Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.21 (beta-glucosidase)
 3,280 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glycosidase activities with starch and PNP-glycosides as substrates can be detected in the cotyledons, leaves, pods and teguments of Vicia faba beans. The mainly hydrolize alpha- and beta-glucosides, alpha- and beta-galactosides as well as starch. The amylase activity arises at very early stages of seed maturation and then rapidly decreases, whereas glycosidases increase up to the 30% of the beans dry weight before decreasing. The beta-glucosidase might play a role in regulating the metabolism of possibly haemolitic glycosides (i.e. vicine, convicine and L-DOPA glucoside) thus explaining the presence of this enzyme.
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PMID:[Genetic improvement in Vicia and favism. II. Glycosidase activity]. 729 14

A 27-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to Kyoto University Hospital because of gait disturbance since age 25. Her elder sister had been suffering from childhood-onset dystonia-parkinsonism with diurnal fluctuation which initially responded well to levodopa therapy, but later larger dose of levodopa was needed because of severe treatment-related fluctuation of the clinical symptoms. Physical examination revealed left foot dystonia, mild parkinsonism with kinesie paradoxale and dyskinesia of lower limbs. Symptoms were relieved by sleep and worsened by walking. Laboratory data including serum ceruloplasmin, serum and urinary amino acid analysis, and hexosaminidase and beta-glucosidase activity in leukocytes were all normal. Homovanillic acid (HVA) in cerebrospinal fluid was normal (68 ng/ml) at 8 pm but markedly decreased (7 ng/ml) at 4 pm. Cranial MRI was normal. 18F-6-fluorodopa PET demonstrated decreased dopa uptake in the bilateral striatum, especially in the putamen. 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET showed decreased regional glucose metabolism in the bilateral putamen. Levodopa therapy rendered equivocal effects while trihexyphenydil was effective. This case indicated that some cases of dopa-unresponsive dystonia with parkinsonism might be a clinical variant of juvenile parkinsonism. 18F-6-fluorodopa PET is useful in evaluating juvenile dystonia-parkinsonism, though it may not predict levodopa effectiveness. 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET study will be helpful in predicting the effect of levodopa therapy, because decreased regional glucose metabolism in the putamen probably indicates poor response to levodopa. Further study including dopaminergic receptor imaging study is needed to clarify the physiological mechanism of co-existing dystonia and parkinsonism in patients with juvenile parkinsonism and related disorders.
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PMID:[A case of familial juvenile dystonia-parkinsonism: 18F-6-fluorodopa and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET study]. 890 84

The present research investigated the enrichment of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) seed substrate with phenolic antioxidants and L-DOPA via fungal-based solid-state bioconversion (SSB) system. This approach using food grade fungus Rhizopus oligosporus, was chosen because it has been demonstrated to be effective in other seed and food substrates for improving health-relevant functionality and has long history of use for food processing in Asia. The protein content and beta-glucosidase activity of the substrate which reflects fungal growth, increased with incubation time in conjunction with enhanced phenolic content and also suggested its possible involvement in phenolic mobilization. The antioxidant activity assayed by beta-carotene bleaching and DPPH free radical scavenging methods both indicated high activity during early growth stage (days 4-6) followed by reduced activity during later growth stage (days 8-20). A direct association between higher phenolic contents during early growth stage (days 4-6) and antioxidant activity suggested a link to mobilization of polymeric and hydrophobic phenolic forms. The L-DOPA content of the fenugreek extract fluctuated during the course of bioconversion with higher levels during days 6-10 (1.5-1.7 mg/g DW). The SSB process substantially improved the in vitro porcine alpha-amylase inhibition activity by 75 % on day 4 which correlated to higher levels of total phenolics and related antioxidant activity of the extracts. The high alpha-amylase inhibitory activity also coincided with high L-DOPA content on day 6. These results have implications for diet-based diabetes management. The same bioconversion stage had Helicobacter pylori inhibitory activity, which has implications for ulcer management.
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PMID:Improved alpha-amylase and Helicobacter pylori inhibition by fenugreek extracts derived via solid-state bioconversion using Rhizopus oligosporus. 1770 18