. para-adiacens.
...
PMID:Genetic heterogeneities and phenotypic characteristics of strains of the genus Abiotrophia and proposal of Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov. 1065 34

The Burkholderia cepacia complex currently comprises five genomic species, i.e., B. cepacia genomovar I, B. multivorans (formerly known as B. cepacia genomovar II), B. cepacia genomovar III, B. cepacia genomovar IV, and B. vietnamiensis (also known as B. cepacia genomovar V). In the absence of straightforward diagnostic tests for the identification of B. cepacia genomovars I, III, and IV, the last two genomic species were not formally classified as novel Burkholderia species (genomovar I contains the type strain and therefore retains the name B. cepacia). In the present study, we describe differential biochemical tests and a recA gene-based PCR assay for the routine identification of strains currently known as B. cepacia genomovar IV and propose formal classification of this organism as Burkholderia stabilis sp. nov. B. stabilis can indeed be differentiated from all other B. cepacia complex strains by the absence of beta-galactosidase activity, from strains of B. cepacia genomovars I and III and B. vietnamiensis by the inability to oxidize sucrose, and from B. multivorans by the lack of growth at 42 degrees C. In addition, analysis with the recA gene-derived primers BCRG41 (5'-ACCGGCGAGCAGGCGCTT-3') and BCRG42 (5'-ACGCCATCGGGCATGGCA-3') specifically allows the detection of B. stabilis strains in a conventional PCR assay. Examination of a set of 21 B. stabilis strains by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing suggested that the genome of this organism is highly conserved, which is in sharp contrast to the generally accepted genomic diversity, variability, and plasticity among B. cepacia strains.
...
PMID:Identification and population structure of Burkholderia stabilis sp. nov. (formerly Burkholderia cepacia genomovar IV). 1069 93

A polyphasic taxonomic study that included DNA-DNA hybridizations, DNA base ratio determinations, 16S rDNA sequence analyses, whole-cell protein and fatty acid analyses and an extensive biochemical characterization was performed on 16 strains isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples. The isolates belonged to the genus Burkholderia, were phylogenetically closely related to Burkholderia graminis, Burkholderia caribensis and Burkholderia phenazinium and had G+C contents between 61.9 and 62.2 mol%. Seven strains isolated from the rhizosphere were assigned to Burkholderia caledonica sp. nov. [type strain LMG 19076T (= CCUG 42236T)]. Nine strains isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples were assigned to Burkholderia fungorum sp. nov. [type strain LMG 16225T (= CCUG 31961T)]. Differential tests for B. graminis, B. caribensis, B. phenazinium, B. caledonica and B. fungorum include the following: assimilation of trehalose, citrate, DL-norleucine, adipate and sucrose; nitrate reduction; growth in the presence of 0.5% NaCl; and beta-galactosidase activity.
...
PMID:Burkholderia fungorum sp. nov. and Burkholderia caledonica sp. nov., two new species isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples. 1141 78

A new species, Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., is proposed to include strains isolated from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts which are distinct from related strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis of human origin. This bacterium exhibits the following characteristics: black-pigmented colonies; asaccharolytic, obligate anaerobic growth; and Gram-negative, non-motile and non-spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Colonies do not fluoresce under UV light. Vitamin K1 and haemin are required for growth. Cells haemagglutinate sheep erythrocytes. Major fatty acid end products are butyric acid, isovaleric acid, succinic acid and phenylacetic acid. Strains are catalase-positive and indole is produced. Alkaline phosphatase, trypsin-like and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activities are strong. A beta-galactosidase and a glutamylglutamic acid arylamidase are also present. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA is 51 mol%. DNA-DNA homology data and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis provide strong evidence that strains from the animal biotype of P. gingivalis represent a Porphyromonas species that is distinct from P. gingivalis. The type strain of P. gulae is Loup 1T (= ATCC 51700T = NCTC 13180T).
...
PMID:Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts. 1141 86

Phytases catalyze the release of phosphate from phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) to inositol polyphosphates. Raoultella terrigena comb.nov. phytase activity is known to increase markedly after cells reach the stationary phase. In this study, phytase activity measurements made on single batch cultures indicated that specific enzyme activity was subject to catabolite repression. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) showed a positive effect in expression during exponential growth and a negative effect during stationary phase. RpoS exhibited the opposite effect during both growth phases; the induction to stationary phase decreased twofold in the rpoS::Tn10 mutant, but the effect of RpoS was not clearly determined. Two phy::MudI1734 mutants, MW49 and MW52, were isolated. These formed small colonies in comparison with the MW25 parent strain when plated on Luria-Bertani (LB) or LB supplemented with glucose. They did not grow in minimal media or under anaerobiosis, but did grow aerobically on LB and LB glucose at a lower rate than did MW25. The beta-galactosidase activity level in these mutants increased three to four fold during stationary growth in LB glucose and during anaerobiosis. Addition of cAMP during the exponential growth of MW52 on LB glucose provoked a decrease in beta-galactosidase activity during the stationary phase, confirming its negative effect on phytase expression during stationary growth.
...
PMID:Regulation of Raoultella terrigena comb.nov. phytase expression. 1188 66

A facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain COOI3B(T) (= ATCC BAA 136T = DSM 13966T), was isolated from the waters emitted by a bore well tapping the deep subterranean thermal waters of the Great Artesian Basin of Australia. The cells were straight to slightly curved rods (0.5-0.8 x 2-25 microm) that occurred singly and rarely in pairs or in chains. Strain COOI3B(T) was motile by peritrichous flagella. It stained gram-negative, but electron micrographs showed a gram-positive-type cell wall. Spores were never observed and cells were heat-sensitive. Yeast extract at 0.02% (w/v) was required for growth and could also be used as a sole carbon and energy source at concentrations higher than 0.1% (w/v). The strain utilized amorphous iron(III), manganese(IV), nitrate, nitrite and fumarate as electron acceptors in the presence of yeast extract, glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, xylose, starch, glycerol, ethanol or lactate. Electron acceptors were not obligately required and growth was better in the presence of nitrate than in its absence. Acid was not produced from growth on carbohydrates. Tryptophan deaminase, H2S, arginine dihydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, beta-galactosidase, arabinosidase, glucuronidase, glucosaminidase, nitroanilidase, xylosidase and ornithine decarboxylase were not produced. Starch and gelatin, but not casein, were hydrolysed. Aesculin and catalase, but not oxidase and urease, were produced. Strain COOI3B(T) grew optimally at temperatures between 37 and 40 degrees C (the temperature growth range was 25-45 degrees C) and at pH 7.0-9.0 (the pH growth range was 6.0 to 9.5) with 5% (w/v) NaCl (the NaCl concentration growth range was 0.9%, w/v). The DNA base composition was 43 +/- 1 mol % G+C. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that it was a member of the family Bacillaceae, Bacillus infernus and Bacillus firmus being the closest phylogenetic neighbours (having a mean similarity value of 96%); hence, strain COOI3B(T) is designated as a novel species, Bacillus subterraneus sp. nov.
...
PMID:Bacillus subterraneus sp. nov., an iron- and manganese-reducing bacterium from a deep subsurface Australian thermal aquifer. 1205 51

Twenty-two isolates originating from the gut of healthy cultured turbot larvae in Norway were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting analysis showed that the isolates have typical patterns and form two main groups. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belong to the gamma-Proteobacteria, with Vibrio hollisae as their closest neighbour. DNA-DNA hybridization, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses further proved that these isolates represent a tight novel taxon that differs from currently described species in the family Vibrionaceae. It is proposed that these novel isolates be accommodated in a new genus, Enterovibrio gen. nov., with Enterovibrio norvegicus sp. nov. as the type species. Isolates were motile by a polar flagellum, positive for oxidase, catalase, arginine dihydrolase and beta-galactosidase, but negative for the Voges-Proskauer reaction. They produced indole, did not reduce nitrate and were resistant to the vibriostatic agent O/129. The DNA G+C content of E. norvegicus was 47.1-47.9 mol%. The type strain is E. norvegicus LMG 19839(T) (= CAIM 430(T)).
...
PMID:Enterovibrio norvegicus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the gut of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae: a new member of the family Vibrionaceae. 1250 62

Neptunia natans is a unique aquatic legume indigenous to tropical and sub-tropical regions and is nodulated symbiotically by rhizobia using an unusual infection process unlike any previously described. Previously, isolates of neptunia-nodulating rhizobia from Senegal were characterized as Allorhizobium undicola. Here we report on a different group of neptunia-nodulating rhizobia isolated from India. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene from two of these Indian isolates (strains J1T and J2) show that they belong in the genus Devosia rather than Allorhizobium. Currently, the only described Devosia species is D. riboflavina (family Hyphomicrobiaceae, order Rhizobiales). The complete 16S rDNA sequences of strains J1T and J2 are 95.9% homologous to the type strain, D. riboflavina LMG 2277T, suggesting that these neptunia-nodulating strains from India belong to a new Devosia species. This hypothesis was confirmed by further studies of polyphasic taxonomy (DNA-DNA hybridisation, TP-RAPD patterns, SDS-PAGE of cellular proteins, 16S rDNA RFLP patterns, carbon source utilisation, cellular fatty acid analysis and other phenotypic characterisations), all of which support the proposal that these neptunia-nodulating strains constitute a new Devosia species, which we name Devosia neptuniae sp. nov. These gram negative, strictly aerobic short rods are motile by a subpolar flagellum, positive for catalase, oxidase, urease and beta-galactosidase, can utilise several carbohydrates (but not organic acids) as carbon sources and contain C18:0 3-OH, cis-7 C18:1 11-methyl and cis-7 C18:1 as their major cellular fatty acids. Unlike D. riboflavina, the longer-chain C24:1 3-OH and C26:1 3-OH hydroxy fatty acids are not detected. The type strain of D. neptuniae is LMG 21357T (CECT 5650T). Assignment of this new taxon represents the fourth example in the literature of a non-rhizobial genus of bacteria capable of forming a bonafide dinitrogen-fixing root-nodule symbiosis with legume plants.
...
PMID:Description of Devosia neptuniae sp. nov. that nodulates and fixes nitrogen in symbiosis with Neptunia natans, an aquatic legume from India. 1274 9


1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>

---