Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.23 (beta-galactosidase)
 14,648 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Bacillus subtilis pur operon is a 12-gene cluster, purEKB-purC(orf)QLF-purMNH(J)-purD, organized in groups of overlapping coding units separated by intercistronic gaps. Translational fusions of Escherichia coli lacZ were constructed to purE, purC, and purM, the first gene of each group. Analyses of gene fusions integrated into the chromosomal pur operon exclude the possibility of internal promoters in intercistronic regions and support the view that transcription is from the single sigma 43 promoter at the 5' end of the operon. Enzyme and mRNA measurements indicate that transcriptional regulation occurs solely at the 5' end of the operon. The relative levels of beta-galactosidase from purE-lacZ, purC-lacZ, and purM-lacZ were determined under repressing and nonrepressing conditions. These results indicate that expression of purC-lacZ was 3.0- to 6.8-fold higher than purE-lacZ because of enhanced translational efficiency. The enhanced translational efficiency of purC-lacZ was accompanied by a partial escape from regulation by purines. This anomalous effect on purC-lacZ was the only suggestion for posttranscriptional regulation.
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PMID:Bacillus subtilis pur operon expression and regulation. 249 72

The sequences of two previously known tail genes, R and S, of the temperate bacteriophage P2 and the sequence of an additional open reading frame (orf-30) located between S and V, were determined. Amber mutations mapping within R and S, Ram3, Ram42, Ram23, Sam75, and Sam89 were sequenced and found to be within their corresponding open reading frames. We constructed overproducing plasmids for R and S and identified these proteins by SDS-PAGE of whole-cell lysates and Coomassie blue staining. The predicted molecular masses of proteins R and S were M(r) 17,400 and 17,300, respectively, although both polypeptides migrated more slowly during gel electrophoresis than would be expected from the sequence data. orf-30 occupies the strand opposite from RS and V and is preceded by several weak potential sigma 70-RNA polymerase promoters, some of which overlap with the V promoter. A construct that had the putative orf-30 promoter region upstream of the lacZ gene produced low levels of beta-galactosidase activity in vivo. Expression from the orf-30 promoter was not stimulated by the phage P4 transcriptional activator protein, delta, which acts at all the known P2 and P4 late promoters. Insertion mutagenesis showed that orf-30 was not an essential gene for P2 growth in Escherichia coli. None of the gene or protein sequences exhibited extensive homology to sequences in the nucleic acid and protein databases. However, the R protein contains a small region homologous to one in the phage T4 tail protein gp15, which is required for T4 tails to bind heads. We propose that R and S are tail completion proteins that are essential for stable head joining.
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PMID:Molecular cloning and characterization of bacteriophage P2 genes R and S involved in tail completion. 817 26