Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase)
14,648 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic release of lysosomal enzymes and local release in the pulmonary microcirculation from sequestrated and activated leucocytes could be an important factor in the development of the lung microvascular injury seen after septicaemia. The maximal activities of 11 lysosomal acid hydrolases (acid phosphatase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, arylamidase and cathepsins B and C) were measured in serum and lung lymph from seven sheep before and after infusion of live E. coli bacteria. In the early phase of septicaemia (the first hour) the activities of eight enzymes were increased in serum and/or lung lymph (1.1 to 2X pre-infusion values). In the late phase, 3-4 h after sepsis, there were significantly elevated serum activities of beta-glucosidase (5.4X), alpha- and beta-galactosidases (2.7X, 1.5X), beta-acetylglucosaminidase (2.0X) arylamidase (1.2X) and cathespin B (1.7X). In lymph acid phosphatase (1.7X), alpha- and beta-glucosidases (1.6X, 6.4X), alpha- and beta-galactosidases (2.1X, 1.7X). Beta-acetylglucosaminidase (2.6X), and beta-glucuronidase (4.0X pre-infusion) were elevated. The findings of a heterogenicity of changes in serum and lymph activities, as well as the large molecular sizes of some of the enzymes with changed activities indicated to us that permeability changes were not major causes of increased lymph enzyme activities. The results could indicate a local release of enzymes either from sequestrated leucocytes or lung tissue due to local reactions in the lung or lung microvessels. The heterogenous changes in activities for the various lysosomal enzymes as found in the present study indicated that measurement of only one enzyme could be misleading.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Lysosomal enzyme pattern in lung lymph and blood during E. coli sepsis in sheep. 329 74

The enzymatic activities of 53 strains of Pseudomonas cepacia were determined by using the API ZYM system. Strong alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, butyrate esterase, caprylate esterase, myristate lipase, leucine arylamidase, and phosphoamidase activities were consistently detected in all strains. Weak activities were observed for valine arylamidase, beta-glucosidase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. No activities could be demonstrated for cystine arylamidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, and alpha-fucosidase. Enzymatic activities of pseudomonads may provide useful information about their pathogenesis and information for identification of Pseudomonas species.
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PMID:Enzymatic characterization of Pseudomonas cepacia by API ZYM profile. 335 98

Nineteen hydrolytic enzymes were detected in individual adult Pergamasus longicornis (Berlese) mites--amylase, hide protease, alkali phosphatase, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), lipase (C14), leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, phosphoamidase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, and alpha-fucosidase. All but the phosphatases were detected for the first time. Tryptic and chymotryptic activity were consistently not demonstrable. Comparisons are made with saprophagous mites. No clear enzymic specialization for predation was found.
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PMID:Digestion in the soil predatory mite Pergamasus longicornis (Berlese) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Parasitidae)--detectable hydrolases. 356 25

Various enzymatic urinary activities have been proposed to assess renal proximal tubule damage in children, including neonates. Nevertheless comprehensive knowledge on the developmental aspects of physiological enzymuria is limited, particularly with regard to lysosomal and brush border enzymuria. Urinary activities of two lysosomal enzymes, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta-galactosidase (GAL), and of two brush border enzymes, alanine aminopeptidase (AAG) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were comparatively investigated in normal prematures (n = 28), term neonates (n = 52), infants aged less than 2 years (n = 19) and children (n = 33), and compared to urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (B2M). Enzymatic activities were assayed using either spectrophotometrical (NAG, AAP, GGT) fluorimetrical (GAL) or radioimmunological (B2M) methods, and were related to urinary creatinine excretion. Developmental profiles of both the studied lysosomal enzymes and of B2M were similarly characterized with significantly decreasing values from prematures (NAG 9.29 +/- 1.44, GAL 2.26 +/- 0.26 IU/mmol creatinine, indicated as mean +/- SEM) to term neonates (6,94 +/- 0.58 and 1.76 +/- 0.15 IU/mmol creatinine, respectively) and older infants and children. Lysosomal enzymatic urinary activities correlated linearly with a coefficient of r = 0.75, (p < 0.05), while correlations between each lysosomal enzymatic activity and B2M urinary excretion were weaker.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Specific developmental profiles of lysosomal and brush border enzymuria in the human. 772 20

Comparative analysis of the enzymatic profiles of 58 spirochaetal isolates clearly differentiated borrelias from leptospires, serpulinas and a treponeme. Strains of both Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia hermsii characteristically produced significant amounts of leucine arylamidase. This enzyme activity was not unique to borrelias but was also detected amongst pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospira serovars. This fact, however, did not hamper a correct differentiation of borrelias from these spirochaetes, because leptospires possessed unique enzyme profiles. The API ZYM system could not differentiate the human strains of B. burgdorferi from those isolated from ticks, or from B. hermsii. Treponema phagedenis could be differentiated from all the other spirochaetes by the production of alpha-fucosidase. Our results confirm and extend previous studies indicating that human and animal intestinal spirochaetes have many common enzyme activities. All strains produced reactions of maximum intensity when tested for the presence of beta-galactosidase activity. However the avian strains lacked esterase (C4) which was present in human and swine intestinal spirochaetes. All strains of Serpulina hyodysenteriae, and Serpulina innocens as well as the human intestinal spirochaete strain HRM-14 showed alpha and beta glucosidase activity. Both enzyme activities were absent or insignificant in most other intestinal spirochaetes examined: 25 different human strains, non-pathogenic swine strain M1 and the avian strain 4742. However, swine strain LL3 and avian strain 1380 showed some beta-glucosidase activity.
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PMID:Comparative study of the enzyme activities of Borrelia burgdorferi and other non-intestinal and intestinal spirochaetes. 776 Jul 53

Thirteen Escherichia coli strains of different biotypes isolated from urine and faeces cultures were studied for metabolic and compositional changes during starvation in seawater at different timepoints. Additionally, the antibiotic susceptibility of the starved E. coli cells was evaluated over time on Mueller-Hinton agar (Bauer-Kirby method). All starved E. coli cells lost beta-galactosidase activity gradually with time and acquired the ability to degrade gelatine. Nine of the E. coli strains lost the ability to decarboxylate lysine and seven to acidify melibiose. C4 esterase, C8 esterase lipase, leucine arylamidase and C14 lipase activity increased during starvation, while alkaline and acid phosphatase and phosphoamidase activity decreased. Most of the E. coli strains underwent alterations in their electrophoretic protein pattern. The traditional Bauer & Kirby method was shown to be inadequate for testing antibiotic susceptibility of starved strains.
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PMID:Metabolic and compositional changes in Escherichia coli cells starved in seawater. 784 33

The early renal function parameters (RFP), i.e. urinary alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), beta-galactosidase (beta GAL), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol-binding protein (RBP), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP) and the conventional RFP plasma creatinine were assessed in 8 patients before and during treatment with the nephrotoxic antitumor agent cis-platin. Plasma creatinine increased during treatment with cis-platin. In all patients, acute tubular damage was revealed by early RFP. Albumin and total protein excretion patterns suggested alterations in glomerular function. The cumulative change in RBP excretion was related to plasma creatinine concentrations following cis-platin administration. The present study demonstrates that urinary RBP is a valuable parameter for the early assessment of cis-platin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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PMID:Comparison of renal function parameters in the assessment of cis-platin induced nephrotoxicity. 791 Jun 67

Ninety-nine strains of Gram-negative black-pigmented anaerobic rods, grown on Todd-Hewitt blood agar plates, were identified and characterized according to a typing scheme including UV fluorescence, catalase, trypsin-like and haemagglutinating activities, biochemical tests with the ATB 32A kit, and gas-liquid chromatography. To determine the taxonomic position of the Porphyromonas gingivalis biotypes, 68 strains (31 of human origin and 37 of animal origin) were compared to 31 strains of closely related species or of uncertain generic status. Most animal strains were isolated in our laboratory by subculturing samples from the oral cavity of five mammalian species (bear, cat, coyote, dog and wolf). Those strains differed from human P. gingivalis strains in that they were positive for catalase, beta-galactosidase and glutamyl-glutamic acid arylamidase; from Bacteroides macacae by more rapid pigmentation, positive haemagglutination, failure to produce propionic acid, and negative alpha-galactosidase; and from Bacteroides salivosus by more rapid pigmentation, positive haemagglutination and failure to produce propionic acid. These data demonstrate that phenotypic heterogeneity within the taxon P. gingivalis can be resolved into two biotypes, each corresponding to a human source or an animal source.
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PMID:Phenotypic characterization of human and animal biotypes within the species Porphyromonas gingivalis. 819 Sep 90

The enzymatic activity of 70 feline and canine Microsporum canis isolates was determined by the Api-Zym test. The liquid phase of cultures, inoculated into Tryptic Soy Broth, was used to examine 19 enzymes. Considerable differences were observed among the extracellular enzymatic patterns. All the isolates produced alkaline phosphatase and beta-glucosidase, while lipase (C14), trypsin, chymotrypsin, beta-glucuronidase, and alpha-fucosidase activity was never revealed. Esterase (C4) activity was present in 57 samples (81%), esterase lipase (C8) in 31 (44%), leucine arylamidase in 35 (50%), valine arylamidase and cystine arylamidase in 7 (10%), acid phosphatase in 64 (91%), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase in 60 (86%), alpha-galactosidase in 5 (7%), beta-galactosidase in 6 (8%), alpha-glucosidase in 25 (36%), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in 41 (58%), and alpha-mannosidase in 51 (73%). The beta-galactosidase activity of M. canis has not been reported previously. Remarkable variations of intensity for each enzymatic activity were also detected. It is believed that these results could provide basic data for further investigations on the pathogenic role of enzymes secreted by M. canis.
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PMID:Extracellular enzymatic activity of Microsporum canis isolates. 868 26

In patients suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with or without preclinical and clinical signs of diabetic nephropathy, the degree of epithelial cell lesions in the renal tubules was assessed from the urinary activities of enzymes at various sites, such as lysosomal (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta-galactosidase (beta-GA)), brush edge membranous (alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), and cytosolic (alpha-glucosidase (alpha-GL)). Patients from Groups 1 and 2 had no preclinical and clinical signs of nephropathy. In Group 1 patients, the magnitude of enzymuria was not different from that in normalcy. However, Group 2 patients exhibited significant increases in urinary NAG and beta-GA activities as compared to Group 1 patients and healthy individuals. In Group 3 patients with microproteinuria from 0.05 to 0.5 mg protein per ml urine, displayed a further enhancement of NAG and beta-GA activities as compared to Group 2 patients and significantly higher activity than did Groups 1 and 2 patients and healthy individuals. In Group 4 patients with macroproteinuria of > 0.5 mg/ml), greater increases in the activities of NAG, beta-GA, and AAP were not found, however, there was a significant increase in alpha-G1 activity. The findings suggest the varying degrees of epithelial cell damage in the renal tubules in patients of different groups and the possibility of early detection of lesion in the proximal portion of nephronic tubules in IDDM patients as assessed from urinary enzyme levels.
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PMID:[Urinary enzymes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. 899 62


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