Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase)
 14,648 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The association of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus with tissues of the upper respiratory tract were compared by using an in vivo ferret model. Ferrets were challenged intranasally with a 1-ml volume of radiolabeled staphylococci (3 mg [dry weight]), were allowed to clear the bacteria in vivo for 90 min, and were sacrificed. Tissues from the right nasal fossa were harvested and processed for radioassay or histology. Of the recoverable staphylococci, greater than or equal to 96% was associated with mucus gel overlaying mucosa of the turbinates. A quantitative radioassay was developed to study the binding of labeled staphylococci to immobilized crude ferret nasal mucin (FM) and bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BM). Binding showed saturation kinetics and was blocked specifically by BM but not by human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein nor orosomucoid. Binding to both FM and BM was significantly inhibited (P less than or equal to 0.01) when cocci were pretreated with trypsin but not when treated with beta-galactosidase or sodium metaperiodate (except for binding of S. saprophyticus to FM). These results suggest that mucin-binding receptors of the cocci may have protein components. The staphylococcus-binding receptors of both FM and BM appear to contain protein components, based on sensitivity to pretreatment with trypsin.
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PMID:Binding of staphylococci to mucus in vivo and in vitro. 280 45

Electrophoretic analyses of the urinary proteins of pre-eclamptic patients revealed a decrease in the staining intensity of the protein band representing the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP). In the present study the quantitative analysis of the THP excretion rate and the urinary activity of THP oligosaccharide metabolizing glycosidases were investigated. The median THP excretion rate of non-pregnant women (n = 24) was 20 mg/g creatinine (crea.). An increase in the THP excretion rate was seen in pregnancy to a level between 43 mg/g crea. (II. trimester) and 32 mg/g crea. (III. trimester) (n = 29). Hypertension in pregnancy was associated with a decrease in the THP excretion rate to 9 mg/g crea. (n = 85). Post partum, a transient elevated THP excretion rate up to 109 mg/g crea was recorded in the group of hypertensive patients. The urinary activities of the lysosomal beta-mannosidase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-mannosidase (pH 4.5) and beta-galactosidase increased in normal pregnancy. This effect was most pronounced in the beta-galactosidase activity which increased from 50 U/mg crea. before pregnancy to 280 U/mg crea. at term. Hypertension in pregnancy was associated with a further increase in the activities of the lysosomal glycosidases. In the case of the beta-galactosidase a significant rise from 68 to 310 U/mg crea. was found. The urinary activity of the alpha-mannosidase (pH 5.5) originating from the Golgi apparatus was only elevated in patients with severe pre-eclampsia. Casuistic post partum recordings demonstrated that an elevation of the lysosomal glycosidases activities was followed by a transient increase in the THP excretion rate.
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PMID:The relationship between urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein excretion and urinary activity of glycosidases in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. 844 58

Membrane-bound beta-Gal-3'-sulfotransferase (GP3ST) was expressed and used for in vitro sulfation of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Further, the regioselective transfer of sulfate to an N-acetyllactosamine derivative could be realised with soluble chimeric GP3ST, also in combination with Lac transglycosylation by means of beta-galactosidase. Two alternative straightforward chemical syntheses for the target compound could be elaborated.
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PMID:In vitro sulfation of N-acetyllactosaminide by soluble recombinant human beta-Gal-3'-sulfotransferase. 1651 77

Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP) is synthesized in the particular sites of renal tubules acting as a defense molecule in the urinary system. In the present study, we found that THP contained high amount of Siaalpha(2,3)Gal/GalNAc, moderate amount of beta(1,4)GlcNAc oligomers and GlcNAc/branched mannose, and low amount of mannose residues, but no Siaalpha(2,6)Gal/GalNAc, in the side-chains of the molecule. THP exhibited high binding affinity with human TNF-alpha, IgG, C1q and BSA, moderate binding affinity with IL-8, and low binding affinity with IL-6 and IFN-gamma. For exploring the role of carbohydrate side-chains and protein core in the protein-binding and cell-stimulating activities, THP was enzyme-digested with carbohydrate-specific [neuraminidase (Nase), beta-galactosidase (Gase)], protein-specific [V8 protease (V8), proteinase K (PaseK)] and glycoconjugate-specific [carboxypeptidase Y (Case), O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (Oase)] degrading enzymes. We found that THP digested with V8, Oase, and PaseK, significantly reduced its protein-binding, mononuclear cell proliferating, and neutrophil phagocytosis-enhancing activities. These results suggest that the intact protein core structure, but not carbohydrate side-chains, is essential for pleotropic functions of THP molecule.
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PMID:Intact protein core structure is essential for protein-binding, mononuclear cell proliferating, and neutrophil phagocytosis-enhancing activities of normal human urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. 1806 4